HIGH PRESSURE STUDIES IN MINERALOGY AT ESRF SYNCHROTRON

1
HIGH PRESSURE STUDIES IN MINERALOGY AT ESRF
SYNCHROTRON

• Davide Levy
• European Synchrotron Radiation Facilities,
• BP 220 F-38043 Grenoble CEDEX, France
• E-mail Levy_at_ESRF.FR

2

• PRESSURE (bar)
• 10-31 Non equilibrium "pressure" of
  hydrogen gas in intergalactic space.
• 10-22 Non equilibrium "pressure" of cosmic
  microwave background radiation.
• 10-19 Pressure in interplanetary space.
• 10-16 Best vacuum achieved in laboratory.
• 10-13 Atmospheric pressure at altitude of
  300 miles.
• 10-10 Pressure of strong sunlight at
  surface of earth.
• 10-7 Partial pressure of hydrogen in
  atmosphere at sea level.
• 10-6 Best vacuum attainable with mechanical
  pump.-Radiation pressure at surface of sun.
• 10-4 Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in
  atmosphere at sea level.
• 10-3 Vapour pressure of water at triple
  point of water.
• 10-2 Pressure inside light bulb.
• 10-1 Atmospheric pressure at summit of
  Mount Everest.
• 1 Atmospheric pressure at sea level.
• 10 Maximum pressure inside cylinder of high
  compression engine-Air pressure in high-pressure
  bicycle tyre.
• 102 Steam pressure in boiler of a power
  plant.-Peak pressure of fist on concrete during
  karate strike.
• 103 Pressure at greatest depths in oceans.
• 104 Pressure at which mercury solidifies at
  room temperature.-Pressure at which graphite
  becomes diamond.
• 105 Highest pressure attainable in laboratory
  before diamond anvil cell

3
The High Pressure mineralogy at ID9

• Instrumentation -general features -optics -Dia
  mond Anvil Cell -ruby fluorescence system
• Mineralogical studies at HP -Spinels -Andradite
  -Omphacite -Zeolite (scolecite)

4
Principal features of ID9

• Insertion devices 70mm Wiggler 46mm
  Ondulator
• Optics for HPVertical mirror Bended Laue
  monochromator (Bragg-Bragg monochromator)
• Beam dimension 30x30?m (typical) 15x15?m
  (possible)

5
Optics Hutch
6
Experimental Hutch
7
Laue Bended Monochromator
8
Diamond Anvil Cell (2)
9
Diamond Anvil Cell (3)
Gas in
Gas out
10
Diamond Anvil Cell (1)
11
Pressure Determination
12
Spinel at HP (1)
13
Spinel at HP (2)
14
Spinel at HP (3)
ZnFe2O4 HP-Phase
Fe3O4 HP-Phase(Fei et al. 1999)
15
Andradite at HP (1)
16
Andradite at HP (2)
17
Omphacite-P2/n at HP (1)
18
Omphacite at HP (2)
19
Zeolites at HP