ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY

1

• ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
• Flames
• Electrothermal Atomizers
• Plasmas

2
X laser plasmas stellar interior
3
Na
Mg
4
Na Spectrum
5
(No Transcript)
6
(No Transcript)
7
(No Transcript)
8
Combustion zones in the common Bunsen Burner
9
Combustion zones in a pre-mixed, elongated,
laminar flame
10
Temperature profiles for a natural gas-air flame.
11
(No Transcript)
12
Air-Acetylene Flame Fuel-air ratios
13
How do we introduce liquid samples into the
flame? Direct Insertion
Total Consumption Burner
14
Total Consumption Burner
15
VERY NOISY!!
Total Consumption Burner
16
Plan B Use a nebulizer
17
Concentric nebulizer
Crossed-flow nebulizer
18
Ball-type Babington nebulizer for viscous samples
V-Groove Babington nebulizer
19
Pre-mixed flame system with concentric nebulizer
and spray chamber
20
Perkin-Elmer Burner System
21
Burner Head Design (Looking down from above)
Emission/Fluorescence
Absorption
22
Fraction of analyte present as neutral free
gaseous atom in the flame
23
Background Emission from Flames
Oxygen - Hydrogen
Oxygen - Acetylene
Nitrous oxide - Acetylene
24
Flame Absorption Profiles vary by element
25
Signals also vary with sample flow rate
26
Block Diagram of a Flame Emission Spectrometer
27
Schematic Diagram of a single-beam atomic
absorption spectrometer
28
The monochromator in an atomic absorption
experiment simply isolates the appropriate
spectral line from all of the lines emitted by
the light source
29
Atomic Absorption Spectrometers
30
Continuum Source Background Correction
31
Continuum Source Background Correction
32
Representative Flame Detection Limits (ng/mL)