Biomes

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Biomes
Review
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Tundra
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Tundra

• Huge biome that covers the top of the Earth
• North Pole
• About 1 meter below the surface, there is a
  permanently frozen layer called Permafrost
• Many plants and animals adapt to the cold
• some animals hibernate
• some plants are dormant until they can survive

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Taiga
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Taiga

• Largest biome
• Mostly made up of coniferous trees,but there are
  a few deciduous trees
• Birds, small animals,moose, and insects come
  during the summer months

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Grasslands
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Grasslands

• Have many different names
• Prairies in the U.S. Midwest
• Pampas in South America
• Steppes in Europe
• Savannas in Africa

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Grasslands

• Trees are only found near rivers and streams
• Mainly used today for agriculture
• Three types of Grasslands
• Tall Grass Prairie
• Mixed Grass Prairie
• Short Grass Prairie

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Types of Grasslands
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Deciduous Forest
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Deciduous Trees
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Coniferous Forest
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Rain Forest
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Information on the Rain Forest

• Emergent Layer
• trees that are above the canopy layer
• get the most sunlight
• exposed to the highest temperatures and strongest
  winds
• Canopy Layer
• 90 of all animals live in this layer
• called a canopy because the branches are woven
  and tied together
• 60 - 90 Ft above the ground
• Understory
• gets only 2-15 of the sunlight getting through
  the canopy
• very dark
• not dense except near rivers and streams
• Forest Floor
• gets less than 2 of the sunlight
• very little grows there
• thin layer of decomposing leaves, fruit and
  branches

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Deforestation

• Occurs in all types of forests
• When plants and trees are removed from the forest
• Animals, climate and surrounding areas are
  affected by the removal of the forests

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Desert
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Desert

• Land of extreme heat and extreme dryness
• 2 Types of Deserts
• Hot - precipitation is mostly rain
• Cold - precipitation is mostly snow
• Largest desert is the Sahara which covers
  3,500,000 miles

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Deserts of North America
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Freshwater Biome
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Freshwater

• Only 3 of the Earths water is fresh
• Rivers and Lakes are interconnected
• Wetlands are found around rivers (flooding) and
  oceans (tides)
• Some wetlands dry up and some stay wet throughout
  the year

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Saltwater Biome
Tropical Ocean
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Saltwater Biome

• Shorelines are where the Ocean meets the shore
• Oceans cover 3/4 of the Earths surface
• Coral Reefs only grow in tropical oceans
• it can take 100 years to grow 1 inch of coral
• World wide, coral reefs cover 600,000 square
  miles and are home to over 500,000 species!