Analysis of the Stone, BoneAntler and Shell Artifacts from the QwuGwes Site 45TN240 South Puget Soun - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Analysis of the Stone, BoneAntler and Shell Artifacts from the QwuGwes Site 45TN240 South Puget Soun

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Title: Analysis of the Stone, BoneAntler and Shell Artifacts from the QwuGwes Site 45TN240 South Puget Soun


1
Analysis of the Stone, Bone/Antler and Shell
Artifacts from the Qwu?Gwes Site (45TN240)
South Puget Sound, Washington (USA)
  • Katherine M. Kelly The Evergreen State College,
    Olympia, WA.Barbara A. Vargo AMEC Earth and
    Environmental, Huntsville AL.

2
Qwu?Gwes Project
  • Formal Cooperative Agreement
  • South Puget Sound Community College
  • Squaxin Island Tribe
  • Land Owner
  • Intent
  • Teaching Archaeological Methodology
  • Tribal Members
  • College Students
  • Volume of Material Excavated
  • Conservative CRM Practices

3
Central Northwest Coast Culture Area
(Base map adapted from Suttles, W. (ed.) 1990
Handbook of the North American Indians. Volume 7
The Northwest Coast. Smithsonian Institution,
Washington, DC)
4
Central Northwest Coast Culture Area
(Base map adapted from Suttles, W. (ed.) 1990
Handbook of the North American Indians. Volume 7
The Northwest Coast. Smithsonian Institution,
Washington, DC)
5
Qwu?gwes
  • Site Age - 1000 old
  • Late Period/Gulf of Georgia

6
Qwu?gwes
  • Site Age - 1000 old
  • Late Period/Gulf of Georgia
  • Geologic History
  • Earthquakes
  • 1,000 BP
  • 300 BP

7
Evidence of Earthquake Activity
  • Buried soil horizon
  • Terrestrial soil
  • beneath shell
  • midden
  • Warping shifting of lacustral deposits

Marine Deposits
Sudden Submergence
Buried A-Horizon
8
Qwu?Gwes
  • Site Age - 1000 old
  • Late Period/Gulf of Georgia
  • Geologic History
  • Earthquakes
  • 1,000 BP
  • 300 BP
  • Site Use
  • Wood Fiber Industry
  • Shell Fish Vertebrate

9
Site Use Defined Activity Areas
  • Waterlogged Shell Midden

10
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11
Site Use Defined Activity Areas
  • Living Area

12
Site Use Defined Activity Areas
  • Food Processing Area

13
Region-wide Comparisons of Stone, Bone/Antler and
Shell Artifacts
  • Comparative Distribution Study
  • Sites Contemporary to Qwe?Gwes
  • Waterlogged or Wet Sites
  • Located in and around the Puget Sound Area

14
Map of Study Area
From Croes et al Cultural Historical Context of
Qwu?gwes A Preliminary Investigation in Journal
of Wetland Archaeology 5, 2005, 137149.
15
Cluster Analysis Using MINITAB
16
Unrooted cladogram derived from Northwest Coast
stone, bone-antler, and shell (SB-AS) artifact
categories. Though not perfect, the sites are
generally arranged by phases typically defined by
SB-AS artifact types on the Northwest Coast.
From Croes et al Cultural Historical Context
of Qwu?gwes A Preliminary Investigation in
Journal of Wetland Archaeology 5, 2005, 137149.
Unrooted Cladogram Using PAUP
17
Evolution of the Research Question
18
Map of Study Area
From Croes et al Cultural Historical Context of
Qwu?gwes A Preliminary Investigation in Journal
of Wetland Archaeology 5, 2005, 137149.
19
Methodology
  • Previous Studies
  • Morgan, Matson, et al.
  • Canadian Studies
  • Vargo (2000 2004)
  • Criteria to Identify Tool Types
  • Common Nomenclature
  • Canadian Cross Reference
  • Categorization by Attribute
  • Data Analysis
  • Presence/Absence Cluster Analysis
  • Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (PAUP)

20
Canadian Studies
21
Sites Within The Area Of Study
  • Qwu?Gwes Gulf of Georgia (500-1500 BP)
  • Ozette Recent (500 BP)
  • Conway Gulf of Georgia (500-1500 BP)
  • Fishtown Gulf of Georgia (500-1500 BP)
  • Little Qualicum River Gulf of Georgia (500-1500
    BP)
  • Biederbost Marpole (1500-2500 BP)
  • Water Hazard Marpole (1500-2500 BP)
  • Musqueam Locarno Beach (2500-3000 BP)
  • Hoko River Locarno Beach (2500-3000 BP)

22
Canadian Studies
23
Unrooted Cladogram derived from Northwest Coast
Basketry Attributes
From Croes et al Cultural Historical Context of
Qwu?gwes A Preliminary Investigation in Journal
of Wetland Archaeology 5, 2005, 137149.
24
Unrooted cladogram derived from Northwest Coast
Wet Sites SB-AS attributes.
25
Integration
26
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