Author GVGFP5FP6Reactor Safety'PPT

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SIRENA Progress MeetingEC Brussels, 6-7
November 2002Commission Views about future EU
research in the area of PLIM

• Georges VAN GOETHEM
• EC, DG Research, Directorate J Energy
• Unit 4 Nuclear Fission and Radioprotection
• Building MO 75 5/34, B-1049 Brussels
• Tel [phone] - Fax [phone] -
  email georges.van-goethem_at_cec.eu.int

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Table of contents

• (1) Introduction
• (2) 5th Euratom Framework Programme 1998-2002
• (3) Focus on Operational Safety of Existing
  Installations
• (4) Main challenges to future Euratom research
  in nuclear fission
• (5) European Research Area
• and 6th Euratom Framework Programme 2002-2006
• (6) Conclusions

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5th Euratom Framework Programme 1998-2002
Strategic objectives and budget

• General objectives of Euratom FP5
• The aim is to help exploit the full potential of
  nuclear energy, both fusion and fission, in a
  sustainable manner, by making current
  technologies even safer and more economical, and
  by exploring new concepts.
• Indirect Actions
• Key action Nuclear fission
• The aim is to help ensure the safety of Europes
  nuclear installations and to improve the
  competitiveness of Europes industry to ensure
  radiation protection to support safeguards and
  to help ensure safe and effective waste
  management and disposal.

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Operational Safety of Existing Installations

• Plant Life Management
• Effects of ageing On-line monitoring,
  inspection and maintenance Organisation and
  management of safety Risk informed approach to
  plant modernisation
• Severe accident management
• Severe accident management measures Assessment
  of severe accident risks (eg. corium behaviour,
  melt coolability, hydrogen risks, and source
  term)
• Evolutionary concepts
• Evolutionary safety concepts High burn-up and
  MOX fuel

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Defense-in-depth strategy for reactor safety
Beyond-design-basis accidents
Technical support or crisis teams
Design-basis accidents
Control room staff
Accident correction
Limit of operational conditions
protective systems
emergency operating procedures
Authorities
severe accident management guidance
Off-Site Emergency Planning
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Plant Life Extension and Management under FP-5
Integrity of equipment and structures
On-line monitoring and maintenance
Organisation and management of safety
RETROSPEC - RENION PISA - FEUNMARR -FRAME
GRETE - SPIQNAR REDOS
Embrittlement - Research Reactors
Corrosion -Thermalhydraulics
CASTOC-PRISINTERWELD- FLOMIX-R WAHALOADS
LIRES
Safety Margins - Welds
ADIMEW - VOCALISTSMILE - THERFAT
ENPOWER
Risk Assessment - Virtual Reality
SPI - VRIMOR
NURBIM
Cluster PLEM
MAECENAS - CONMOD
Concrete Ageing
BESECBS - CEMSIS
Digital Instrumentation
VERSAFE - VERLIFE IMPAM VVER - EUROSAFE
EU/CEEC - Harmonisation of Practices - VVER
safety
ATHENA
LEARNSAFE
Knowledge Management
JSRI
http//www.cordis.lu/fp5-euratom/home.html http//
europa.eu.int/comm/research/fp6/networks-ip.html
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Severe Accident Management under FP-5
SAM Measures
Assessment of SA Risk
COLOSS - ENTHALPY PLINIUS - LACOMERA
Corium
EUROCORE
ECOSTAR
LISSAC
Reactor Pressure Vessel
ARVI
Source Term
E U R S A F E
LPP - THENPHEBISP ASTERISM II
ICHEMM
Phébus FP Programme
Cluster SAM
SCACEX
THINCAT PARSOAR
HYCOM
Hydrogen/Containment
By-Pass Sequences
SGTR OPTSAM
PHEBEN 2 EVITA
SAMOS
Code Development
http//www.cordis.lu/fp5-euratom/home.html http//
europa.eu.int/comm/research/fp6/networks-ip.html
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Evolutionary Concepts under FP-5
Evolutionary SafetyConcepts
Nuclear Fuel (High Burn-up / MOX)
Analytical Tools(codes, methodologies)
ASTAR - ECORARMPS - VALCO - CRISSUE-STEMPEST -
ITEM
Cluster EVOL
EXTRA - SIRENA
Operational Practicesand Design Improvement
NACUSPDEEPSSIFABIS
MICROMOXOMICO
CERTA EUROFASTNET
JSRI ENEN
Databases and Education Training
VALMOX
http//www.cordis.lu/fp5-euratom/home.html http//
europa.eu.int/comm/research/fp6/networks-ip.html
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Main challenges to future Euratom research in
nuclear fission

• (1) Enlargement of the EU (from 15 to 28 Member
  States)
• (2) Towards achievement of the Internal Energy
  Market
• (2.1) Green Paper Towards a European Strategy
  for the security of Energy Supply until the
  year 2010 (november 2000)
• (2.2) Towards harmonisation of nuclear safety
  practices
• (3) General concerns about environment and
  sustainable development (Kyoto)
• (4) Changes in the decision making processes
  (emphasis on accountability, transparency, rigour
  and credibility)
• Tentative answer of the Commission in areas
  where EU research may help the European
  Research Area and the 6th framework programme
  2002-2006 (EC as well as Euratom) as one of its
  implementation instruments

