The Development of Imaging Standards for Pathology

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The Development of Imaging Standards for
Pathology Lab Infotech Summit March 2-4,
2005 Las Vegas, Nevada Jules J. Berman, Ph.D.,
M.D. Program Director, Pathology
Informatics Cancer Diagnosis Program, NCI,
NIH email bermanj_at_mail.nih.gov
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UFO Abductees Lots of them They often say about
the same thing (independent confirmations) All
walks of life Minority are a little crazy Mostly
honest and rational people One problem no
evidence
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Researchers who dont publish their primary
data Lots of them They often say about the same
thing (independent confirmations) All walks of
life Minority are a little crazy Mostly honest
and rational people One problem no evidence
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After your research data reaches a certain size,
the data becomes the publication, and the journal
articles become tiny editorials that describe or
interpret the data
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In a data-intensive world, the data is the center
of the universe. Manuscripts are satellites
revolving around a central large BLOB of data.
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What are the tasks involved in data
sharing? Legal tasks (ip rights, confidentiality,
security, encryption) Data organization
(annotation, ontologies, classifications,
taxonomies, data exchange specifications) Data
Retrieval/Data analysis (algorithms, statistics,
deep thought)
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What are the things that pathologists
share? Text (reports, protocols, transaction
data) Images (includes annotations of
images) Tissues (35 million archived cases in
U.S. each year)
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Standard ways of exchanging images and the
annotations that describe the image. Forget about
concepts like Standard image file
formats Thumbnail inventories Think
about Self-describing image files
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XML is the greatest information organizing tool
since the invention of the book. Much more
important than HTML Takes advantage
of Metadata Namespaces Internet External
links Ontologies Permits the integration of data
held in different databases
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Example Tissue Microarray Data Exchange
Specification The TMA Specification is an open
access document that can be used without any
restriction. Its development was sponsored by the
NCI and by the Association for Pathology
Informatics
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Basics of the Tissue MicroArray data exchange
specification Jules J Berman, Mary Edgerton
and Bruce Friedman. The tissue microarray data
exchange specification a community-based, open
source tool for sharing tissue microarray data.
BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2003 May 2335
Real-world implementation example Jules J
Berman, Milton Datta, Andre Kajdacsy-Balla,
Jonathan Melamed, Jan Orenstein, Kevin Dobbin,
Ashok Patel, Rajiv Dhir, Michael J Becich. The
tissue microarray data exchange specification
implementation by the Cooperative Prostate Cancer
Tissue Resource. BMC Bioinformatics 2004 Feb 27,
519

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LDIP (Laboratory Digital Imaging
Project) Association for Pathology
Informatics Pathology Image Data Exchange
Specification Information available
at http//www.pathologyinformatics.org/ldip.htm M
inutes, charter, interim documents, all public
and downloadable
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LDIP (Laboratory Digital Imaging Project) First
organizing conference call.. May 3, 2004 First
public presentation of the LDIP data exchange
specification concept Oct 6, 2004 Projected
completion of first draft Sometime in 2007
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Thomas J. Barr Bruce Beckwith Ann Cecil Alton D.
Floyd Jeffrey A. Beckstead Jules Berman Bill
Beyer Dave Billiter Jack A. Zeineh Mark
Newberger Tony C. Pan Ulysses Balis Andy
Lowe Walter Henricks Mike Szymanski
Mark Tuthill Kemp Watson Bruce Friedman Ole
Eichhorn Stan Schwartz Keith Kaplan Amitabh
Deshpande Bill Fester James M. Crawford Emily
Burns John Stinson Mark E. Sobel Steve
Barbee Bruce Williams
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Ohio State University Harvard Interscope NIH Tres
tle Apollo dmetrix.com Henry Ford
Hospital Cleveland Clinic Bioimagene U of
Michigan Aperio Nikon Walter Reed Olympus Universi
ty of Florida AFIP Assoc Soc Investigative
Pathologists
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LDIP Task Groups 1. Communications task group 2.
Workshop task group 3. Schema task group 4.
File CDE task group 5. Binary object CDE task
group 6. Image descriptor task group 7.
Specimen CDE task/force 8. Clinical CDE task
group 9. Usability task group 10. Messaging
task group 11. Review task group 12.
Publications/Public Relations task group
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Ultimate Goals Will allow anyone who uses
pathology images to exchange images and
accompanying annotations in a format that can be
completely understood by anyone Vendors will be
able to write simple software that will be able
to port their proprietary images into or out of
the data exchange standard The standard will be
portable to and from DICOM The standard will
permit the integration of metadata/data pairs
with related data in other databases.
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