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Title: Test Research and Training Reactors Meeting Education, Outreach and Training: NE


1
Test Research and Training Reactors
MeetingEducation, Outreach and TrainingNEs
Changing RoleLincoln City, Oregon
John Gutteridge Office of Nuclear EnergyU.S.
Department of Energy September 17-20, 2007
2
Items for Discussion
  • Current/Future Status of NE University Program
  • Program Development
  • Enrollments
  • Congressional actions/calendars
  • Recent University Awards
  • NERI-C
  • GNEP Readiness
  • Fuel Program
  • Plans for 2007-2009
  • Conversions 2006 ?
  • Outreach
  • Harnessed Atom
  • Recruitment Video
  • Summary

3
Where Weve Been 1997-2006
  • The Road to the University Program
  • Support for research, reactors, students,
    faculty, outreach, fuel, minority institutions,
    etc.
  • Politically Popular Program
  • Many Initiatives Along the Way
  • INIE
  • Radiochemistry
  • Harnessed Atom
  • Junior Faculty

4
The Current Situation
  • University Program zeroed for FY 2007 and FY
    2008
  • Fuel support continues (3.0M in FY 2008)
  • Mortgages fully funded with FY 2007 funds
  • Worked with university community to develop a new
    basis for supporting university nuclear
    engineering research and infrastructure

5
University Program (UP) Early Developments
  • Pre-UP (before 1992)
  • Fuel for university reactors NE
  • International Student Exchange Program (ISEP)
  • Fellowships/Scholarships NE, others
  • Support for reactor maintenance Office of
    Science

6
1992 ? TodayUniversity Program Activities Take
Hold
1992 Matching Grants Commonwealth Edison (Exelon)
Mid 1990s Reactor Sharing, Reactor Upgrades, Formal NEHP Program, Splitting Atoms video (middle schools)
Late 1990s Nuclear Engineering and Education Research (NEER) Program, Morgan State Bridge, Program, Radiochemistry
Early 2000s University (Minority) Partnerships, Summer Lab Internships, Innovations in Nuclear Infrastructure and Education (INIE), ANS Outreach (teacher workshops), HP Fellows becomes stand-alone program, Harnessed Atom Teaching Module (high school)
2006 Junior Faculty Awards Video Nuclear Engineering A Fulfilling Career (high school)
7
University Program Timeline (Approximations)
Fuel Purchased
Radiochemistry
  • INIE
  • ANS Outreach

Junior Faculty
NEER
Pre 1990 1992 1997 1998 1999 2001 2002/03 2
005 2006
Video Recruitment
Matching Grants
  • Reactor Sharing
  • Reactor Upgrades
  • Fellows and Scholars
  • Splitting Atoms video
  • University Partnerships
  • Summer Internships
  • HP Fellows(separate program)
  • Harnessed AtomModule

International Student Exchange Program (ISEP)
Note Several of these programs had been funded
in the Office of Energy Research (now Office of
Science), but were dropped due to lack of
interest/funding.
8
University Program Budget HistoryFY 2003 FY
2007 Budgets
3M was a one-time earmark for Idaho
universities 2.5M was a one-time appropriation
for spent fuel shipments
9
Enrollments Grew at a Rapid Rate
10
Nuclear Engineering Enrollments Academic Year
2006-2007
11
States With Participating Universities
Program Participants
Clark/Atlanta Clemson University Colorado State
University Georgia Institute of Technology Idaho
State University Kansas State University Livingsto
ne College Linn State Technical
College Massachusetts Institute of
Technology Morgan State University New Mexico
State University North Carolina State
University Ohio State University Oregon State
University Pennsylvania State University Polytechn
ic University of Puerto Rico Prairie View AM
University
Purdue University Reed College Rensselaer
Polytechnic Institute Rhode Island Nuclear
Science Center South Carolina State
University Texas AM University Texas AM
Kingsville Three Rivers Community
College Tuskegee Institute Virginia Commonwealth
University Virginia Tech University of
Arizona University of California-Berkeley Universi
ty of California-Davis University of
California-Irvine University of
Cincinnati University of Florida
University of Illinois University of
Maryland University of Massachusetts-Lowell Univer
sity of Michigan University of Missouri-Columbia U
niversity of Missouri-RollaUniversity of Nevada
Las Vegas University of New Mexico University
of South Carolina University of
Tennessee University of Texas University of
Utah University of Wisconsin Washington State
University West Point Military Academy Wilberforce
University Worcester Polytechnic Institute
U.S. Historically Black Colleges and
Universities Hispanic Serving Institution
12
FY 2006/07 New Approach
  • OMB PARTS University Program
  • OMB evaluated the University Program and
    determined that enrollment levels of the program
    have increased and students no longer needed
    encouragement to enter the nuclear field.
    Federal assistance no longer necessary
  • For FY 2007 Congressional add back (27M) is used
    by DOE to pay off existing mortgages and begin
    new research program for universities (NERI-C)
  • DOE/NE attempts to embed infrastructure support
    (fellowships, reactor support, faculty support,
    etc.) into research initiative (NERI-C)

