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The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

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The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World The Great Pyramid of Giza The Hanging Gardens of Babylon The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus The Statue of Zeus at Olympia The ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World


1
The Seven Wondersof the Ancient World
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(No Transcript)
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The Map of Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
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The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
Wonder Date Builder Destroyed Cause
The Great Pyramid of Giza 2650-2500 BC Egyptians still standing ______
The Hanging Gardens of Babylon 600 BC Babylonians after 1st century BC earthquake
The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus 550 BC Lydians, Persians, Greeks 356 BC fire
The Statue of Zeus at Olympia 435 BC Greeks 5th-6th centuries AD fire
The Mausoleum of Mausolus at Helicarnassus 351 BC Persians, Greeks by 1494 AD earthquake
The Colossus of Rhodes 292-280 BC Hellenistic Greece 224 BC earthquake
The Lighthouse of Alexandria 3rd century BC Hellenistic Egypt 1303-1480 AD earthquake
 
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  • The Great Pyramid of Giza
  • The Hanging Gardens of Babylon
  • The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus
  • The Statue of Zeus at Olympia
  • The Mausoleum of Mausolus at Halicarnassus
  • The Colossus of Rhodes
  • The Lighthouse of Alexandria

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The Great Pyramid of Giza
The Pyramids belong to the seven wonders because
of the way they were made. The Great Pyramid of
Giza was built around 2,560 BC as a tomb for the
Egyptian pharaoh Khufu, or Cheops.
The tradition of building the pyramids started
in ancient Egypt. The Pyramids are one of the
oldest structures that are still on the earth.
Each block weighs as much as 5 elephants. And
most of the Pyramids are 450 feet high! The
Pyramids of Giza are made for the dead because
ancient people thought that the people that died
would go to another life and if they gave them
all of their important things the dead would help
them and save them.
The Pyramids are very big triangular shaped
structures that have four flat sides that come
together at the tip of the Pyramid. The Pyramids
were used for the Kings tombs (Pharaons are the
same things as kings).
7
The Hanging Gardens of Babylon
The Hanging Gardens of Babylon were once located
in the part of the world known as Iraq. They were
actually terraced gardens, probably built by the
king Nebuchadnezzar II in the sixth century BC.
According to the legend he built them to please
his wife Semiarid who was homesick for the
mountain climate of her native land.
The gardens werent the easiest thing to sustain
in that part of the world. Babylon was in a
desert where there was very little rainfall.
Engineers had to come up with a way to lift water
up from the local Euphrates River so it could
reach every level of the terrace.
nebju?k?dnez?(r)- Nebuchadnezzar
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The Hanging Gardens of Babylon
Archeologists think that they may have used some
device called a chain pump. The chain was cranked
in circles, sending the buckets down to a pull to
pick up water, and then up to the terraces to
irrigate the gardens. Since there is no
archeological evidence for the Hanging Gardens,
some historians believe that they never really
existed.
9
The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus
In whats now known as Turkey, the Temple of
Artemis at Ephesus was finished around 550 BC. An
early historian described The Temple of Artemis
at Ephesus as the greatest of the Seven Wonders.
The remains of the building a few stones near
modern Efes suggest that the writer was
exaggerating. The 20 temple was large, rich and
beautifully decorated, but there were many
temples in the ancient world which were much more
beautiful. Its power was due to the fact that
Artemis was a goddess worshipped all over Asia.
In Rome she was called Diana. The first temples
on that site go back to the eighth century BC and
the many visitors to the temple were important
for trade.
The Temple of Artemis was gigantic. In fact, it
was one of the largest temples the Greeks ever
built.
10
The Statue of Zeus at Olympia
The Statue of Zeus at Olympia has left no
remains. We know what it looked like because it
was shown on coins and travellers said that it
was made of gold and ivory.
The Temple of Zeus was finished around 456 BC in
Olympia, Greece. The statue of Zeus at Olympia
was built by the famous Greek sculptor Pheidias
in 435 BC who made some of the finest statues on
the Parthenon. The statue was built in honor of
Greek god Zeus for the Olympic games. This
amazing structure was mostly made of ivory and
gold, along with other valuable stones, such as
ebony. The statue was 40 feet tall!
Unfortunately, it was destroyed in a fire and
little remains are available to see today.
The Statue of Zeus was the most famous statue of
ancient times.
11
The Mausoleum of Mausolus at Halicarnassus
The Mausoleum of Halicarnassus was located on the
Aegean sea in the city of Bodrum. The mausoleum
was made in 350 BC. The height of the mausoleum
was 45 m (140 ft). The structure of the mausoleum
wasn't really beautiful but the decorations were
what brought the beauaty. It had statues of
people, lions, horses, and other animals. On the
top of the roof was a statue of a chariot pulled
by four horses.The mausoleum is special because
it isn't dedicated to the Greek Gods.
The mausoleum is a tomb for a king. For 16
centuries it stayed in perfect condition until an
earthquake damaged the roof and colonnades.
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The Mausoleum of Mausolus at Halicarnassus
There was a ruler, Hecatomnus, who was the
father of a son and a daughter. Mausolus, the
son, and Artemisia, the daughter became husband
and wife. Hecatomnus died, leaving Mausolus and
Artemisia as the next rulers. In 353 BC Mausolus
died. Queen Artemisia built a great tomb to show
her love. The tomb was so great because of its
size and decorations that future tombs where
named Mausoleums after King Mausolus. Today,
only a few fragments of the Mausoleum remain.
The legend says In 377 BC, the city of
Halicarnassus was off the coast of Asia Minor
(southwestern Turkey).
13
The Colossus of Rhodes
According to the tradition, The Colossus of
Rhodes stood legs apart over the harbour at
Rhodes and the ships passed in and out between
its legs. The Colossus attracted ships to Rhodes
because, like the Pharos at Alexandria, it was a
giant advertisement for the city. It could be
seen from miles away. The statue was built
between 294 and 282 BC, to celebrate the defeat
of the Macedonians, who had failed to conquer the
city. When the statue was pulled down in 654 AD,
900 camels were used to take away the pieces.
14
The Colossus of Rhodes
  • This was not just any statue, it was the statue
    of Helios, the sun god of Rhodes. The Colossus
    was 120 feet tall (thats almost as tall as the
    Statue of Liberty). It took 12 years to build the
    Colossus.
  • The statue of Helios was made of bronze and had
    iron bars inside, to support it and was hollow on
    the inside. The Colossus looked just like a
    bronze man, and he stood over the entrance of the
    harbor in Rhodes. The Colossus of Rhodes was
    destroyed by an earthquake in 224 BC.

15
The Lighthouse of Alexandria
The Pharos of Alexandria crumbled into the sea
about 600 years ago but before that it was one of
the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. It is not
known who built the Pharos, but we do know that
it was the last Wonder to be built, in 280 BC. In
ancient times it was a great help to ships trying
to get through the rocky harbour entrance. Yet it
was not a lighthouse in the modern sense, but
rather a giant advertisement for Alexandria.
The Lighthouse of Alexandria was 384 feet tall,
was made of marble, and contained a mirror, which
reflected the sun and could be viewed up to 35
miles away. At night a beacon of fire was used to
light the tower instead. Upon the very top of
this tower, there was a statue of Poseidon.
Sadly, the lighthouse was destroyed after a
series of disastrous earthquakes. It was the last
wonder to disappear. The remains of the Pharos
were found quite recently.
The word pharos is still used in some modern
languages to mean lamp or lighthouse.
16
Remember please the places where the Seven
Wonders were built
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