Slide sem ttulo

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EPRI/NSF WORKSHOP
Urgent Opportunities for Transmission System
Enhancement
The Energy Situation in Brazil
Fernando França 2001, Oct, 11
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Presentation Structure

• An Overview of Brazilian Power Sector -
  Institutional and Regulatory Aspects
• ONS - The Brazilian ISO
• An Overview of Brazilian Power System - The
  National Interconnected Power System (NIPS)
• Facing the Shortage
• Final Remarks

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New Players in the Brazilian Power Sector
Regulatory Agencies ANEEL ANA ANP
Government CNPE MME SEN CCPE
policies
regulation
Power Industry
Wholesale Market administration
system operation
ONS
MAE
Sectorial Agents Gencos Transcos
Discos Energy Traders Free and Captive Consumers
deverticalization
privatization
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Transmission Function

• Competition for concession Global - to build
  and to operate the transmission assets
• Transmission Charge Distcos Gencos directly
  paying Transcos.
• Expansion and OM cost recover guarantee in the
  transmission contracts -CPST and CUST
• Rhythm of construction is assured by bidding or
  auctioning processes conducted by ANEEL
• Expansion Planning Process
• Long-term for indicative purpose provided
  by MME/CCPE
• Short/mid-term for bidding/auction conducted
  by ANEEL
• Consequences
• Reliability and quality of service improvements -
  responsibilities stated in contracts and
  throughout grid procedures
• Significant Energy Gains - interregional
  interconnection built up
• Free access guaranteed to promote competition and
  to reduce costs.

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ONS
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Mission and Values

• THE ONS MISSION STATEMENT
• To guarantee continuity, quality and economy of
  the electric power supply to all users of the
  National Interconnected Power System

Law 9648 of 27/05/98, Decree 2.655 of 02/07/98,
Resolution ANEEL - 351 of 12/11/98
Company Values
Equity
Transparency
Integrity
Excellence
Fair competition in market implies in equal
treatment of agents under stable pre established
rules
ONS actions affect business decisions of agents,
thus informationmust be simultaneously available
to all agents
ONS ensures open access to the grid and
centralized dispatch of G and T
Importance of power supply to the social and
economic development of the country
requiresbest-practices
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ONS Responsibilities - where they start and end
Attributions

• planning and programming of the operation and
  centralized dispatch of generation
• supervision and coordination of the System
  Oeration Centers
• operation supervision control of national
  international systems
• contracting administration of T services,
  access to main T network and ancillary services
• proposals to ANEEL f/expansions
  reinforcements of Main T Network
• definition of rules for operation of Main T
  Network

Macro-functions

• Planning and Programming the Operation of the
  National Interconnected Power System - NIPS
• Real Time Operation
• Administration of Transmission

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ONS Activities in the Administration of T Services
Transmission System Expansion
Long term planning ofG T grids
Reinforcement and improvement of main grid

• Methodology
• Long term planning
• indicative purpose
• provided by MME/CCPE
• Short term planning (PAR)
• for bidding purpose
• harmony with long term
• provided by ONS
• PAR
• Allows for
• open access to main grid ( gt 230kV)
• quality and reliability levels stated in grid
  procedures
• Aims at
• provide non-discriminatory access to grid
• improve service availability
• interregional links increase energy savings

10 to 25 year horizonCCPE
3 year horizonONS
Approval by Ministry
Adjudication process ANEEL
BIDDING
AUTHORIZATION
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Characteristics of the NIPS National
Interconnected Power System
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Background for Operations Coordination in Brazil
Singular characteristics of power system
Interdependence in each river
Coordination within basin
Integration among basins
Integration among regional subsystems
Hydrothermal coordination
Interconnectionby transmission
Growing importancewith thermal expansion
Synergic gains account for the increase of about
20in energy availability
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National Interconnected Power System - Todays
Numbers
Max. Demand 55,000 MW Installed Cap. /-
65,700 MW Hidroelectric 58.043 MW Thermal
(conventional) 5,042 MW Thermal-nuclear 1,966
MW Production 357 TWh 94 from hydro 55 of
South American Market Storage Total 236,523
MW/mon. TL gt 230kV 67,000 km Consumers 47
million Annual Revenues R 28 billion
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National Interconnected Power System
Structure of Verified Offer in 2000
Basic Reference Stucture for Offer in 2001
Total Variable resources - 87,5
Total Variable Resources - 93.2
Hydro - National 69
Hydro - National 67,5
Hydro - Itaipu 20
Hydro- Itaipu 24,2
Thermal Conventional 4,2
Thermal Conventional 6,5
Thermo nuclear 4
Thermal nuclear 1,6
Importation 2
Importation 1
Total Fixed Resources - 12,5
Total Fixed Resources - 6,8
Hydrological Forecast SE/CO 80 MLT NE
72 MLT Results by July SE/CO 72 MLT NE
50 MLT
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The Role of Transmission in the Brazilian Power
System

• The system is basically hydroelectric with
  plants in different basins, with seasonal
  complementarity, located far from the load
  centers? transmission system is more than
  energy transportation, it works as an integration
  factor
• It allows optimal exploitation of water in
  reservoirs ? by using basins hydrological
  complementation, and also hydrothermal dispatch
• To illustrate the construction of EHV 500kV,
  interregional N/S connection (previously not
  connected) has aggregated 1,850 MWmed of energy
  to the system, by firming hydroenergy.