13
NE Supports Universities
  • The transition from a university program budget
    line item to
  • embedding university research and support within
    our mission
  • related NE RD programs will provide
  • Greater research opportunities for universities
    while incorporating infrastructure activities
  • Increased funding corresponds to increases in
    NEs research program areas

14
Why Change?
  • DOE/NE RD-related university-based research will
    be beneficial to DOE and university community
  • The Office of Nuclear Energy wants to support
    nuclear engineering education (Stewardship)
  • Research-based approach could help develop a
    better education network among universities,
    laboratories, the nuclear industry and government

15
2007 NERI-Consortia Funding Opportunity
Announcement
  • RD focused program (NERI)
  • University Program elements embedded
  • Total award value 30 Million
  • Maximum individual award ceiling 1M/yr for 3
    years (3M total)
  • Provides an opportunity for U.S. universities to
    become directly involved in an integrated teaming
    relationship with DOE/NE

16
2007 GNEP University Readiness Funding
Opportunity Announcement
  • Provide an opportunity for nuclear schools to
    prepare themselves to support GNEP RD programs
  • Open to all universities with nuclear programs
  • Total award value 4 Million
  • Maximum individual award ceiling 100K over one
    year
  • One time award

17
NE supports Universities
  • Total support for university activities in FY
    2006 was approximately 50M
  • A funding level of 54M will continue in FY 2007
  • Based on our FY 2008 budget request we expect
    growth in our university funding commensurate
    with the growth in GNEP

18
FY 2006-08 University Funding
These actuals and estimates do not include
National Laboratory directed funding for
universities. Funding within individual programs
may vary depending upon the performance of
individual program activities.  Total funding for
Universities is expected to be as shown.
19
FY 2007 NERI-C Awards
Lead University Collaborating Institutions Project Title
Georgia Institute of Technology Abilene Christian University California Polytechnic State University Colorado School of Mines Los Alamos National Laboratory Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Idaho National Laboratory Ohio University Oregon State University An Innovative Approach to Precision Fission Measurements Using a Time Projection Chamber
University of Tennessee North Carolina State University Pennsylvania State University South Carolina State University Westinghouse Advanced Instrumentation and Control Methods for Small and Medium Export Reactors with IRIS Demonstration
Washington State University Hunter College (CUNY) Idaho National Laboratory Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Tennessee Technological University University of New Mexico University of North Carolina, Wilmington Advanced Aqueous Separation Systems for Actinide Partitioning
University of Michigan Alabama AM University Pennsylvania State University University of California, Berkeley University of California, Santa Barbara University of Wisconsin, Madison Cladding and Structural Materials for Advanced Nuclear Energy Systems
University of California, Davis California Institute of Technology Northwestern University University of California, Los Angeles Radiation Damage in Nuclear Fuel for Advanced Burner Reactors Modeling and Experimental Validation
Pennsylvania State University Argonne National Laboratory Tulane University University of South Carolina Advanced Electrochemical Technologies for Hydrogen Production by Alternative Thermochemical Cycles
20
FY 2007 NERI-C Awards (cont.)
Lead University Collaborating Institutions Project Title
University of Missouri, Columbia North Carolina State University Washington University, St. Louis A Research Program on Very High-Temperature Reactors (VHTRs)
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Georgia Tech South Carolina State University University of Michigan Performance of Actinide-Containing Fuel Matrices under Extreme Radiation and Temperature Environments
Texas AM University Argonne National Laboratory Purdue University University of Illinois, Chicago Real-Time Detection of Actinide Compositions in the UREX Process
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Brookhaven National Laboratory Columbia University State University of NY, Stony Brook Deployment of a Suite of High-Performance Computational Tools for Multi-scale Multi-physics Simulation of Generation IV Reactors
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Idaho State University Ohio State University Risk-Informed Balancing of Safety, Non-proliferation, and Economics for the Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor (SFR)
21
GNEP Readiness Projects FY 2007
22
GNEP Readiness Projects FY 2007 (cont.)
23
GNEP Readiness Projects FY 2007 (cont.)
24
FY 2008 and Beyond
  • Future Plans
  • Have two types of Funding Opportunity
    Announcements per year
  • NERI for Individual Principal Investigators
  • NERI for Consortia
  • Both funded by NE RD Programs
  • NERI funding levels are dependent upon level of
    GNEP funding approved by Congress

