Urban Settlement Patterns

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Urban Settlement Patterns
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Urban and Rural Interactions

• Agricultural Revolution cultivation of plants
  and animals.
• More time to specialize in non-farming practices
  such as making things they could sell.
• People wanted to live in closer proximity to
  other people (towns).
• Improvement of technology allowed more people to
  move into urban places to work in manufacturing
  jobs.
• Villages grew into town, towns into cities, etc.
  
• Rural areas hamlet, village, or town.
• Urban areas suburb, city, or metropolis.
• Urban hierarchy (each one is a larger settlement
  going up the line than the one before it).

hamlet village town suburb
city metropolis
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Urban Hierarchy
Basic Industry activities that bring money into
an urban place. Eg. Hotels, Restaurants,
Factories Non-Basic Industry activities that
do not bring in outside money, but circulate
existing money. Eg. Local grocery stores, Variety
stores.
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Urban Hierarchy
Hamlet less than 200 people Village 200-800
people offer low-order goods and services Town
100010 000 offer middle-order goods and
services City more than 10 000 offer
high-order goods and services Census
Metropolitan Area more than 100 000 Consists
of one or more adjacent municipalities centred on
a large urban core. Offer specialized services
Low Order Goods or Services goods that are
needed for everyday living and purchased
frequently. Eg. food, clothing, hardware, post
office. Middle order Good or Services goods or
services only needed from time to time. Eg.,
doctors offices and hair salons. High Order
Goods and Services goods or services that are
not needed for everyday living and not purchased
often. Eg., cars, furniture, Sick Kids Hospital
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Urban Hierarchy

• Walter Christaller Central Place Theory, based
  on the number of people needed to keep a store in
  business.
• The minimum number of customers is known as a
  threshold population.

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Lake Huron
Lake Ontario
Lake Erie
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Lake Huron
Mississauga
Kitchener-Waterloo
Oakville
Burlington
Cambridge
Lake Ontario
Hamilton
London
Lake Erie
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Transportation Hubs Where ship, train, and
truck routes connect. Eg., Winnipeg major hub
for railways across the country.
Types of Urban Places
Tourist Cities Where people vacation to as a
result of a unique physical or human feature.
Eg., Banff Skiing, scenery, hot springs.
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Types of Urban Places
Resource Based Communities Where there is a
presence of a rich natural resource. Eg., Sudbury
Nickel.
Manufacturing Cities Where goods are mass
produced. Eg., Sarnia oil refining.
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Types of Urban Places
Government Centres Where local, regional and
national government services are provided. Eg.,
Ottawa.
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Urbanization

• Urbanization movement of people UP the urban
  hierarchy. People general move to cities because
  of

• reduced need for farm labour due to farm
  modernization (e.g. tractors)
• improvements in mobility (better transportation
  systems reduces need for local stores)
• consolidation of goods services (most things
  one needs has relocated to urban areas)

Year Urban Rural
1853 15 85
1908 50 50
2001 85 15