English America

1
English America

• 1500-1733

2
North America 1600

• Largely unexplored
• Effectively unclaimed by Europeans

3

• Spanish _at_ Santa Fe 1610
• French _at_ Quebec 1608
• English _at_ Jamestown 1607

4
England- 1500s- Little Interest

• Religious conflict
• Ireland

5
The English

• Seadogs
• Sir Francis Drake
• Newfoundland
• Sir Henry Gilbert
• Sir Walter Raleigh
• Ronoake
• Mysteriously vanished

6
1588

• English Defeat the Spanish Armada
• Protestant Wind
• Marked the beginning of the end of Spains
  imperial dream.
• Helped England become a major power.

7
England

• Naval dominance
• Strong national unified state
• Religious unity
• Nationalism
• National destiny
• Golden Age of Literature
• Shakespeare

8
On the Eve of Empire

• Population- 4 million
• Enclosure Movement
• Economic Depression (Woolen District)
• New mobile population
• Law of Promigenture

9
Essential preconditions for English colonization
in the early 1600s

• (1) creating the opportunity
• (2) providing the colonists and workers?
• (3) providing the motivation?
• (4) securing the financial means?

10
Essential preconditions for English colonization
in the early 1600s.

• (1) creating the opportunity
• (2) providing the colonists and workers?
• (3) providing the motivation?
• (4) securing the financial means?

11
Virginia

• 1606- Joint Stock Company
• What is a joint stock company
• Virginia Company of London (Charter)
• Why do the authors say that the charter of the
  Virginia Company is important to American
  history?
• Objective
• Gold!
• Passage to the Indies
• Few Years- Liquidate
• Not in it for the long term.

12

• Led near the mouth of Chesapeake Bay
• Went on to James River
• Mosquito infested.

13
Early Years of Jamestown

• Devastating
• Starving Time
• Disease
• Malnutrition
• Saved
• Captain John Smith.
• 1608
• He who shall not work, shall not eat.
• PSD- The Starving Time 1609-1610

14
Pocahontas
15
We are out of here!

• Lord De La Warr
• Harsh military regime
• 1625- 1,200 remained

16
Cultural Clash in the Chesapeake

• Loose confederacy
• Lord De La Warr
• Irish Tactics
• 1614- Peace Settlement
• Rolfe and Pocahontas
• Anglo- Powhattan Wars
• What is the connection the authors make between
  the results of the Second Anglo-PowhatanWar in
  1644 and future American policy toward Native
  Americans?
• Perpetual War without peace or truce
• By 1699- only 2,000 Indians remained (10)
• Victims of
• Disease
• Disorganization
• Disposability
• List one or two positive and negative
  consequences of the European incursion on Native
  American populations

17
Indians New World

• Demographic and Cultural Changes
• Horses
• Disease
• Extinguished entire cultures
• Robbed of elders
• Reinvent themselves
• Trade
• Firearms
• Indian on Indian Violence
• Indians along the cost felt the most ferocious
  effects of European Contact
• Father inland- advantages of time, space and
  numbers

18
Virginia Tobacco

• John Rolfe
• Bewitching weed
• King Nicotine
• Positives
• Negatives

19
1619- SLAVE
20
Representative Government

• House of Burgesses
• First of mini-parliaments
• Why do you think the authors imply on p. 33 that
  the British crown eventually came to regret the
  establishment of such mini-Parliaments?

21
James I

• Hated tobacco
• Hated House of Burgesses
• 1624-Revoked Charter- Virginia Company
• Virginia- ROYAL COLONY

22
Maryland Catholic Haven

• Second plantation colony
• Fourth English colony
• 1634
• Lord Baltimore (absentee proprietor)
• Financial profit
• Refuge for Catholics
• Modeled on English aristocracy
• Problems with Protestant
  backcountry planters.
• Freedom of Worship
• Act of Toleration
• 1649
• All Christians
• Not Jews and Athiests PSD The Intoerant Act
  of Toleration 1649

23
West Indies

• SUGAR
• Rich mans crop
• Capital intensive
• Black Slaves
• Outnumbered whites
• Barbados Slave Codes
• How could a relatively small number of Europeans
  have forced perpetual slavery on so many
  Africans? Look at the excerpt from the Barbados
  Slave Code (p. 36) that formed the legal basis
  for slavery in America (1) What were the legal
  rights of slaves relative to their masters? (2)
  What underlying mental assumptions or
  rationales do you think could have led people of
  that time to enact such a code?
• PSD A West Indian Planter Reflects on Slavery in
  the Barbados.

24
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25
Carolinas
26
Civil War in England

• Colonization stalled- 1640s
• Charles 1 dismissed parliament
• Beheaded
• Oliver Cromwell (Puritan)
• 1660- Charles II restored.
• Restoration Period- Empire Building Resumed.

27
Carolinas

• 1670
• King granted to eight friends
• Close ties with English West Indies
• Rice
• African Slaves
• Charlestown
• Aristocratic
• Diverse
• Problems with border of Florida

28
North Carolina

• Resistance to Authority
• 1712- separated from South Carolina
• Democratic
• Independent minded
• Least aristocratic

29
Georgia

• 1733
• Last of 13 colonies
• Buffer colony
• Protect from Spain (FLA) and French (LA)
• Monetary subsidies of Britain
• Named after King George II
• Founded by Philantrophists
• Produce luxury goods
• Haven for debtors
• Savannah
• Diverse
• Religious toleration
• Least populated colony

30
Plantation ColoniesWhat are the distinguishing
characteristics of the southern colonies
discussed in the last section of this chapter?

• Maryland
• Virginia
• North Carolina
• South Carolina
• Georgia

• Export commercial products
• Slavery
• Aristocratic (ex. NC)
• Few cities and schools
• Some religious toleration
• Expansionary
• Went west for more land.

31
Journal

• What made some able to survive in the New World,
  while others failed?