The Internet

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• The Internet
• Computer/ICT
• Macleod

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Power and Growth

• The content on the World Wide Web changes faster
  than anything else weve ever seen in our
  culture.

• It is a powerful learning tool.

• Extremely influential in the lives of many people
  around the world.

• One must understand the structure of the Internet
  to use it effectively and efficiently!

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How did it get its name?

• This internationalization of the Internet helped
  give its name - an INTERnational NETwork hence
• Internet.

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The Internet and the World Wide Web

• Internet Hardware, such as computers, cables, and
  telephone wires, that is connected to create a
  massive worldwide network.
• World Wide Web Software that sends information
  that is stored in files along the Internets
  hardware

• The Internet and the World Wide Web are not the
  same things. The Internet provides access to the
  World Wide Web.

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While DARPA was launched in the late 1950's, it
wasnt till 1962 that the first ideas about a web
or interconnected net type of system were formed.
J.C.R. Licklider of MIT
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How did the internet start?

• 1960s -ARPANET, (Advanced Research Projects
  Agency Network) a defense force project in the
  US which had the objective of connecting several
  super-computer sites in the country with one
  another so that if any one of them was destroyed
  by a nuclear explosion, data packet switching)
  lead to TCP/IP It began fully functional in 1969.

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History

• 1980 changed to share
• scientific information
• 1989- World Wide Web was actually created in 1989
  by Sir Tim Berners-Lee
• 1992 - created software for the public use Sprint
  got involved

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1st Web browser

• Tim Berners-Lee wrote the first web browser on a
  NeXT computer, called WorldWideWeb in 1990. The
  NCSA Mosaic was the web browser
• Created by Marc Andreessen and others, Mosaic
  was the first widely-used multimedia Web browser.
  Netscape Navigator
• Microsofts Internet Explorer was created in 1994
  took off around 98.

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Types of Web Sites

• Educational sites
• School and university sites
• Tutorials and distance learning
• Museums and other institutions
• Personal sites (share interest or news with each
  other)
• Use a personal views

• Commercial sites
• E-commerce sites (shopping)
• Corporate presence sites (provides info)
• Portal sites
• (variety of services used everyday) MSN Google
• Informational sites
• News sites
• Government sites
• Public interest sites

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Who owns the Internet

• NO ONE! No a person or a company. It is networks
  connected together.
• No single set of laws governs its content.  You
  connect to the Internet through a
  private Internet service provider and/or a public
  Wi-Fi network.

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Connections

• ADSL, abbreviation for Asymmetric Digital
  Subscriber Line is a type of broadband connection
  that is available through a users active
  telephone line

• Cable Broadband
• DSL FTTP Wi-Fi

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Email
Electronic Mail (email) is the most frequently
used application of the Internet. Many people
who have access to the Internet at school, home,
and work, use the Internet for no other purpose
than to send and receive email.
294 billion messages per day means more than 2.8
million emails are sent every second and some 90
trillion emails are sent per year. Around 90 of
these millions and trillions of message are but
spam and viruses.
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HTML ?
Hypertext Markup Language
Bandwidth ?
Maximum amount of data that can travel through
Internet
Hardware/Software that prevents certain data from
traveling to your computer from the Internet
Firewall ?
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Home Page ?
The first page viewed on a website
Error 404 ?
Broken Link (web page is not there)
Post Office Mail ?
Snail Mail
Copying data (files) YOUR Computer to the Internet
Upload ?
Copying data (files) from the Internet to YOUR
computer
Download ?
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How the Web Works

• A Web browser translates the text-based HTML into
  a graphical Web page.

