???

1
??T??? 3? ??????? ?a? ?????a???
????te?t????? Minoan Crete and Mycenaean
Greece AARCH120 ?a???? ???µ???
2007-2008
2

• ???????? ????t?sµ?? ???t? 3000-1400p.?.
• e???????? p???t?sµ??, ate???ste? p??e??,
  ???a??µ??? ????????? ???, ?a?t??? d??aµ?
• ???t?? µeta?? ????p?? ?a? ????pt??, µes??e?a??
  ???µa µe d??se?? ?a???a???a ?a? ?p???? ?e?µ??e?,
• ???s?e?a ?e?t?te? t?? f?s?? ?a? t?? ?????? t??
  ß??st?s??, ?e?? f?d?a ?a? ta????
• ???e? p????f???e? ??a t?? ????????? d?µ? ?a? t?
  s?st?µa d?????s??, a?ta??a?t??? eµp????
• ????????t??? ?atast??f? t?? µ??????? p???t?sµ??
  t? 1400p.?. ap? ????st? a?t?a.
• Sir Arthur Evans a?as?af?? st?? ???ss? t?? 19?
  a?. ap??????? µ??????? p???t?sµ??
• Minoan culture Crete 3000-1400B.C.
• Culture of peace, non wall towns, social life,
  maritime force, mild climate, worship of nature
  (snakes, bulls), interchange trade, total destroy
  of Minoan culture on 1400B.C.

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???t?? t?? ???????? ???t?? Minoan Crete map
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• ???????????? p??a?a?
• 3000-2200p.?. e?sa???? t?? ?a???? (p??t?µ??????
  pe???d??)
• 2000-1500p.?. ????d?µ?s? t?? p??t?? a?a?t????,
  ?atast??f? ?a? ????d?µ?s? ???? a?a?t????
  (µes?µ?????? pe???d??)
• 1500-1000p.?. µe???? ?atast??f?, d?????
  ?at??t?s? (?ste??µ?????? pe???d??)
• ????t??a ???t?a ß??te???a? ?a? s?????t??s?? t??
  ?e??????? pa?a?????.
• Historic evolution.
• Early Minoan (c.3000 BC-2200 BC), Middle Minoan
  (c.2200 BC-1500 BC), and Late Minoan (c.1500
  BC-1000 BC).
• palaces places for handicraft and gathering
  agricultural products

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• ????? ?a? t??p?? d?µ??
• ???? ????e?, ????des???, t?????, p?a?s?a, f???a,
  p?d??? ???f?µ?t??, epe?d?se?? ??????, f????ta
  pat?µata ?a? st??e?,
• ????? a?at???ast?? ?a? a????, ?????????? ap?
  ?????? e? pe??s???????, ?µ????e?t?? ?a? ?a?e?t??
  ????? ??a te?e??µata ?a? p?a?s?a, p???????? se
  ?s?d?µ? s?st?µa st?? ??e?? a?a?t????,
• G???????? (e?d?? a??ßast???) epe?d?se?? ?a?
  s???e?, ?at?f??a, d?peda, pe?????a, ????st?te?
  ?a? p?a?s?a a????µ?t??,
• Oµ?? p??????
• ???ß?a, ?e?aµ??? p?a??d?a, s????e? ap? ??µ???
  p???.
• ?sßest?? µ??? ??a ep????sµata (p???????aµa
  asßest?????aµa ? ????????aµa)
• S??det??? ?????µata ap? p???
• Materials and structures
• wooden columns, walls, floors/ stone carven,
  hard core, alabaster/ adobe, bricks, tiles, terra
  cotta tubes/lime coat, connective plasters from
  clay

