Water and Energy Nexus: Reverse Osmosis in Desalination and Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO) in Power Generation By Randy Truby Toray Membrane USA, Inc.

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Water and Energy Nexus Reverse Osmosis in
Desalinationand Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO)
in Power Generation ByRandy TrubyToray
Membrane USA, Inc.
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Toray Industries

• Toray is a World Leader in Water Supply and
  Wastewater Reclamation using RO Membranes
• Reverse Osmosis Process
• Seawater Desalination
• Wastewater Treatment and Reclaim
• Industrial use
• Food Separations

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Outline of Toray Industries, Inc.
Founded January 1926 Net Sales (Year ended on
March 31, 2008) 16,464 million USD Employees
(As of March 31, 2008) 38,565 Main Business
Manufacturing and sales of the following
products 1. Fibers and Textiles Nylon,
polyester, acrylics, ETC 2. Plastics and
Chemicals Nylon, ABS resins, polyester, PP
films, etc. 3. IT Related Products Plastic
materials, LCD color filters, PDP materials,
etc. 4. Carbon Fiber Composite Materials
Carbon fibers, carbon fiber composite 5.
Environment and Engineering Housing Building
Materials, Environment Equipment, Membrane
Water Treatment System, Plant Engineering
Machinery 6. Life Science and Other
Businesses Pharmaceuticals and Medical Products
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Membrane Products Line-up of Toray
Size
0.001 ?
0.01 ?
0.1 ?
1 ?
10 ?
High molecular weight polymer
Ion, Low molecule weight organics
Separation materials
Colloid
Agricultural Chemical
Clay
Trihalomethane
Cryptosporidium
Coliform
Virus
Monovalent Ions
Multivalent Ions
Bacteria
Type
NF (Nano-filtration)
MF (Micro-filtration)
UF (Ultra-filtration)
RO (Reverse Osmosis)
Appli-cation
Municipal Drinking Water, Pretreatment for RO
Process
MBR (Membrane Bio or Reactor) for Waste Water
Treatment
Ultra Pure Water, Seawater and Brackish Water
Desalination, Waste Water Recycling
Softening, Removal of Toxic substance
Torays membrane products
MF/UF Module
MF Module for MBR
RO/ NF Element
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Global RO/NF Market Size - 2009
Total Sales 465 Million USD
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Global RO/NF Market Growth Forecast

• of growth
• Seawater Desalination 19
• Wastewater Reclamation 12
• Ultrapure Water 03
• Brackish Water Treatment 04
• Specialty Separations (food, pharma) 10
• Nanofiltration 10
• Overall Growth Rate 09

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High Recovery Seawater Desalination Plant in
Trinidad and Tobago
Started on March 2002 - 6 years reliable
operation with Torays RO
Capacity 136,000m3/d Membrane Type 1st Pass
SU-820 2nd Pass SUL-G20F Recovery Rate
1st Pass 53, 2nd Pass 94.5 The
largest BCS (Brine Conversion System) SWRO plant
in the world 2nd Pass RO system is applied for
low salinity permeate
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High Boron Rejection Seawater Desalination Plant
in Singapore
2-pass system with alkaline dosing is applied
for Boron removal
Capacity 136,000m3/d Membrane Type 1st Pass
TM820H-400B 2nd Pass TM720-430 Boron
regulation lt0.5mg/l Recovery Rate 1st
Pass 45, 2nd Pass 90,
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Wastewater Reuse Plant using Less-fouliungRO
membrane in Sulaibuya, Kuwait
Stable Operation form start operation in
March 320,000 m3/d, a Largest Wastewater Reuse
Plant in the World
Water quality Secondary effluent treated water DW Guideline of WHO
pH 7 6-9 6.5-8.5
TSS(mg/l) 12 lt1 -
BOD (mg/l) 5 lt1 -
Ammonia nitrogen (mg/l) lt2 lt1 -
Nitrate nitrogen (mg/l) lt9 lt1 10
Phosphoric acid (mg/l) lt15 2 -
TDS (mg/l) lt1280 100 1000
Less Fouling RO membrane
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Osmotic Power

• Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO) can generate
  200-300 psi pressure
• Osmotic Pressure can be harnessed to produce
  electricity.
• Osmotic Power is a New concept
• Prototype Running in Tofte, Norway
• Demonstration Plant in the near future
• Osmotic Power may be supplied to the Grid, just
  as Wind, Wave, and Solar generated power are today

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Osmotic Power

• To generate electricity using Osmotic Energy
• Seawater, Fresh Water and Membrane
• Development of Element is necessary
• Big Potential Market (MW power plant needs
  200,000 m2 of membrane)
• Started talking with Statkraft, a Power Company
  in Norway.

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WHY OSMOTIC POWER?

• Baseload
• Small ecological footprint
• Decentralised source of energy
• Based on proven technology

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• Proof of concept
• System scale-up
• Moving down the learning curve...
• Membrane and component testing and optimisation
• Operation and maintenance experience
• Meeting place for manufactures and utilities

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TOFTE PROTOTYPE A CATALYST

• Manufacturers invited to test technology at Tofte
• Tofte to become a preferred location for
  technical OP research
• Tofte capabilities make Statkraft an attractive
  partner for membrane component manufacturers

• Increase awareness of osmotic power
• Use Tofte as a lobbying tool for financial
  support
• Relationship building
• Invite representatives from sites deemed
  attractive for pilot and demo plants
• Strengthen position of core business
• E.g. promote Statkraft's osmotic power
  capabilities as a means to improve access for
  hydropower developments1

• Create demand for osmotic power
• Geographical reach
• Osmotic knowledge facilitates partnerships for
  developments in Statkraft's non-core geographies

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CONCLUDING REMARKS

• Osmotic power can provide clean baseload energy,
  but cost reductions, a conducive policy framework
  and a critical mass of developers are required to
  succeed.
• Existing RO membranes and modules are NOT
  applicable for osmotic power. PRO membrane
  manufactured using nano-technology may provide
  the best solution.
• Prototype systems are focused on developing new
  membrane modules, improved pre-treatment and
  membrane maintenance protocol.
• Prototype and pilot demonstration plants are
  supporting and accelerating the development
  towards commercialization

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