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"European Research Area" (ERA)proposed by the
Commission (COM 2000 / 6)and endorsed by Council
and Parliament

• The EUs Framework Programme (FP) for Research
  and Technological Development is a major tool to
  support the creation of the ERA.
• The Commission has proposed funding for the FP-6
  (2002-2006) totalling EUR million 17 500,
  corresponding to the previous level of funding
  plus inflation and growth (but still representing
  only 5 to 6 of public spending on RTD).
• Maximum overall amount
• EC framework programme EUR million 16 270
• Euratom framework programme EUR million 1
  230
• The plan is to implement the framework programmes
  by five specific programmes, three of which come
  under the European Community (EC) Treaty and two
  under the European Atomic Energy (Euratom)
  Treaty

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• A programme on "Integrating and strengthening the
  European Research Area comprising the indirect
  actions proposed under the heading "Focusing and
  Integrating research" and under the heading
  "Strengthening the foundations of the European
  Research Area", thus bring together research and
  co-ordination activities.
• A programme on "Structuring the European Research
  Area", comprising horizontal, support and
  structuring activities.
• Two "Joint Research Centre (JRC)" programmes
  comprising the direct actions in the non-nuclear
  and nuclear fields resp. (and carried out by DG
  JRC).
• A "Nuclear energy" programme comprising the
  indirect actions carried out in the field of
  nuclear energy (and co-ordinated by DG Research /
  Brussels)

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EUs Framework Programme 2002-2006 Strategic
objectives

• To further the objective set out in Article 163
  of the Treaty of strengthening the scientific
  and technological bases of Community industry and
  encouraging it to become more competitive at
  international level, while promoting all the
  research activities deemed necessary by virtue of
  other Chapters of this Treaty.
• In order to contribute to the creation of the
  European Research Area and to innovation, this
  programme will be structured as follows
• focusing and integrating Community research (7
  thematic areas)
• structuring the European Research Area (human
  resources and mobility)
• strengthening the foundations of the European
  Research Area (opening up of national
  programmes)

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• EU DECISION MAKING PROCESS
• Sixth Framework Programme of the European
  Community for research, technological development
  and demonstration activities, contributing to the
  creation of the European Research Area and to
  innovation (2002 to 2006)
• DECISION NO 1513/2002/EC OF THE EUROPEAN
  PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 27 June 2002 -
  Official Journal of the EC L232 - 29.8.2002
• Sixth Framework Programme of the European Atomic
  Energy Community (EURATOM) for nuclear research
  and training activities, also contributing to the
  creation of the European Research Area (2002 to
  2006)
• COUNCIL DECISION No 2002/668/Euratom of 3 June
  2002 - Official Journal of the European
  Communities L232 - 29.8.2002
• All five specific programmes adopted by the
  Council on 30 September 2002
• Indirect Actions for Research and Training on
  nuclear energy COUNCIL DECISION No
  2002/837/Euratom of 30 September 2002 - Official
  Journal of the European Communities L294 -
  29.10.2002 (Direct Actions DECISION No
  2002/838/Euratom)

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ANNEX I OF SPECIFIC EURATOM PROGRAMMEScientific
and technological objectives and broad lines of
the activities

• Introduction
• As the source of 35 of the electricity produced
  in the European Union, nuclear energy is an
  element of the debate on how to combat climate
  change and reduce the energy dependency of the
  EU. However significant challenges need to be
  faced. Controlled thermonuclear fusion is one of
  the long-term options for energy supply, in
  particular, for the centralised supply of
  base-load electricity.
• In the short term, ways of dealing with nuclear
  waste that are acceptable to society need to be
  found. gt Area n 1 / Management of Radioactive
  Waste
• Innovative concepts for the safer exploitation of
  nuclear fission should also be studied as
  possible contributions to meeting European energy
  needs in the decades ahead.
• The high standards of radiation protection in the
  Community must be maintained through focused and
  co-ordinated research, in particular into the
  effects of low levels of exposure. gt Area n 2
  / Radiation Protection

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• Area n 3. Other activities in the field of
  nuclear technologies and safety
• Objectives
• The objectives are to support EU policies in the
  fields of health, energy and the environment, to
  ensure that European capability is maintained at
  a high level in relevant fields not covered by
  the thematic priorities and to contribute towards
  the creation of the European Research Area.
• Research Priorities
• i) Innovative concepts
• The aims are to evaluate innovative concepts and
  develop improved and safer processes in the field
  of nuclear energy. Research will focus on
• Evaluation of the potential of innovative
  concepts and development of improved and safer
  processes for the generation and exploitation of
  nuclear energy that have been identified as
  offering longer term benefits in terms of safety,
  environmental impact, resource utilisation,
  proliferation resistance, or diversity of
  application.

