Development and Test of a 5 kW Wind Turbine for Modular Autonomous Supply Systems

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1 March 2006

• Development and Test of a 5 kW Wind Turbine for
  Modular Autonomous Supply Systems

Berthold HahnPaul Kühn Institut für Solare
Energieversorgungstechnik (ISET), Division
Information and Energy Economy Kassel, Germany  

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Development of a small wind turbine for the
modular system technology Supported by the German
Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature
Conservation and Nuclear Safety
Development and design of mechanical components
Grid parallel pilot operation
Testing within an autonomous supply system
Concept study and market analysis
Project management and development of the control
unit
Airfoil analysis
Development of the generator
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Background
Modular system technology provides smart,
customised decentralpower supply systems, but up
to now no appropriate wind turbine. ? new
development neccessary ? intense cost pressure
Objective
Development of a small wind turbine that is
compatible with modular electrical power systems
and near to the price level of large wind
turbines. ? retail price lt 2000 / kW
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Approach
Outcome
Integrated design concept, ? load-bearing
casing, passive yaw control State of the art
control unit ? (grid connection, monitoring and
remote control) Simple electrical concept with
? specially designed generator Rotor blades
which are easy to ? manufacture
Fully enclosed nacelle protects all parts against
corrosion and external media, weight and cost
reduction, downwind turbine with free yaw No
additional features needed when operating in
autonomos supply systems, cost reduction Compatib
ility with modular power supply systems and
conventional electrical grids, increased
efficiency, cost reduction Significant cost
reduction with little loss in efficiency
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Technical data aeroSmart5
Rotor blades Pultruded glass fibre reinforced
plastic (GRP) High lift to drag ratio Constant
airfoil section throughout the length Not
twisted, fixed angle throughout the length
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Setup of the system
Measurements (1 Hz and 60 Hz)
AC-Bus
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Tests focus on...

• ? Optimisation of the control system
• reactive power compensation
• hysteresis loop switching between generator
  stages
• stepping procedure between generator stages
• brake control
• ? Operation of different system configurations
  with special emphasis on analysis of interaction
  between wind turbine and battery inverters
• ? Reaction and stability of the yaw system under
  turbulent wind conditions
• ? Investigation of dynamic processes
• oscillations of nacelle and tower
• dynamic behaviour of electrical properties
• fluctuation of electrical power under influence
  of stall effect

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...
Battery charging effects
Alte Schanze system configuration with two dump
loads (1 kW and 5 kW) 1-min-average, 2005-07-20
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aeroSmart5 measured power curve
Alte Schanze, 10-min-data 2005-12-01 to
2006-01-26
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Outlook
? Optimisation of interaction between wind
turbine and hybrid power system ? improvement of
battery charge process ? Test of single-phase
model (60 Hz) for the US-American
market ? Launch in 2007 ? Development of a 10
kW model