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?e?f???a ????t??? t?? ???ss?? Dolphin fresco.
Knossos Palace
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• ???f??
• - ????e?
• ??????? de s??eta? ?a???a?,
• ????t??? µe??s?,
• ????? ?aßd?se?? µe ?????? ???????a??,
• ???????a?? tet??????? ?ßa?a?, ????? ????,
  e?????, ????? ste?? ta???a, ast???a???,
• ?p?st???? ap??? µ??f??,
• ???? ap? st????????? d?s????,
• ?????e? ß?se?? ?aµ???? ?????????????? s??µat??,
• Se??? t?? t?????f?? ? ??????? ??????? (?µ????)
• ?s?d?µ? s?st?µa µe µe???a pa?????a ?a? ep?peda
  d?µata
• Historic evolution.
• wooden columns, negative decrease, capital
  square abacus, concave zone, echinus, astragal/
  epistyle, round disks zone, triglyph, ashlars,
  big openings, flat roofs

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???????? ????a? Typical Minoan Column
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????a? ????t??? t?? ???ss?? Column - Knossos
Palace
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?????st????a ????t??? t?? ???ss?? Colonnade -
Knossos Palace
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?µ???µa ????s??? - ?????e? Model of a house -
Archanes
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???ata ?a??s??se?? Horn of Consecration
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• ????t??a (?e?a?a?t????? pe???d?? 1700-1500p.?.)
• ????p????t?ta t?? ?at??e??,
• Ge???? d??ta?? ???? ap? µ?a µe???? a???,
• ?pa??? ???f??,
• ??????? st????µata,
• ???pa???a ?????se?? ?a? st??as? µe ep?ped? d?µa.
• ?e?a??p??pe?a, e?µ??e?a, e?????e? ???t??,
  s?st?µata ?d?e?s?? ?a? ap???te?s??,
• ???pt??? se ep?peda ep? ?µa??? p?a???? ??f??,
• ?p?t??esµa s???????? s?ed?asµ?? ?a? ???
  p??s?????,
• T??s?e?t??? ?e?t?????a a????se? ?at?e?a?,
  ???pte? e?d????, de?aµe??? ?a?a?µ?? ?a? t??pe?e?
  p??sf????.
• Palaces (1700-1500 B.C.)
• Complex plan, court yard, 2-3 floors, no
  circumvallation, magnificent, facilities
  (drainage etc), platforms and benches, completed
  design, religious function

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????t??? t?? ???s?? Knossos Palace
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????t??? t?? ???s?? - Knossos Palace
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????t??? t?? ???s?? (e?e??e?? a?apa??stas?)
Knossos Palace (free representation)
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?????sa t?? ?????? ????t??? t?? ???s?? Throne
Room Knossos Palace
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?p????e? ????t??? t?? ???s?? Storages
Knossos Palace
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?p????e? ????t??? t?? Fa?st?? Storages
Phaestos Palace
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????t??? t?? ?????? Storages Zakros Palace
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???e?pt??? sp?t? st? ?aµa??? Elliptical house at
Hamaizi
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?e?aµ??? p?a??d?a µe p??s??e?? ?at??????
(???se?? ??a??e???) Ceramic tiles of houses
facades (Herakelion Museum)
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??????? ?at????a st?? ??µµ? Kommos house
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??????? ?at????a st?? ??µµ? Kommos house
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????t??? T??a Akrotiri Thera
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• ?????a???? ????t?sµ?? 2800-1100p.?.
• ??e??? ?daf??, µ????? e?f??e? ped??de? ?a?
  ?????de?, µe???? a??pt??µa pa?a????,
• ????? t?? f?s???? ed?f???,
• e???at? ???µa µe???e? a???? ?a? st??? ? ???
  st?? ?pa????,
• 14?? a???a? ap????sµ?? ??p???, ??d??, ??????
  ?s?a?.
• ??ta??a?t??? eµp????, s?????t??s? a?a??? sta
  a???t??a,
• ?at?e?a t?? d???µe?? t?? f?s?? (???es?
  d?de???e??). ??e?a?t?s?a ?e?ate??? ap? ??a?te?,
• taf??? µ??µe?a, ?te??sµata, ep?????? ap? ????pt?
• e??????? ???ssa (??aµµ??? ??af? ?)
• Mycenae 2800-1100B.C.
• Mountains, fertile valleys, coast line,
  entrenchments, temperate climate, interchange
  trade, court yards and arcades, colonization,
  religion independent from administration, tombs
  and oblations, Greek language

