Soil nutrient status and okra pod yield as influenced by plant density and cow dung manure application Law-Ogbomo, K.E., Osaigbovo, A.U. and Ogedegbe, S.A. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Soil nutrient status and okra pod yield as influenced by plant density and cow dung manure application Law-Ogbomo, K.E., Osaigbovo, A.U. and Ogedegbe, S.A.

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Soil nutrient status and okra pod yield as influenced by plant density and cow dung manure application Law-Ogbomo, K.E., Osaigbovo, A.U. and Ogedegbe, S.A. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Soil nutrient status and okra pod yield as influenced by plant density and cow dung manure application Law-Ogbomo, K.E., Osaigbovo, A.U. and Ogedegbe, S.A.


1
Soil nutrient status and okra pod yield as
influenced by plant density and cow dung manure
applicationLaw-Ogbomo, K.E., Osaigbovo, A.U.
and Ogedegbe, S.A.
2
INTRODUCTION
  • Crop productivity (soil nutrient and plant
    density)
  • Impoverished tropical soils (Akanbi and
    Togun,2002)
  • Inorganic vs. Organic fertilizers
    (Aiyelaagbe,2011 Idachaba, 2004)
  • Plant density affects yield (Weiner,1990 Gupta
    et al., 2004)

3
Objectives of the study
  • Effects of cow dung and plant density on
  • 1) soil nutrient status
  • 2) pod yield of okra
  • In a degraded soil in humid rain forest zone (Edo
    State, Nigeria)

4
Materials and Methods
  • Two-year field study at University of Benin
    Research farm
  • Two factors (Cow dung and Plant density)
  • Cow dung (0, 300,450 kg /ha )
  • Plant density (47619, 66666, 83333 pph)
  • Soil analysis (Pre-sowing and post-harvest) based
    on Mylavarapus and Kennelley (2002) method.

5
Materials and Methods contd.
  • 3 x 3 factorial in RCBD replicated three times
  • Plots were 2 m x 1.5 m in size
  • Okra cultivar (NHAc-47-4)
  • Okra seeds were cold water treated for 12 hrs
    before sowing
  • Weed and pest control carried out as required
  • Okra pods harvested thrice
  • Data combined for analysis using Genstat, 2005
  • Means separated with LSD at 5 level of
    probability

6
Table 1 Physical and chemical properties of the
soil prior to cropping with okra
  • Soil properties
    Value Critical Level
  • Sand (g /kg)
    790.00 -
  • Silt (g /kg)
    30.00 -
  • Clay (g/kg)
    180.00 -
  • pH (water)
    4.80 -
  • Organic carbon ()
    0.95 1.16
  • Total nitrogen ()
    0.07 0.15
  • Available P (mg /kg)
    19.90 8.50
  • Exchangeable cation (cmol /kg)
  • Ca
    2.69 1.50
  • Mg
    1.17 0.28
  • Na
    0.59 -
  • K
    0.37 0.16
  • Ca/Mg
    5.36 3.00
  • Ibude et al.(1988)

7
Table 3 Soil properties after cow dung
application prior to cropping with okra
  • Cow dung (kg/ha N) pH(water) Organic C ()
    Total N () Available P (mg /kg)
  • 0 4.82
    0.95 0.07
    19.90
  • 300 5.50
    1.27 0.10
    27.60
  • 450 5.56
    1.36 0.10
    22.10
  • LSD(0.05) 0.560
    0.173 0.013
    7.370
  • Cow dung (kg/ha N) Exchangeable
    cations (cmol kg-1)
  • Ca
    Mg Na
    K
  • 0 2.69
    1.17 0.56
    0.37
  • 300 4.55
    1.96 0.63
    1.00
  • 450 4.69
    2.00 0.61
    1.07
  • LSD(0.05) 1.227
    0.716 0.039
    0.383

8
Table 4a The effect of cow dung application on
soil chemical properties after cropping with okra
  • Cow dung (kg/ha N) pH(water) Organic C ()
    Total N () Available P (mg /kg)
  • 0 4.81
    0.68 0.05
    12.51
  • 300 6.99
    0.78 0.06
    17.53
  • 450 7.19
    0.84 0.07
    13.88
  • LSD(0.05) 0.484
    NS 0.019
    4.634
  • Cow dung (kg/ha N) Exchangeable
    cations (cmol kg-1)
  • Ca
    Mg Na
    K
  • 0
    1.98 0.59
    0.22 0.1
  • 300 1.87
    0.64 0.28
    0.12
  • 450 2.10
    0.86 0.27
    0.07
  • LSD(0.05) NS
    NS NS
    NS

9
Table 4b The effect of plant density on soil
chemical properties after cropping with okra
  • Plant density (pph) pH(water) Organic
    C () Total N () Available P (mg /kg)
  • 47619 7.04
    0.84 0.07
    6.85
  • 66666 6.73
    0.81 0.06
    19.37
  • 83333 6.61
    0.64 0.07
    17.69
  • LSD(0.05) NS
    NS NS
    4.634
  • Plant density (pph)
    Exchangeable cations (cmol kg-1)
  • Ca
    Mg Na
    K
  • 47619 1.82
    0.83 0.26
    0.08
  • 66666 2.25
    0.67 0.28
    0.13
  • 83333 1.88
    0.64 0.27
    0.08
  • LSD(0.05) NS
    NS NS
    NS

10
Table 5Effects of plant density and cow dung
application on pod yield of okra

  • Pod yield
  • Cow dung (kg/ha N) g/ stand
    t/ha
  • 0 9.78
    0.60
  • 300 32.36
    2.05
  • 450 33.05
    2.11
  • LSD(0.05) 2.308
    0.113
  • Plant density (pph)
  • 47617 30.92
    1.47
  • 66666 24.03
    1.60
  • 83333 20.24
    1.69
  • LSD (0.05) 2.308
    0.113
  • LSD (0.05) CD X PD 3.998
    0.195

11
Table 6 Interactive effects of plant density and
cow dung application on pod yield of okra

  • Pod
    yield
  • Plant density(pph) Cow dung (kg/ha N)
    g/stand t/ha
  • 47619 0
    13.51 0.64
  • 300
    39.97
    1.90

  • 450 39.97
    1.97
  • 66666 0
    8.95 0.60

  • 300 30.70
    2.05

  • 450 32.45
    2.16
  • 83333 0
    6.88 0.57

  • 300 26.40
    2.20

  • 450 27.44
    2.29
  • LSD (0.05) Plant density x cow dung
    3.998 0.20

12
Discussion
  • Soil test results indicated low native fertility
  • Cow dung had appreciable nutrient content which
    improved soil properties (Besho and Bell,1992)
  • Pod yield reduced with higher plant density
  • Pod yield increased with cow dung application
    and higher plant density

13
Conclusion
  • Okra produced optimum yield when grown with cow
    dung application (300 kg/ ha N) and plant
    population (83333 pph)
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