Utilitarian Theory of Ethics

1
Utilitarian Theory of Ethics

• Utilitarian theory is a consequentialist approach
  to judging moral behavior.
• Consequentialist hold that
• consequences count
• results or outcomes makes the action moral
• the ends justifies the means

2
Utilitarian Standard

• An act is Good if it results in the greatest
  happiness for the greatest number or if it
  results in the least unhappiness for the least
  number.
• Utilitarianism provides a standard by which we
  judge which actions are right or wrong, good or
  bad.

3
Applying the theory

• Identify the Alternative courses of action
• Determine the costs and benefits for each
  stakeholder
• Select the Best alternative - greatest benefit or
  least cost
• Make the best alternative a universal rule or
  policy.

4
ISSUES

• How should we define benefits and harm so that
  they can be measured?
• Who decides?