Title Bar
Menu
Navigation buttons
Web Address
Viewing Area
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Web page name
Domain name
Protocol
Path
http//www.nps.gov/grsm/planyourvisit/wildlifeview
ing.htm
World wide web
Address bar
Tab
Search text
hyperlink
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Domain Names

• When you think of the Internet, you probably
  think of ".com." Just what do those three letters
  at the end of a World Wide Web address mean? In
  order to locate online data, the web servers that
  host the information each have a unique numerical
  address. For example, the numerical address IPS
  198.137.240.100. But since few people want to
  remember long strings of numbers, the Domain Name
  System (DNS) was invented. DNS, a critical part
  of the Internet's technical infrastructure,
  correlates a numerical address to a word. To
  access a website, you could type its number into
  the address box of your web browser.

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Domain Names

• The Structure of a Domain Name
• A domain name always has two or more parts
  separated by dots and typically consists of some
  form of an organization's name and a three letter
  or more suffix. For example, the domain name for
  IBM is "ibm.com" the United Nations is "un.org."
  Here are the most common
• .aero--For the air-transport industry
  .biz--Reserved for businesses
• .com--For businesses and commercial enterprises
  most companies use this extension.
• .coop--Reserved for cooperatives
• .edu--For educational institutions and
  universities
• .gov--Reserved for United States government
  agencies
• .info--For informational sites
• .int--For organizations established by
  international treaties
• .jobs--For employment-related sites
• .mil--For the United States military
• .mobi--For sites related to mobile devices
• .museum--For use by museums
• .name--For use by individuals
• .net--For networks usually reserved for
  organizations such as Internet service providers
• .org--For non-commercial organizations
• .pro--For use by licensed professionals, such as
  attorneys and physicians
• .tel--For services connecting phone networks and
  the Internet

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Internet Usage and Population Growth

YEAR Population Users Pop. Broadband
2000 281,421,906 124,000,000 44.1 n/a
2001 285,317,559 142,823,008 50.0 n/a
2002 288,368,698 167,196,688 58.0 n/a
2003 290,809,777 172,250,000 59.2 n/a
2004 293,271,500 201,661,159 68.8 n/a
2005 299,093,237 203,824,428 68.1 n/a
2007 301,967,681 212,080,135 70.2 n/a
2008 303,824,646 220,141,969 72.5 n/a
2009 307,212,123 227,719,000 74.1 n/a
2010 310,232,863 239,893,600 77.3 85,287,100
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Myspace Facts

• MySpace was founded by former Friendster members
  Chris Dewolfe and Tom Anderson in 2003. They saw
  opportunity to beat Friendster with more options
  and less restrictions for social network users.
  MySpace was purchased in 2005 for 580 million by
  Rupert Murdoch creator of a media empire that
  includes 20th Century Fox and the Fox television
  stations. Google paid 900 million to be
  MySpace's search provider. MySpace runs on
  Microsoft .NET Framework, operating under Windows
  2003 server and applications written in C for
  ASP.NET.
• Myspace (previously styled as MySpace is a social
  networking service owned by Specific Media LLC
  and pop star Justin Timberlake.
• In August 2011, Myspace had 33.1 million unique
  U.S. visitors. MySpace has more than 40 billion
  page views a month.

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Facts

• September 2, 1969 First time two computers
  communicated with each other.
• 1971 The first email was sent.
• The first Internet access was by dial-up modem,
  tied up your phone line, and paid by the hour.
  Plus, it took about 30 seconds to load each page.
• The first message ever to be transmitted was
  LOG.. why? The user had attempted to type LOGIN,
  but the network crashed after the enormous load
  of data of the letter G.
• 17 billion devices will be connected to the
  Internet (in total) by the year 2012.
• In the US Internet Usage Statistics 239,893,600
  Internet users as of June/10, 77.3 of the
  population,

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Facts

• According to legend, Amazon became the number one
  shopping site because in the days before the
  invention of the search giant Google, Yahoo would
  list the sites in their directory alphabetically!
  Jeff Bezos coined the term Amazon.com from the
  earlier name Cadabra.com.
• Of the 247 billion email messages sent every day,
  81 are pure spam.
• Twenty hours of video from around the world are
  uploaded to YouTube every minute. The first ever
  YouTube video was uploaded on April 23rd 2005,by
  Jawed Karim (one of the founders of the site) and
  was 18 seconds long, entitled Me at the zoo. It
  was quite boring.
• In 1996 Americans with Internet access spent
  fewer than 30 minutes a month surfing the Web.
  Today, we spend about 27 hours a month online.

