Developing an AVR Microcontroller System

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Developing an AVR Microcontroller System
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Table of Content

• Introducing Microcontrollers
• About AVR
• AVR Mega8 Architecture
• AVR Programming Interface
• Demo Hello World AVR Design.
• Demo Hardware Design
• Demo Programming

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1. Introducing Microcontrollers
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Introducing Microcontrollers

• A microprocessor is a central processing unit
  (CPU) on a single chip.
• When a microprocessor and associated support
  circuitry, peripheral I/O components and memory
  (program as well as data) were put together to
  form a small computer specifically for data
  acquisition and control applications, it was
  called a microcomputer.

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Introducing Microcontrollers

• When the components that make a microcomputer
  were put together on a single chip of silicon, it
  was called the microcontroller.

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Microcontrollers
A microcontroller interfaces to external devices
with a minimum of external components
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Relevance of Microcontrollers

• A recent white paper by Sun Microsystems claims
  that by the end of the decade, an average home
  will contain between 50 to 100 microcontrollers
  controlling digital phones, microwave ovens,
  VCRs, televisions sets and television remotes,
  dishwashers, home security systems, PDAs etc.
• An average car has about 15 processors the 1999
  Mercedes S-class car has 63 microprocessors,
  while the 1999 BMW has 65 processors!
• Except perhaps the human body, microprocessors
  and microcontrollers have gotten into everything
  around us.

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2. About AVR
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AVR General Features

• Enhanced RISC architecture with mostly
  fixed-length instruction, load-store memory
  access and 32 general-purpose registers.
• A two-stage instruction pipeline that speeds up
  execution
• Majority of instructions take one clock cycle
• Up to 10-MHz clock operation

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AVR General Features

• Wide variety of on-chip peripherals, including
  digital I/O, ADC, EEPROM, Timer, UART, RTC timer,
  PWM etc
• Internal program and data memory.
• In-System programmable (ISP)
• Available in 8-pin to 64-pin size to suit wide
  variety of applications

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AVR General Features

• Up to 12 times performance speedup over
  conventional CISC controllers.
• Wide operating voltage from 2.7V to 6.0V
• Simple architecture offers a small learning curve
  to the uninitiated.

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AVR Growing Family
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3. AVR Mega8 Architecture
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AVR Mega8 Features

• 8-Kbyte self-programming Flash Program Memory
• 1-Kbyte SRAM
• 512 Byte EEPROM
• 6 or 8 Channel 10-bit A/D-converter.
• Up to 16 MIPS throughput at 16 Mhz.
• 2.7 - 5.5 Volt operation.

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AVR Architecture
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AVR A single chip solution
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AVR A single chip solution
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High-Level Integration
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AVR Influenced by IAR Systems
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Code Size and Execution Time
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Real life Applications
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Comparison of Code Size
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4. AVR Programming Interface
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Parallel Port in-System-Programmer
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5. Demo Hello World AVR Design
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Hello World AVR Design

• The purpose of this demo is
• to design a simple AVR system
• Interface it to and LCD display
• Program it to display Hello World

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6. Demo Hardware Design
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AT Mega 8 Pinout
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LCD Interface
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Interfacing LCD to AVR
LCD Interface AVR Port
RS PORTC.2
RW PORTC.3
E PORTC.4
DATA PORTD
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7. DEMO Programming
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Software Tools needed

• AVR Studio
• GCC
• AVRLibs
• PonyProg

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From AVR Lib...

• Include the following files in your project
• lcd.c
• global.h
• timer.h
• lcd.h

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Main.c

• Add a new c source file to your AVR Studio
  project.
• Type in the main function as shown below

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• Main()
• lcdInitHW()
• lcdInit()
• lcdGotoXY(0,4)
• lcdPrintData(Hello Word!, 11)

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Thanks