Motivational Interviewing

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Motivational Interviewing

• A Brief Introduction

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The Evolution ofMotivational Interviewing

• Crisis Intervention Theory People have
  different levels of motivation. It is much easier
  to help them when their motivation to make a
  change is high.

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The Evolution ofMotivational Interviewing

• The Transtheoretical Model Researchers
  discovered that people actually go through five
  separate stages in the change process and they
  move through these stages in different ways.

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The Evolution ofMotivational Interviewing

• Motivational Interviewing Perhaps we can
  develop therapeutic techniques that would help us
  to help people raise their motivation levels.
  This would, in turn, help them to get better.

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Motivational Interviewing is one of the most
research-based treatment models ever developed
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It is always necessary to use Motivational
Interviewing principles no matter what other
theoretical model you might use (CBT, DBT,
Rogerian, etc.)
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Understanding Motivation

• Ambivalence about change is normal
• Change is often nonlinear
• Readiness is not static
• Attend to readiness in your work

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Why the use of Motivational Interviewing is so
important

• Each individual will be at a different point with
  their motivation to change
• This is a perfectly normal part of being human
  we shouldnt treat somebody as being sick or
  wrong simply because they arent motivated to
  change as much as we believe that they should
  be

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Why the use of Motivational Interviewing is so
important

• It is the clinicians job to HELP the consumer
  with his or her motivation level
• This process starts by learning to meet the
  consumer where he/she is at the time

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Why the use of Motivational Interviewing is so
important

• Many of our consumers feel hopeless about the
  possibility of recovery
• It is our job to provide hope when the consumer
  has none!

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How many people does it take to change a light
bulb?

• Only one, but the light bulb must really want to
  change!

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The most important Skill Sets for Motivational
Interviewing

• Identifying the stage of change
• Using the four foundational principles

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The Stages of Change

• At a minimum, all clinicians at Cummins will have
  a basic, working familiarity with the stages of
  change
• But to truly master Motivational Interviewing,
  you need to be able to monitor the consumers
  stage of change constantly and adapt your
  approach accordingly.

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The Stages of Change

• Precontemplation
• Contemplation
• Preparation/Planning
• Action
• Maintenance

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Four Foundational Principles

• Express empathy
• Develop discrepancy
• Roll with resistance
• Support self-efficacy

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Of these four principles, Developing
Discrepancy is the one that actually gets things
resolved. And please notice that it is the
CONSUMER who resolves the discrepancy, not the
clinician.
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This is an incrediblypowerful approach!

• After all, the consumer is the one who stands to
  benefit from the change and is the one who will
  have to change the behaviors.
• Therefore, it is only the consumers reasons for
  making the change that matter, not the
  clinicians.

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This means thatMotivational Interviewing is

• A collaborative approach, not a confrontational
  approach
• Accomplishes its goal through the empowerment of
  the consumer

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Summary

• MI is evidence-based and is built upon a
  realistic understanding of how human motivation
  works.
• It can be used along with any other treatment
  model.
• It is a collaborative model built upon empowering
  the consumer and helping him/her find his/her own
  reasons to make a positive change, and then
  reinforcing these reasons.

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Questions? / Comments?
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Thank you for your participation!
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Additional Resources

• Motivational Interviewing Preparing people to
  change addictive behavior, Miller Rollnick,
  1991
• Building Motivational Interviewing Skills A
  practitioner workbook, Rosengren, 2009
• A Toolkit of Motivational Skills, second edition,
  Fuller Taylor, 2008