Forest fire hazard mitigation in Lebanon using remote sensing and GIS

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Forest fire hazard mitigation in Lebanon using
remotesensing and GIS

• Towards a sustainable mechanism
• for
• forest fire fighting in Lebanon

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Ghaleb Faour, CNRS Lebanon
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Objective

• The specific objective of this project was to
  implement Geographic Forest Fire Information
  System including the database collection and
  analysis, development of a fire risk map at the
  National level and at municipality level for the
  five pilot areas namely Ramlieh, Kornayel, Ras El
  Matn, Dmit and Mtein.

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Forest fire hazard mitigation in Lebanon using
remotesensing and GIS
Fire database
Collection of forest fire archives

• Lebanese Civil Defense (2002-2003)
• Newspaper Al Nahar (1983 2003)
• Ministry of Environment (1994-1998)
• Ministry of Agriculture (1996-2002)
• General Directory of Civil Aviation-Meteorological
  Department (2002-2003)

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Forest fire hazard mitigation in Lebanon using
remotesensing and GIS
Fire database
Data conversion and management
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(No Transcript)
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Forest fire hazard mitigation in Lebanon using
remotesensing and GIS
Fire database
Statistical analysis
Starting Time Number of fires Number of fires Number of fires Number of fires Number of fires Number of fires
Starting Time 1983-2001 1983-2001 2002 2002 2003 2003
0000-0600 a.m. 15 2 80 3 50 3
0600-1200 a.m. 244 29 821 31 401 26
1200-1800 p.m. 491 59 1324 50 829 54
1800-0000 p.m. 79 10 417 16 270 17
Fuel type 1983-2001 2002 2003 1983-2003
Thicket 33.2 32 34 33
Dry herbs 4.5 7 1 4.5
Pine forests 10.5 5.5 8 8
Oak forests 6.8 7.5 11.2 8.4
Cypress forests 1 0.9 1.6 1.2
Wild areas 2.1 5.5 4.3 4
Olives 13.5 18.1 15.2 16
Fruit trees 17.4 13.5 13 14.5
Mixed types 9.3 9.1 10.2 9.5
Other types 1.7 0.9 1.5 0.9
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Causes of forest fire occurrence
Natural conditions
Anthropic conditions
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Forest fire hazard mitigation in Lebanon using
remotesensing and GIS
Identification of burnt areas
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Forest fire hazard mitigation in Lebanon using
remotesensing and GIS
Fire Risk Map
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Forest fire hazard mitigation in Lebanon using
remotesensing and GIS
Forest Fire Risk Map
Fire occurrence map
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Forest fire hazard mitigation in Lebanon using
remotesensing and GIS
National Forest Fire Risk Map
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Fire Risk Map at Municipality level

• Same methodology
• local parameters
• Higher precision
• - Slope/Aspect from contours lines 10m
• - Landuse updated at 1/5000
• - Evapo-transpiration/nb of fires the same
• - NDVI from SPOT image (10m resolution)

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Data collection
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Forest fire hazard mitigation in Lebanon using
remotesensing and GIS
Fire Risk Map at municipality level
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Forest fire hazard mitigation in Lebanon using
remotesensing and GIS
Fire Risk Map at municipality level
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Conclusion

• The obtained forest fire risk maps can be used in
  assigning in tactical decisions on prioritizing
  fires for initial attack.
• They give an indication of forest fires at
  long-term and they will be utilized by
  policy-makers to protect area suffering from
  fires.
• More work is required to better quantify values
  and risks, as well as suppression capability.
• The incorporation of a spatial climate model
  would improve fire behavior predictions.