Athens vs. Sparta

1
Athens vs. Sparta

• The Big Idea
• The two most powerful city-states in Greece,
  Sparta and Athens, had very different cultures
  and became bitter enemies in the 400s BC.

2
Military
Athens
Sparta

• Military service began at age 7 until 60
• 13 years of Harsh training in fighting and
  killing (combat)
• Men lived in barracks (dorms)
• Allowed to marry and have children, but remain in
  dorms until 30.

• Had a strong navy
• Joined the army at age 18
• Had to serve for 2 years
• Fought battles at sea

• Had mandatory military serivce
• Fought each other

Conclusions?
3
Cultural Achievements
Athens
Sparta

• Military legacy
• Oral History (Trojan War)
• Womens rights

• Art
• Architecture
• Drama Literature
• Philosophy
• Government (Democracy)

• Organized government
• Influential thousands of years later

Conclusions?
4
Systems of Labor
Athens
Sparta

• Professional soldiersonly ones who could vote
  (20)
• Merchants Artisans (10)
• Helots or slaves-did all non-military work (70)

• Freemen were all male citizens (20)
• Workers who could not own land (50)
• Slaveshad no rights (30)

• Slaves were people taken when defeated in battle
• If a family needed money they could sell a child
  into slavery

Conclusions?
5
The Spartans built a military society toprovide
security and protection.

• Daily life in Sparta was dominated by the army,
  and boys were trained from an early age to be
  soldiers.
• Spartan men reached full citizenship at age 30
  and could then move back home, but they stayed in
  the army until they turned 60.
• Courage, strength, self-discipline, and
  obedience were the most important qualities to
  have.

6
Spartan Women

• Because men were often at war, women had more
  rights than other Greek women.
• Spartan Women ran the household and owned
  property.
• Spartan Women also received physical training
  and sometimes competed with men in sporting
  events.

Only Spartan Women give birth to real men.
7
Government

• Sparta was officially ruled by two kings who
  jointly led the army, but elected officials
  actually had more power than the kings.
• These officials handled dealings between Sparta
  and other city-states.
• Spartas government was set up to control the
  citys helots, or slaves.

What type of government is this?
What was the government of Athens like?
8
The Athenians admired the mind and the arts in
addition to physical abilities.
9
Boys and Men In Athens

• Spartas main rival in Greece was Athens.
• Though they also worked to improve their
  bodies, they had to devote only two years to the
  army.
• They learned to read, write, count, and sing.
• Wealthy boys continued their education with a
  private tutor.
• Boys from poor families usually became farmers.

10
Girls and Women in Athens

• Unlike boys, girls received almost no
  education, because men did not think they needed
  to be educated.
• Athenian women had fewer rights than women in
  many other city-states in fact, they hardly had
  any at all.

11
AcropolisWhy?
Word to Know Acropolis a high hill upon which
a Greek fortress was built
12
Sparta and Athens fought over who should have
power and influence in Greece. But

• Over time the Persians came to rule a great
  empire which eventually brought them into
  conflict with the Greeks.
• Sparta and Athens worked together to win the
  Persian Wars.

13
After the Persian Wars

• City-states joined an alliance, which
  historians call the Delian League.
• Alliance means they agreed to work together.
• Sparta formed its own alliance, called the
  Peloponnesian League.

14
The Peloponnesian War

• Who Athens and Allies Sparta and Allies
• What War over money
• Where On the Greek mainland and the Aegean Sea
• When 431B.C.- 404B.C.
• Why Athens took money from the Delian League.
  Sparta didnt like that.
• Ended in a truce

15
The Peloponnesian War
16

• The Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta
  has left all the Greek city-states without unity!
  They are an easy target for