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?p????? µ????a???? p???t?sµ?? Mycenaean
civilization influence
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• ????? t??p?? d?µ??
• ???a ?a? e?te?? ?????, ????? e? pe??s???????,
• ?????pe?a t????p???a,
• ?a?e?t? t????p???a, ?ate??as?a ????? µe p?????a
  ?a? t??p???a,
• ????t?? ?atas?e??? e?f????? s?st?µa
• ?µ? t??ß?a se ?s?d?µ? s?st?µa ?a? ????des???,
• ???? ????e?, d????, d?µata ?a? ???f?µata,
• µ?ta??a pe?????sµ??? ???s? t?? ?a????
• Materials and structures
• Cheap material, cyclopean masonry, carven stone,
  drills and saws for stone elaboration, ecphora
  domes, plinths, wooden beams columns floors
  and casings

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?????e? ?????pe?a t????p???a Mycenae
Cyclopean masonry
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• ??????? ?at??e?? ?at????a?
• ???????? ?a??ße? (????µe???),
• e??e?pt???? ?a??ße? (T??µ?? ????t?a?)
• a??d?t? sp?t? (???a??? ???????a?),
• p?????????? ap????e?? (??a?????d?)
• ????????? (????a)
• Ground plan evolution
• Round, elliptical, recess house, polygonal
  endings, rectangle

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??????? ?at????a st? Capo Graziano (1430 p.?.)
round house at Capo Graziano (1430 B.C.)
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????????? ?t?sµa t?? ????a? (p??t?e??ad???
pe???d??) Lerna rectangle building
(protohelladic period)
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F??a??p? - ????? (te???sµ??? a???p???)
Phylakopi Milos (walled acropolis)
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??p?? ?t????? ????t??a, ??f??, ?e??
(?a?s???) ????t??a e?s?d??, p??d?µ??, µe?????
????? ??a ??d?e?, p??p???, ?????? µ??a?? ß?µ??,
???? ap? t?? a??? ta d?aµe??sµata, ?d??s? p??? se
??f?, ?????s?, d??ta?? ???? ap? a???, t??µe???
µ??a?? µe ??t?? p??sa?at???sµ? ???a?? ?et???????
????? µe ?e?t???? est?a ?a? t?sse???
????e?, ??ped? ?a? t????? d?a??sµ?µ???? S???e?ta
µ??a?a ???p??? µe d?? ????e? st?? e?s?d? ep?ped?
d?µa, a??? µe ?????st????e?, Courts and Palaces
(Megaron) Founded on the top of hills, entrance,
vestibule, court, propylon, square throne room
with central altar, decorated floor and walls,
flat terrace, dark interior
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????t??? t?? ??????a?Tiryns Court
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????t??? t?? ??????a?Tiryns Court
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????t??? t?? ??????? Mycenae Court
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????t??? t?? ??????? Mycenae Court
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?????e? ? p??? t?? ?e??t?? Mycenae
Lions Gate
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?????e? ?af???? pe??ß???? Mycenae Grave
Circle
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?????e? ???a??? (a?apa??stas?) Mycenae
Megaron (representation)
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?????e? ???a??? (a?apa??stas?) Mycenae
Megaron (representation)
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?????e? ???a???, (a?apa??stas?) Mycenae
Megaron, (representation)
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?????e? ? ??sa???? t?? ?t???? Mycenae Atreus
Treasure
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?????e? ? ??sa???? t?? ?t???? Mycenae Atreus
Treasure
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?????e? ? ??sa???? t?? ?t????
Mycenae Atreus Treasure