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How Minerals Form In general, minerals form in two ways:

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How Minerals Form In general, minerals form in two ways: By crystallization of magma & lava By crystallization of materials dissolved in water. Crystallization is the ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: How Minerals Form In general, minerals form in two ways:


1
How Minerals FormIn general, minerals form in
two ways
  • By crystallization of magma lava
  • By crystallization of materials dissolved in
    water.

2
Crystallization is the process by which atoms are
arranged to form a material with a crystal
structure.
3
A geode is a rounded hollow rock that is often
lined with mineral crystals.
4
Minerals From Magma Lava
  • Minerals form as hot magma cools inside the crust
    or when lava hardens on the surface.

5
The size of the crystal depends upon several
factors
  • The rate (speed) at which the molten material
    cools.
  • The amount of gas in the molten material.
  • The chemical composition of the molten material
    (or what elements/chemicals make up the molten
    rock.

6
Magma deep inside the earth takes thousands of
years to cool. Slow cooling results in large
crystals.
7
Magma close to the earths surface or lava that
cools on the surface will cool more quickly.
8
Rapid cooling results in small crystals.sometimes
microscopic.
9
Minerals From Solutions
  • Elements/Compounds
  • that form minerals
  • may sometimes be
  • dissolved in water to
  • form a solution.

10
When elements/compounds that are dissolved in
water leave a solution, crystallization can occur.
11
Minerals Formed by Evaporation
  • Some minerals form when solutions evaporate.
    Large deposits of halite in the USA formed this
    way.

12
Minerals From Hot Water Solutions
  • Underground, magma
  • can heat water to high
  • temperatures.
  • Elements/Compounds
  • may become dissolved
  • in this hot solution.

13
When the water solution cools the elements and
compounds crystallize as minerals.
14
Pure metals that crystallize from hot water
solutions underground often form veins.
15
A vein is a narrow channel or slab of a mineral
that is different from the surrounding rock.
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