25
Research Reactors and Fuel
  • Provide fuel to any of the 26 reactors that
    require it
  • Work with NNSA to convert university reactors
    from HEU to LEU
  • Texas AM 2006
  • Florida 2006
  • Purdue 2007
  • Oregon State 2008
  • Washington State 2008
  • Wisconsin 2009
  • Working with NNSA to meet Secretary of Energys
    mandate to convert all research reactors to LEU
    by 2014

26
Research Reactors and Fuel (cont.)
  • NNSAs Role
  • Provide all necessary funding for designing,
    constructing and starting up the new fuel
    fabrication capability required for manufacturing
    the new, low-enriched uranium fuel
  • Provide funding for the initial low-enriched
    uranium lead test assemblies for the converted
    reactors necessary to obtain regulatory approval
    for regular operation and for LEU fuel for the
    reactors to replace any HEU fuel removed prior to
    the end of its normal service lifetime and that
    was also removed to facilitate conversion to LEU
    fund

27
Research Reactors and Fuel (cont.)
  • NEs Role
  • Provide all necessary funding for the operation
    and maintenance of the new fuel fabrication
    capability
  • Provide all necessary funding for the shipment of
    HEU fuel to the proper disposal sites, the
    fabrication and shipment of all subsequent new
    fuel and the subsequent shipment of spent fuel
    from the operation of these reactors

28
Research Reactors and Fuel (cont.)
  • Future Conversions Post 2009
  • MIT, MURR, NRAD, HFIR, ATR, NIST
  • NNSA is responsible for development of the new
    U-Moly dispersion fuel for these reactors
  • Fuel development work is expected to be completed
    in 2010 to allow for fuel fabrication in support
    of core conversions

29
The New Harnessed Atom and Outreach
  • Harnessed Atom module introduced in
  • Pittsburgh Cambridge, Massachusetts Columbia
    and Rolla, Missouri Idaho North Carolina
    Virginia
  • Want to offer it to everyone once pilot program
    is completed
  • Searching for funding mechanism to ensure
    Harnessed Atom is available for those who desire
    to use it
  • Updating to include GNEP concepts during FY
    2007/08
  • Video Nuclear Engineering A Fulfilling
    Career
  • Many copies distributed
  • More available
  • Web streaming coming soon

30
Teaching/Outreach Success The Harnessed Atom
  • The Original Harnessed Atom
  • Science educational curriculum developed 20 years
    ago by DOE Office of Nuclear Energy for junior
    high classrooms
  • Includes a Teachers Guide, Student Reader,
    experiments and activities, and a video in
    mini-CD format (originally a filmstrip)
  • Though designed for junior-high age students, it
    tested successfully on non-science major
    students through Junior College level
  • 10,000 classroom sets produced by DOE

31
The Harnessed Atom
  • The Harnessed Atoms Success
  • Used by over 1.5 million students and translated
    into at least 4 foreign languages
  • Recommended or promoted by leading teacher
    associations NSTA, ASCD, NEA
  • Called the gold standard in nuclear educational
    material by ANS PA staff
  • Widely reprinted by utilities, school systems,
    private sector, and other countries