• Northeast Subsystem
• Tends to become an importing system in the future
• Today imports or exports depending on hydro
  conditions

North Subsystem Exports energy and peak capacity
9 months per year
South Subsystem Today variable storage
conditions define interchange to / from
SE-CW Future tends to become an exporting system

• SE/CW Subsystem
• Large storage capacity in many reservoirs
• Large energy market importing from other regions
  and countries

GarabiAcarayUruguaiana
Transmission in the Brazilian system serves for
system integration and works as virtual power
plants
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Interregional Interconnections
Fortaleza 500kV
Imperatriz 500kV
P.Dutra 500kV
Tucurui 500kV
NORTHEAST
B.Esperança 500kV
NORTH
Itaparica 500kV
UHE Lajeado
G.Mangabeira 500kV
Ivaiporã 765kV
T.Preto 500kV
S.Mesa 500kV
B.J.Lapa 500kV
Samambaia 500kV
T.Preto 345kV
SOUTHEAST
Ibiuna 500kV
Itumbiara 500kV
Ivaiporã 525kV
Emborcação 500kV
Marimbondo 500kV
Bateias 500kV
SOUTH
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The Energy Crisis
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The Loss of Regularization - National Linked
System
Delay in construction
Increasing reduction of the storage
Multi Year System ? Annual
Reduction of the storage Consequence
Increase of the risks of deficit
Increase of operational marginal costs
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Evolution of Water Storage Reserves - from 96 to
2001
Southeast/Central-West
April
October
EARmáx de 1996 a 2001
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001


System reservoirs progressively lost multi-year
regulating capacity
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Crisis Management Structure
GOVERNMENT COUNCIL President Ministers
ENERGY CRISIS MANAGEMENT BUREAU
Executive Core
Technical Committee
Committee
COMISSIONS
WORK GROUPS
Specific Committees
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Present Perspectives for 2001- a summary
SOUTH Inflows present levels of storage, plus
the 7 voluntary load reduction show that with
the maximization of transfer of power to the
Southeast/Central-West, it is very improbable
that the South will be included in the rationing
program SOUTHEAST/CENTRAL-WEST (Rationing
20 of load) Inflows and present levels of
storage slightly higher than forecasted, plus the
present load reduction suggest that the chances
are very good that implementation of plan B may
not be necessary. NORTH (Rationing 20 of
load) Updated evaluations show a high
probability of inflows around 76 MLT
andrationing 20 of load (reference 2000) in
region as of mid August, with differentiated
percentages by consumer class, will allow
transfers of 800 MWmed to the Northeast region.
Based on historical data, it is very probable
that rationing will finish in December, when
Tucuruí plant will start spilling. NORTHEAST
(Rationing 20 of load) All possible measures
have been taken and transference to the region
is at its limit (1.300 MWmed). Therefore,
Northeast operates now as an isolated
system.Inflows of 60 MLT permit attending
needs without the use of plan B
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Emergency Plan for Energy Offer Expansion -
General View
OFFER EXPANSION
Type of source
(Unit)
2001
2002
2003
Total
HYDROELECTRIC PLANTS (21)
1.237
3.513
3.053
7.803
THERMOELECTRIC PLANTS (15)
1.517
2.226
2.680
6.423
IMPORTATION (6)
1.048
988
800
2.836
SMALL HYDRO PLANTS
46,9
400
400
846,9
COGENERATION
160
300
500
960
EOLIC / PHOTOVOLTIC
50
500
500
1.050
TOTAL (MW)
4.058,9
7.927
7.933
19.918,9
T LINES - Km (13)
505
1.191
4.340
6.036
2.000 MVA
2.847 MVA
4.847MVA
SUBSTATIONS (04)
2.180 Mvar
1.094 Mvar
3.274 Mvar
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Final Remarks

• A deep and complex process is being carried out
  in Brazil
• Effects are expected to be felt in 2-5 years
• Combination of facts have led to a shortage and
  demanded consumption rationing.
• Transmission system characteristics ? long lines
  interconnecting basins can provide virtual
  energy
• Shortage of transmission capacity leading to
  waste hydro energy
• These aspects create potential field for
  application of new technologies
• So far a FACTS device has been used in the
  North-Southeast interconnection in order to
  provide damping for low frequency oscillations