The United States and the Post World War I Order

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The United States and the Post World War I Order

• 1920-41

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The League of Nations

• Recap of Wilson and League of Nations
• Wilson vs. Senate
• Consequences of US non-involvement

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Problems after World War I

• Large numbers in casualties
• Economic

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Post World War I Europe
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France

• Impact of World War I
• Demanded reparations from Germany

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Britain

• Consequences of Victory
• Economic Decline

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Britain

• Problems in the British Empire
• White colonies
• India
• Ireland

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Russia

• Russian Revolution (1917)
• Russia becomes the first Communist nation
• Russian Civil War (1917-22)

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Russia

• Lenin takes full control
• War communism
• New Economic Policy

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Russia

• Lenin
• Dies in 1924
• Leon Trotsky and Josef Stalin compete for power

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Germany

• Weimar Republic formed in 1918
• Democratic state, but no one wants it
• Political Instability
• Treaty of Versailles
• Reparations

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Germany

• Adolf Hitler (1889-1945)
• Background
• National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi) in
  1920
• Attempted Takeover in 1923

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Italy

• Gained the least from the war
• Benito Mussolini (1883-1945)
• Fascism

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Postwar Europe

• Postwar Europe begins to stabilize by 1925
• New system of reparations

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Role of the US in Post War Europe

• US role in international affairs
• Washington Naval Conference 1921-22
• Open Door Policy

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Postwar Europe

• Treaty of Locarno (1925)
• Kellogg-Briande Pact (1928)

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The Great Depression

• The 1920s were a period of economic prosperity
• In Europe and the United States
• The United States dominated world trade
• US loans and investments kept European economy
  going

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The Great Depression

• Prosperity was unsustainable
• Agricultural overproduction
• Role of American investment

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The Crash of 1929

• Stock Market crash in Wall Street October 29,
  1929
• Created ripple effect throughout the world in the
  next few months
• The Great Depression followed
• Not just an American phenomenon
• A global economic slowdown

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Germany

• Depression weakened support for the Weimar
  Republic

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Germany

• Elections held in 1932
• Nazis won 37 of the seats in Reichstag
• Hitler appointed Chancellor on January 30, 1933

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Germany

• Hitler consolidates his power in 1933
• Reichstag fire, February 27, 1933
• Enabling Act passed March 23, 1933

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Germany

• Hitler eliminates internal competition
• Purges Nazi party of SA (Stormtroopers)
• Hitler becomes both President and Chancellor on
  August 2, 1934

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Germany

• Hitler and Anti-Semitism
• Blamed Jews for Germanys problems
• Nazis passed Nuremberg laws (1935)

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Germany

• Hitlers Economic Policies
• Tax breaks for families
• Heavy government spending

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Italy

• Mussolini and Fascists take over Italy in 1922
• One-party state
• Fascists made deal with big business
• Signs agreement with the Vatican in 1929

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Soviet Union

• Centralized Planning
• New Economic Policy discarded
• Heavy industrialization
• Collectivization of agriculture

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Soviet Union

• Stalins Purges (1936-38)
• Stalin eliminates potential rivals
• Millions of people arrested, deported, executed,
  or disappeared

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The United States and Latin America

• Latin America
• Politically independent since the early 19th
  century
• Under influence of the United States
• informal imperialism

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The United States and Latin America

• Latin American nations tried to escape American
  domination
• Resentment of American interventions
• Rise of Marxism
• Good Neighbor Policy

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The United Statesand Latin America
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Causes of World War II in Europe

• Hitler begins to scrap Versailles after 1933
• Rearmament
• Remilitarization of the Rhineland

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Causes of World War IIin Europe

• Appeasement
• British motives
• French motives

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Causes of World War IIin Europe

• Hitler redraws Germanys borders
• Austria (1938)
• Czechoslovakia
• Poland

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Causes of World War IIin Asia

• Japan
• One of the victors of the First World War
• Japanese ambitions

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Causes of World War IIin Asia

• Political instability in Japan
• Japans response to Great Depression

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