Engines and Motors

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Engines and Motors
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Types

• Internal Combustion Engines
• External Combustion Engines

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Internal Combustion-Basic Parts

• Crankcase
• Crankshaft
• Piston
• Piston Rings
• Connecting Rod
• 4-Stroke Engine
• Valvetrain
• Camshaft
• Valves

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Crankcase

• Main Structural component of the engine.

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Piston

• Cylindrical part fitted in a cylinder
• Transmits power created by the combusting fuel
  air

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Piston Rings

• Seals the Piston to the Cylinder Wall

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Connecting Rod

• Links Crankshaft to Piston

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Crankshaft

• Converts the Linear motion of the piston to a
  Rotary motion.

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4-Stroke Engine-Valvetrain

• Camshaft
• Operates Valves
• Valves
• Open and Close Ports

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Internal Combustion Engines

• 4-Stroke Gas
• 2-Stroke Gas

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4-Stroke Gas Engines

• 4 Stroke / Cycle
• Intake
• Compression
• Power
• Exhaust

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Intake Stroke

• Piston moves down drawing in fuel and air.

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4-Stroke Gas Engines - Intake
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4-Stroke Gas Engines - Compression

• Piston moves up, squeezing the fuel and air

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4-Stroke Gas Engines - Compression
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4-Stroke Gas Engines - Power

• Near Top Dead Center spark ignites the fuel and
  air combusting the vapor forcing the piston down.

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4-Stroke Gas Engines - Power
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4-Stroke Gas Engines - Exhaust

• Piston moves up forcing out the spent gasses

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4-Stroke Gas Engines - Exhaust
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4-Stroke Gas Engines

• 4-Stroke In Action
• Pros
• Easy to Refuel
• Light Weight
• Inexpensive
• Cons
• Only 30 Efficient

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2-Stroke Gas Engines

• Completes the 4-cycles in 2-strokes
• No Valvetrain
• Uses Transfer Ports

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2-Stroke Gas Engines

• 2-Stroke in action
• Advantages
• Less Moving Parts
• Light Weight
• Twice as Powerful
• Operating Position
• Disadvantages
• Frequent Rebuilds
• Pollution
• Burns Oil

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External Combustion Engines

• Steam Engines
• Rocket Engines

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Steam Engines

• Steam engines were the first engine type to see
  widespread use.
• Used to pump water

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Steam Engines
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Rocket Engines

• Rocket engines are reaction engines.
• Two Types
• Solid Fuel
• Liquid Fuel

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Solid Liquid Fuel
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The End
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