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Hurricane Thermodynamics

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Apply a cryogenic coolant ... Default Design Microsoft Equation 3.0 Hurricane Thermodynamics Costliest Hurricanes Physical Structure Carnot Engines ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Hurricane Thermodynamics


1
Hurricane Thermodynamics
  • Alex MacIntosh
  • Cam Mateus
  • Steve Lazar

2
Costliest Hurricanes
  • Katrina 2005 81 Billion
  • Andrew 1992 26.5 Billion
  • Wilma 2005 20.6 Billion
  • Charley 2004 15 Billion
  • Difficult to study immense power
  • About 48 of 80 tropical cyclones qualify in terms
    of intensity

http//www.nhc.noaa.gov/Deadliest_Costliest.shtml
3
Physical Structure
  • Storms form in the tropics
  • Three main parts
  • The eye
  • Eyewall
  • Rainbands
  • Axisymmetric Vortex
  • Hydrostatic and Rotational Balance

http//www.srh.noaa.gov/jetstream/tropics/tc_struc
ture.htm
4
Carnot Engines
  • Thermodynamic disequilibrium
  • Four Sequences
  • Isothermal Expansion
  • Adiabatic Expansion
  • Isothermal Compression
  • Adiabatic Compression

http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_thermodyn
amics
5
Equations
  • Efficiency of Carnot Engine
  • Carnots Theorem to predict maximum wind speed

6
Climate Change
  • Greenhouse gases and effects on hurricanes
  • Carnots Theorem Temperature difference and
    intensity of hurricane
  • Adiabatic expansion increased
  • Greater wind velocity

7
How Temperature Variation Effects Wind Velocity
  • When T1 25C, the Vmax is 5.85 m/s
  • When T1 30C, the Vmax is 8.34 m/s
  • This is a stunning 50 increase in the wind
    velocity!

8
How?
  • Apply a cryogenic coolant
  • Nitrogen gas
  • Carbon Dioxide
  • Air
  • Water
  • Transport and deliver coolant using
  • Plane
  • Ship
  • Barge
  • Remotely Controlled?

9
Thermal Updrafts
Strongest Thermal Updraft At the down tilt right
region of Hurricane Apply Coolant There
From Nat. Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
http//celebrating200years.noaa.gov/historymakers
/Smagorinsky/hurricane_emily650.html
10
What?
  • Coolant does
  • Decreases updraft temperature
  • Increase wind shear w/ large solid coolant pieces
  • Higher the wind shear---weaker the storm

From www.fema.gov
11
Clausius-Clapeyron
12
  • Citations
  • Emanuel, K.A., The Theory of Hurricanes. Annu.
    Rev. Fluid Mech., 23 (1991) 179-196
  • Tropical Cyclone Structure. cited November 27,
    2008 Available from http//www.srh.noaa.gov/jet
    stream/tropics/tc_structure.htm
  • Kondepudi, Dilip. Introduction to Modern
    Thermodynamics. John Wiley Sons, Ltd, 2008.
  • Emanuel, K.A., Tropical Cyclones. Annu. Rev.
    Earth. Planet. Sci., 31 (2003) 75-104.
  • Atmospheric thermodynamics. cited November 26,
    2008 Available from http//en.wikipedia.org/wik
    i/Atmospheric_thermodynamics.
  • Mooney, C. The Truth About the 2007 Atlantic
    Hurricane Season. 2007 cited October 26, 2008
    Available from http//www.thedailygreen.com/envir
    onmental-news/blogs/hurricanes-storms/7889.
  • OKeefe, D.R., Hurricane Abatement Method and
    System, U.P.T. Office, Editor. 2007 USA
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