32
The Harnessed Atom
  • What teachers told us
  • Students are being short-changed on essential
    information about nuclear science, health
    physics, and engineering
  • In major textbooks, still presented inaccurately
    or in biased language
  • Often skimmed over or not taught at all in high
    school physics classes
  • Many teachers feel ill-prepared to teach topic,
    and do not have good classroom materials
  • Need a high school version
  • Typical high school physics does not include
    nuclear science
  • One Dimensional Motion
  • Projectile Motion
  • Forces
  • Momentum
  • Work-Energy
  • Planetary Motion
  • Electricity
  • Magnetism
  • Waves (water, sound, light)
  • Optics
  • Relativity

33
The Harnessed Atom High School Honors Edition
  • Now, a Re-designed High School Curriculum . . .
  • For advanced students grades 11-12
  • Updated content and format
  • Worked with public schools to review and validate
    through Pilot Test of the curriculum
  • 07-08 Field Testing a revised edition in
    regions across the U.S.
  • Next Distribute curriculum nationally in
    partnership with Labs, academic institutions,
    public and private sector

34
The Harnessed Atom High School Honors Edition
  • The Curriculum . . .
  • Increases awareness at the pre-college level for
    students interested in sciences and
    engineering, nuclear engineering, and health
    physics
  • Helps high school students make informed choices
    about college majors and career options
  • ? Supports Department of Energy mission to
    foster education and understanding of
    energy technologies and options

35
The Harnessed Atom High School Honors Edition
  • This partnership is important
  • Connects public school educators, professional
    societies, DOE, research facilities, and private
    sector to strengthen the teaching of nuclear
    science
  • Helps students to become informed decision-makers
    on energy issues and policy as they become adult
    citizens
  •  Perhaps most importantly expands students
    awareness of choices for college majors that they
    might overlook, including exciting career options
    in the health physics, nuclear energy, nuclear
    medicine, research, and engineering

36
CHAPTERS
3) Atoms and Isotopes 4) Radiation 5) Nuclear
Reactions 6) Nuclear power 7) Nuclear By-products
and Waste 8) Assessing Risk
Cloud Chamber trails Seeing is believing
  • Experiments with radioactive material
  • Geiger counters
  • Background radiation
  • Sources--gas light mantles, uranium ore

MOST IMPORTANT LESSON These materials can be
handled safely
37
Walking around Penn State after the tour of the
reactor
Ben was extremely excited and said Mr. Iasella,
youve messed everything up! I was planning to
travel, take off from school, but this stuff is
really cool. I want to know how it all works! I
never would have though I would have liked
physics in the beginning of school.
Teachers dont know what topics would light a
fire for individual students
These 2 students are going into the nuclear field
Without this unit, they would never have
considered it
2 out of 70 at Schenley High School Seems small?
Typically only 2-5 would even consider
engineering or science.
38
Non-Program Factors That Contributed to Broader
Support of Nuclear Engineering Education
  • Formalized Organization of NE Department Chairs
    (NEDHO)
  • Formalized Organization of University Reactor
    Directors (TRTR)
  • Employing Professional Organization
    Infrastructure to help communicate message
    (American Nuclear Society)
  • Hiring full-time representative with strong
    Congressional resume to carry the message forward
  • Engage international community and organizations
    (IAEA, NEA) in bringing issues (workforce
    development/ manpower shortages) to world stage
  • Intangibles
  • Having the head of the Office of Nuclear Energy
    thoroughly engaged in university nuclear
    engineering support
  • Champion within the sponsoring agency

39
Summary
  • University Nuclear Engineering Support Program,
    built steadily, achieved success and is now
    evolving
  • Administrations desire to support universities
    via NE mission-related research is a current
    political reality that could change in a year or
    two
  • Much skepticism in NE community many prefer NE
    education programs of the past decade since the
    perception is that infrastructure, not research,
    is at risk with revised approach
  • FY 2008 will be a pivotal year as Congress
    debates the best way to support nuclear
    engineering at universities
  • House has funding for NRC (15M)
  • Senate has funding for DOE (15M)
  • Outcome? No one can predict

40
Summary
  • Within NE, fuel support continues unhindered with
    additional funds being considered over the next
    few years to enable NE to continue to support
    HEU to LEU conversions and rebuild fuel inventory
    for university research reactors
  • MOU between NE and NNSA has now been agreed to
    outlining responsibilities for future conversions
    and fuel fabrication efforts
  • GNEP Readiness (3.8M) and NERI-C (10.3M)
    funding will be made available to universities by
    the close of FY 2007 (September 30th)
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