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• ii) Education and training
• The aim is to better integrate European
  education and training in nuclear safety and
  radiation protection to combat the decline in
  both student numbers and teaching establishments,
  thus providing the necessary competence and
  expertise for the continued safe use of nuclear
  energy and other uses of radiation in industry
  and medicine. Support will focus on
• development of a more harmonised approach for
  education in the nuclear sciences and engineering
  in Europe and its implementation, including the
  better integration of national resources and
  capabilities.
• This will be complemented by support for
  fellowships, special training courses, training
  networks, grants for young research workers from
  the NIS and CEE countries, and transnational
  access to infrastructures. As regards
  infrastructures, transnational access to
  installations will be promoted. A further step
  will be to initiate a common analysis of the
  future EU needs in human resources and
  competencies and experimental tools in the
  mid-term.

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• iii) Safety of existing nuclear installations
• The aim is to improve safety in existing nuclear
  installations in Member States and candidate
  countries during their remaining operational
  lifetimes and subsequent decommissioning, making
  use of the considerable knowledge and experience
  gained internationally from experimental and
  theoretical research. Research will focus on
• plant management including effects of ageing and
  fuel performance severe accident management,
  including the development of advanced numerical
  simulation codes integration of European
  capabilities and knowledge from practical
  decommissioning developing scientific bases for
  safety and best practice.

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ANNEX II OF SPECIFIC EURATOM PROGRAMME
INDICATIVE BREAKDOWN OF THE AMOUNT

• Types of activities Amount (EUR million)
• 1. Priority thematic areas of research 890
• 1.1 Controlled thermonuclear fusion 750
• 1.2 Management of radioactive waste 90
• 1.3 Radiation protection 50
• 2. Other activities in the field ofnuclear
  technologies and safety 50
• 3. Nuclear activities of the JRC 290
• Total 1230

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Principles guiding the design of the new FP-6
instruments (IP and NoE)

• Simplification and streamlining
• to minimise the overheads for all concerned
  whether applicant, contractor or the Commission
• to speed up procedures, especially
  time-to-contract
• Flexibility and adaptability
• to enable instruments to be applicable throughout
  the priority themes
• to enable projects to evolve
• Increased management autonomy
• to eliminate unnecessary micromanagement
• While preserving public accountability and
  protecting interests of the Community

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INTEGRATED PROJECT (IP)
?

• Contractual aspects autonomy and flexibility ?
  collective responsibility
• implementation plan and associated budget
  integration of RTD, innovation, demonstration
• and training activities
• consortium agreement management
  arrangements, quality control system,
  exploitation plan, intellectual property
  aspects
• ? Commission contribution grant to the budget

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NETWORK OF EXCELLENCE (NoE)

• Contractual aspects autonomy and flexibility ?
  collective responsibility
• joint programme of activities (JPA)
  programme of jointly executed research and
  activities designed to spread excellence
• consortium agreement governance structure,
  management arrangements,
• quality control system, intellectual property
  aspects, etc
• ? Commission contribution grant for integration

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BACKGROUND OF FP-6 RESEARCH IN SAFETY OF
EXISTING NUCLEAR INSTALLATIONS

• Safety and performance issues raised by the
  modernisation of ageing nuclear power plants ?
  European research can help, be it of the
  operational, promotional, regulatory
  (confirmatory or anticipatory), or societal type
• Stakeholders of nuclear fission safety
  utilities, manufacturers, regulatory bodies, and
  decision makers research institutions (each
  with budget reduction, each with their own needs
  and time constants !)
• Think globally, act locally EU internal
  market (i.e. increased competitiveness, merger of
  industries, deregulation of electricity market,
  etc) CEE enlargement (i.e. candidate countries
  in 2004 !)

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TOWARDS A EU SERVICE FOR KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

• (i.e. acquisition, formalisation, retrieval and
• sharing of nuclear safety knowledge and
  expertise)
• http//europa.eu.int/comm/research/energy/fi/fi_en
  .html
• DG Research / Directorate J Energy Unit 4
  Nuclear Fission and Radiation Protection (?
  current FP-5 1998-2002 projects)
• http//w2ksrvx.ike.uni-stuttgart.de/jsri/
• Joint Safety Research Index (? information
  about more than 350 reactor safety research
  projects in the EU and CEECs
• http//lunar.jrc.it/stresaWebSite/
• Storage of Research Documents and Analyses (?
  T/H data from 10 experimental installations in
  the EU and CEECs)
• http//europa.eu.int//comm/research/fp6/index_en.h
  tml
• all the Commission decisions and other
  relevant documents (e.g. about NoE and IP) for
  future FP-6 2002-2006 projects

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CONCLUSION Euratom research in Nuclear
Fission beyond 2002

• Nuclear energy continues to supply 35 of
  Europes electricity vigilance is still required
  to ensure a continuation of Europes outstanding
  safety record, to efficiently manage the
  treatment and storage of waste, to maintain the
  high standards of radiation protection and to
  maintain efforts to avoid proliferation.
• New political/economical challenges to Euratom
  research include
• an enlargement of the Union to include countries
  with different safety cultures
• achievement of the Internal Energy Market
• an increasing concern for environmental issues
• changes in the policy/decision-making processes.
• Commission Proposal for 2002-2006 The ERA
  including FP-6 Euratom research