PESTICIDE REGULATION Paul Andre Missouri Department of Agriculture Pesticide Program

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PESTICIDESand Pest ManagementPaul
AndreMissouri Department of AgriculturePesticide
Program
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Regulatory Alphabet Soup

• EPANPSMCL
• HALTMDLNRCS
• FIFRASDWACWA
• MDNRFQPAMDA

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Questions

• MCLs Set Correctly?
• Who Pays for Water Quality?
• Significance of PPM,PPB,PPT?

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Pesticide Laws

• FIFRA
• Missouri Pesticide Use Act
• Missouri Pesticide Registration Act

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Pesticide Laws

• FIFRA is the federal law that regulates pesticide
  registration, use of restricted use pesticides
  and the certification of pesticide applicators
• Missouri Pesticide Use Act is the Missouri
  statute that regulates the use of all pesticides
  and certification of pesticide applicators in
  Missouri
• Missouri Pesticide Registration Act is the state
  statute that regulates the registration and sale
  of pesticides in Missouri

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Water Quality Laws

• CWA
• SDWA
• FQPA

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Water Quality Laws

• Clean Water Act gives EPA the authority to
  protect the waters of the U.S.
• Safe Drinking Water Act sets a standard that
  water must meet before it can be commercially
  sold
• Food Quality Protection Act limits the allowable
  human pesticide exposure

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FQPA The Risk Cup Concept

• Each use of a pesticide contributes a specific
  amount of exposure (risk) to humans. This is
  compared to the acceptable amount of risk (risk
  cup) which can not be exceeded.
• If a pesticide has multiple uses, priority would
  be given to specific uses, e.g., crop production.
  As the risk cup fills, lower priority uses may be
  eliminated.

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• Before FQPA, each risk cup related only to the
  risks associated with food crops.
• Under FQPA the risk cup must include risks
  associated with all uses including food,
  drinking water, use in and around homes,
  right-of-ways, golf courses, etc.

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• If two or more pesticides affect human health
  similarly, the concept of cumulative risk is
  applied.
• FQPA requires the pesticides share a common risk
  cup.
• If the pesticide effects childrens health, a 10X
  margin of safety is used (the risk cup is
  smaller).

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Pesticides

• Agricultural Tools?
• Low Cost
• High Quality
• Food Supply

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Pesticides

• Public Health Tools?
• Insect Control
• Disease Control
• Vector Control

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Integrated Pest ManagementIPM a balanced,
tactical approach

• Anticipates and prevents damage
• Combines tactics
• Improves effectiveness
• Reduces side effects
• Relies on identification,measurement,
  assessment,and knowledge

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Why Practice IPM?

• Maintains balanced ecosystems
• Pesticides may be ineffective or not needed
• Promotes a healthy environment
• Saves money
• Maintains a good public image

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IPM Decisions

• Identify the pest and know its biology
• Monitor and survey for pests
• Set IPM goal prevent, suppress, eradicate
• Implement
• Select control strategies
• Timing
• Economics
• Environmental impacts
• Regulatory restrictions
• Evaluate

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Components of IPM Identify and Understand

• Is it a pest, beneficial, or just there?
• Study pest biology
• Pest classification
• Life cycle
• Over-wintering stage
• Damage impacts
• Environmental needs
• Vulnerable control stages/timing

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Components of IPM Monitor the Pest

• Use scouting, trapping, weather data, models
• Economics or aesthetics trigger need for action
• Pest population
• Beneficial population
• Geographic location
• Plant variety
• Plant type stage of growth
• Cost of control measure(s)
• Value of plant or crop

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Components of IPM Develop the IPM Goal

• Prevention weed-free seed, resistant plants,
  sanitation, exclusion, pesticide treatments
• Suppression (reduction) cultivation, biological
  control, pesticides
• Eradication (elimination) small, confined areas,
  or government programs

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Components of IPM Implement the IPM Program

• Make sure you have taken initial steps
• Identification and monitoring
• Set action thresholds
• Know what control strategies will work
• Select effective and least harmful methods!
• Observe local, state, federal regulations!

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Components of IPM Record and Evaluate Results

• Know what worked and what did not
• Some aspects may be slow to yield results
• Might be ineffective or damaging to the target
  crop, beneficial insects, etc.
• Use gained knowledge in future planning efforts

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Pesticide Use Considerations

• Identify the pest and select the appropriate
  product
• old or new infestation
• Avoid developing resistant pest populations
• If using pesticides, use the correct application
  rate (dose) and timing
• Read and Follow the LABEL!

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Pesticide ResistanceThe ability of a pest to
tolerate a pesticide that once controlled it

• Intensive pesticide use kills susceptible pests
  in a population, leaving some resistant ones to
  reproduce
• Use of similar modes of action
• Frequency of applications
• Persistence of the chemical
• Pest rate of reproduction offspring numbers

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Resistance Management

• Do not use products repeatedly that have similar
  modes of action
• Allow some pests to survive
• Limit treatment areas
• Consider using lower dosages
• Use caution new compounds having very specific
  actions - may develop resistance more quickly
• Use non-chemical means to control resistant pest
  populations

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Solution?

• Regulatory Approach?

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Solution?
Cooperative, Voluntary, Community
(Watershed)-Based Approach?
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Pesticide Program Missouri Dept. of
Agriculture P.O. Box 630 Jefferson City, MO
65102 573.751.5504(V) 573.751.0005(F) www.mda.stat
e.mo.us