Robot Safety

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Robot Safety By Roger Lim, MIE Aust, CPEng Plant
Safety Solutions 0409 774 519
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Three Laws of Robotics

• 1. A robot must not harm a human being, nor
  through inaction allow one to come to harm.
• 2. A robot must always obey human beings, unless
  that is in conflict with the first law.
• 3. A robot must protect itself from harm, unless
  that is in conflict with the first or second laws.

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Legislative Requirements
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OHS Act

• Duties of Employers
• An employer shall provide and maintain so far as
  is practicable foremployees a working
  environment that is safe and without risk to
  health.
• Provide and maintain safe plant and systems of
  work so far as is practicable, safe and
  without risks to health.
• To ensure safe handling, storage and transport
  of plant and substances.
• To maintain a workplace that is safe and
  without risk to health.
• To provide adequate welfare facilities for
  employees at the workplace.
• To provide information, instruction, training
  and supervision to employees.

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OHS Act

• Duties of Manufacturer, etc.
• Includes a person who DESIGNS, MANUFACTURES,
  IMPORTS OR SUPPLIES any plant.
• Ensures that the plant is safe and without
  risk to health.
• Arrange and carry out testing as required.
• Provide information to ensure safe use.

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OHS Act

• Duties of Employee
• Takes care of own health and safety and
  that of others.
• Shall not interfere or misuse anything
  provided for health and safety.
• Shall not willfully place at risk health
  and safety of any person.

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Plant Safety Regulations

• Major Emphasis
• To carry out hazard identification, risk
  assessmentand apply appropriate risk controls
• Specific obligations on Designers,
  Manufacturers,Erectors, Installers, Employers
  and
• Considers various stages in life of plant
  design, construction, installation,
  commissioning, detection, maintenance, use,
  set-up, cleaning, repair,dismantling, storage,
  disposal.

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Relevant Robot Safety Standards

• AS 2939-1987 Industrial robot systems Safe
  design and usage
• IS0 10218 (EN 775) Manipulating industrial robots
  Safety
• ANSI/RIA R15.06-1999 Industrial robots and robot
  systems Safety requirements
• HSE 43Industrial robot safety

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Relevant Machine Safety Standards

• AS 4024.1 - 2006 Safety of machinery
• AS 1755 - 2000 Conveyors Safety requirements
• AS 3000 Wiring Rules
• AS 60204 Electrical equipment of machines
• Etc..

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AS 4024.1 - 2006Safety of machinery, Part 1
General principles

• Contain general underlying principles for the
  safety of machine systems with well defined
  selection of types of guards.
• Adopted 26 International (ISO/IEC/EN) Standards

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AS 4024.1301 Risk Assessment - Principles of
risk assessment
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AS 4024.1501-2006
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Guard Types
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AS 62061-2006

• Safety of machinery
• Functional safety of safety-related electrical,
  electronic and programmable electronic control
  system

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Equivalent SIL Cat.

• Quantitative
• Safety PLCs
• SIL 1
• SIL 2
• SIL 3

• Qualitative
• Safety relays
• Cat. 2
• Cat. 3
• Cat. 4

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Suspension of safety function

• Where power is necessary, e.g. set-up
• Disable other controls
• Use of hold-to-run controls
• Reduced speed, travel, power
• Access to emergency stop control

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Summary of Robot Safety

• DESIGN guards that are practicable and
  operable, considering types and frequency of
  access
• Meet relevant Standards
• Must not be easily defeated
• Must not create additional risk

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Thankyou.