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Introduction to the Internet

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Introduction to the Internet Source: Easy Tutor - Learn Internet Now (CD-ROM, 2002); Natalie Ford (Access the Internet, 2005) Internet Basics The Internet is an ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Introduction to the Internet


1
Introduction to the Internet
  • Source Easy Tutor - Learn Internet Now (CD-ROM,
    2002) Natalie Ford (Access the Internet, 2005)

2
Internet Basics
  • The Internet is an intricate pattern of networks
    linked through special computers called servers
    located all over the world.
  • Individual computers are connected to these
    servers either through direct lines or modems.
  • A modem is a device that connects your computer
    to a phone line and allows communication via the
    phone system.

3
Internet Basics
  • All communications between computers connected to
    the Internet are carried out using a data
    transfer protocol called TCP/IP.
  • This enables many types of communication to take
    place including
  • Access to the World Wide Web to obtain
    information e.g. theatre times, the weather,
    stock market reports etc

4
Internet Basics
  • Sending and receiving email
  • File transfer
  • Participation in news groups for the public
    exchange of ideas and opinions
  • Participation in chat sessions - conversations
    over the Internet are in real time.
  • Online shopping e.g. grocery, purchasing books,
    banking or booking a holiday.

5
Internet Basics
  • An intranet is a private network used mainly
    within large organisations.
  • Looks the same as the Internet but is not
    connected to the World Wide Web and does not
    interact with external computers
  • Provides email, group brainstorming and
    scheduling and access to corporate databases and
    documents

6
Internet Basics
  • An extranet is an intranet that is partially
    accessible to authorised outsiders via the
    Internet.
  • While an intranet is accessible only to members
    of the same company or organisation, extranet
    provides various levels of accessibility to
    outsiders via a firewall.

7
Internet Basics
  • A firewall (discussed further in chapter on
    security) is a combination of hardware and
    software that separates the LAN into two or more
    parts for security purposes.
  • Extranets becoming a very popular means

8
Internet Addresses
  • An IP address is a unique identifier for each
    computer or device (printer) on a TCP/IP network.
  • Like a postal address, it ensures that email and
    data are sent to the correct location.
  • Each IP address is a series of four numbers
    separated by dots.

9
Internet Addresses
  • For example, 1.160.10.240 could be an IP address.
    Each number can range from 0 to 255.
  • Domain Name System (DNS) was developed in early
    1980s to help identify addresses by name rather
    than just by a difficult to remember and
    impersonal IP address.

10
Domain Name System
  • DNS establishes a hierarchy of domains (groups of
    computers on the internet) and gives each
    computer an Internet address, or domain name,
    using easily recognisable letters and words.
  • For example, address of website for Microsoft is
    www.microsoft.com
  • The domain names are the basis of URLs

11
Domain Names
  • Individuals or organisations can register a
    domain name (URL) with their ISP or directly with
    a domain name registry, as long as the name is
    unique.
  • www.internic.net to obtain more information about
    domain name registers.
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