Punctuation Continuation

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Punctuation Continuation
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Commas in compound sentences

• Use a comma before the conjunctions and, but, or,
  nor, and so, in a compound sentence.
• Julie ate a sandwich, and Todd had a piece of
  chicken.
• Twana was very tired, so she went to bed early.
• The dog growled, but the delivery woman was not
  afraid.

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Add commas to these sentences

1. My grandmother baked banana bread and my father
   cooked spaghetti.
2. The family sat down to eat but my brother refused
   to join us.
3. My sister was not hungry so she asked to be
   excused from the table.
4. My brother could not play outside nor could he
   watch television.
5. He could not play outside so he decided to go to
   the movies.

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Separating words in a series

• Use a comma to separate three or more items in a
  series or list.
• The comma before the and is optional. You can put
  it in or leave it out.
• (Dont worry about it on the ELA exam.)

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Separating words in a series

• Crystal took her umbrella, gloves, and raincoat
  with her on her trip.
• Next year he will be taking Spanish, science and
  history.
• You should also use commas to separate phrases in
  a series.
• He spent his day raking the leaves, pulling the
  weeds, and clearing the flowerbeds.
• She looked forward to playing piano, going on
  trips, and reading novels.

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Your turn!

1. He drank water juice and cherry soda.
2. She wanted to play chess read a book and watch
   television before her cousin arrived.
3. They talked about visiting Italy Spain and
   Portugal on their trip.
4. He enjoyed reading books playing water sports and
   walking in the woods.
5. New Years Day Memorial Day and Labor Day fall on
   a Monday this year.

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Commas in dates

• Use a comma in a date to separate the day of the
  month from the year. Do not use a comma, however,
  between the month and the day.
• Correct July 26, 1989 Incorrect July, 26 1989
• Correct March 19, 2007 Incorrect March, 19 2007
• The commas job is to keep the two groups of
  numbers from getting bunched together.

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• Dont use a comma when it is just the month and
  year.
• I was born in September 1978.
• Not, I was born in September, 1978.
• If a sentence starts with the date, a comma goes
  after it.
• In September 1978, I was born.

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Your turn!

1. He started his first job in April 2004.
2. She won her first essay contest on April 4 2002.
3. Abraham Lincoln was assassinated on April 15
   1865.
4. In January 2008 they will celebrate their third
   wedding anniversary.
5. In February 1991 Saddam Hussein agreed to remove
   Iraqi troops from Kuwait.
6. He visited Italy in March 1992 April 1996 and
   June 2005.

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Commas in place names

• If you have several parts to a place name,
  separate each part after the first one with a
  comma.
• She lives in Rochester, New York.
• Their home address is 5 Main Street, Omaha,
  Nebraska.
• Often you separate the last part of the place
  name from the rest of the sentence with a comma.
  Do not use a comma if the place name is followed
  by a preposition such as on, in, to, at, or for.
• He left Hollywood, California in 1945.
• He left Hollywood, California, when he moved to
  Paris, France.

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Your turn!

1. Harvey was born in Milwaukee Wisconsin on April 1
   1998.
2. On April 10 2002 Sally traveled to Albany New
   York to visit her brother.
3. Johns grandparents drove from Albany to Boston
   Massachusetts.
4. In September 2008 he plans to visit Havana Cuba
   and Rome Italy.

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Separating phrases in sentences

• You usually use a comma to separate a phrase in
  the middle of a sentence. Make sure to put a
  comma on both sides of the phrase or expression.
• The mans jacket, torn when he fell down the
  stairs, had to be sewn.
• The winner of the race, Mack McKenzie smiled
  joyfully.
• Monday, which is my birthday, is the only day I
  am available.
• Dont use a comma when talking about a very
  general or unclear part.
• The baby wearing a green sweater is my niece.
• I just met the man who sent your sister the roses.

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Your turn!

1. No I will not go!
2. Although he could cook quite well he did not
   enjoy it.
3. To amuse himself he often played a game of chess.
4. After years, of captivity he was freed.
5. The youngest boy Charles Jones, climbed the
   mountain without fear.
6. Arthur Miller, the award-winning writer smiled as
   he spoke to reporters.
7. Its up to you Jane to finish the project.

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• For my book report, I read the novel Esparanza
  Rising by Pam Munoz Ryan. At the beginning of the
  novel, Esperanza is wealthy and has everything a
  girl could ever want. Her family owns a ranch in
  Aguascalientes Mexico. One night her father goes
  to repair some fences on the ranch and some
  bandits kill him. In his will, he gives his land
  to Esperanzas two uncles. His house goes to
  Esperanza and her mother. Taking advantage of the
  situation one of the uncles proposes marriage to
  Esperanzas mother. Shocked by this proposal, she
  rejects him. Later, Esperanza and her mother find
  their house has been burned down by her uncles.
  Her Uncle threatens worse things if Esperanzas
  mother will not marry him so they escape to
  california.

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• For my project, I wrote a short puppet play
  showing a scene from the book Esperanza rising.
  My play begins shortly after Esperanzas father
  has gone out to mend a fence in the fields.
  Esperanza cuts herself, on a thorn. While running
  home to tell her mother, she thinks about her
  Papa? When she reaches her mother Esperanza
  describes how she has been cut by a thorn.
  Esperanza learns, that her Papa has been killed
  by bandits. One of her uncles proposes to
  Esperanzas mother, who rejects him. Later,
  Esperanza and her mother find their house has
  been burned down by her uncles so they escape to
  California.

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Quotation Marks

• Use quotation marks to indicate exact words
  spoken.
• Mary asked, What time is it?
• I dont know, said Bill.
• What time is it? asked Mary.

Comma Before the Quotes.
Punctuation goes Inside the quotes.
Comma before quote ends
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• I dont know what time it is, Bill replied,
  because I lost my watch.
• Use a comma to end the first quote and before
  starting it again.
• Punctuation still goes inside the quotation marks.

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Your turn!

1. Have you ever been to the zoo? She asked.
2. Michael thought for a few moments and then
   replied Not since I was a child.
3. You should certainly go Monica said with a smile
   since there are so many interesting things to see
   and experience.
4. He shouted I never want to go there again.
5. I was never so embarrassed Margaret said as I was
   at that moment.
6. Where are you going? Tom asked.

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Apostrophes

• There are two reasons to use an apostrophe
• Possession to show someone owns something
• Zachs PS3, Kylers excuse, the classes scores
• Contractions to shorten a pair of words. The
  apostrophe goes in the place of missing letters.
• It is its, would not wouldnt, we have
  weve

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