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Facts

• Google estimates that the Internet today contains
  about 5 million terabytes of data (1TB
  1,000GB), and claims it has indexed only 0.04 of
  it all!
• There are more searches for Justin Beiber than
  there are for Jesus on the internet.
• The Fastest internet in the world. South Korea
  has the worlds best broadband in terms of
  quality. The download speed is averaged to have a
  latency of 48 milliseconds, this means it is
  basically ready for High definition video online.
• More than 3.7 million domain names are registered
  every month.
• The first banner advertisement on Internet was
  used in 1994.
• Facebook holds more than 10 billion photographs.
• Google uses more electricity than some countries
  do in a year.
• There are 18 countries in the world that still
  dont have any form of Internet connection.

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History of dates

• 1991 organization went live
• Whitehouse UN World Banks
• 1993 1st commercial site was Pizza Hut
• 1994 Yahoo founded
• 1996 browser created Netscape Microsoft signal
  new software development
• 1996 Google founded and Flash introduced
• 1999 6.5 million sites online
• 2000s YouTube 2005 with 68,000 WI-Fi online
• 2006 Mozilla Firefox released
• 2007 iPhone released

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Navigating the World Wide Web

• Web browsers - Netscape Navigator, Firefox,
  Safari , Google CROME Microsoft Internet
  Explorer

Search Engines - Yahoo, Excite, DogPile, Lycos,
AltaVista, HotBot, Google, MSN etc.
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Search Engines for Students

• Ask for KidsAfast, easy and kid-friendly way for
  kids to search online. Designed to be a fun
  destination site focused on learning and
  edu-tainment
• Yahooligans!Yahooligans! is a browsable,
  searchable directory of Internet sites for kids.
  Each site has been carefully checked by an
  experienced educator to ensure the content and
  links are appropriate for kids aged 7-12

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Search Engines- Popular

• Now we have Bing It is owned by Microsoft.
• AltaVistaFeaturing web and newsgroup search
  engine as well as paid submission services.
• LycosOnline destination site combining elements
  of navigation, community, and Business
• ExciteProvides search, news, email, personals,
  portfolio tracking, and other services.
• HotBotSearch engine that offers custom filters,
  skins, and access various other engines.

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Interesting facts

• Google
• Google.com indexes 23.5 billion public web pages.
  
• 9.5 billion static pages are hidden from the
  public. (that are not even a hit) private
  intranet content like company websites/databases
  ie aries

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Search Engines for students

• AllTheWebSearch engine which indexes web pages,
  as well as multimedia, audio, FTP, PDF, and MS
  Word files from around the world.
• MSN Search The new MSN Search makes it easier
  and faster to find just what youre after. With
  results from MSN Music, MSN Encarta and even
  your own desktop, MSN Search gives you all the
  tools you need to make the most of your time.
• Duck Duck Go

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Search Engines Toolbars

• Yahoo! Toolbar CompanionStanford University
  graduate students Jerry Yang and David Filo
  created this popular Web portal in 1994. It
  remains a favorite for email, photo sharing (it
  owns Flickr) and other services.

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More search engines
Ask ToolbarSearch the Web, your desktop or your
email directly from your browser using the Ask
Toolbar. Personalize your search experience with
saved locations, your local news and read the
latest news in your toolbar.

• Google ToolbarAs you type a search query into
  the new Toolbars search box, youll see a list
  of useful suggestions based on popular Google
  searches, spelling corrections and your own
  Toolbar search history and bookmarks.
• MSN ToolbarSearch the web, start MSN Hotmail, or
  open MSN Messenger all without leaving the page
  youre on