OBJECTIVES

1
Intermediate Referee Course
OBJECTIVES
Understand tactics and strategy found in U-12
matches Better understand referee and assistant
referee duties responsibilities Emphasize
referee team work
2
Intermediate Referee Course
OBJECTIVES
Utilize the diagonal system of control
effectively Communicate effectively and
correctly Increased knowledge of
Offside Identify all fouls and all forms of
misconduct
3
Intermediate Referee Course
OBJECTIVES
Understand and manage interactions between
coaches, players and officials Understand the
AYSO National Referee Program Become adept with
AYSO Rules and Regulations.
4
CHARACTERISTICS OF U-12 PLAYERS
5
Physical/Gross Motor Development
Still somewhat uncoordinated Soccer skills are
being refined
Social and Emotional Development
Boys and girls are both transitioning from
childhood into adolescence Each has a strong
need for recognition from fellow players
6
Cognitive/Thought Development
Finds it difficult to control emotions when under
pressure or in adverse conditions. They have
less regard for adult values than they had in
younger years
7
General
Mental and physical skills begin to be
balanced They occasionally display childish
behavior and have a tendency for
horseplay Individuals at this age are
self-critical, so referees must be positive in
their approach
8
Touchline Maximum 130 yards Minimum 100
yards Goal Line Maximum 100 yards Minimum
50 yards
The Field of Play
Goals
8 feet high 8 yards wide
Ball
Size 4
9
Teams
Maximum of 12 on the roster. Nine players per
team on the field (9v9). One of which is the
goalkeeper.
Game Duration
Two 30-minute halves. Substitutions approx. 15
minutes into the each half. Halftime break is
5-10 minutes.
Note that FIFA permits five (5) modifications to
the Laws for youth matches.
10
In AYSO, Its about more than the game !
11
OBJECTIVES OF THE GAME ATTACKERS
DEFENDERS
12
OBJECTIVES OF THE GAME ATTACKERS
DEFENDERS SCORE
13
OBJECTIVES OF THE GAME ATTACKERS
DEFENDERS SCORE STOP SCORING
14
OBJECTIVES OF THE GAME ATTACKERS
DEFENDERS SCORE STOP SCORING ADVANCE
15
OBJECTIVES OF THE GAME ATTACKERS
DEFENDERS SCORE STOP SCORING ADVANCE DELAY

16
OBJECTIVES OF THE GAME ATTACKERS
DEFENDERS SCORE STOP SCORING ADVANCE DELAY
MAINTAIN POSSESSION
17
OBJECTIVES OF THE GAME ATTACKERS
DEFENDERS SCORE STOP SCORING ADVANCE DELAY
MAINTAIN POSSESSION REGAIN POSSESSION
18
OBJECTIVES OF THE GAME ATTACKERS
DEFENDERS SCORE STOP SCORING ADVANCE DELAY
MAINTAIN POSSESSION REGAIN POSSESSION
19
PRINCIPLES OF PLAY ATTACKERS DEFENDERS
20
PRINCIPLES OF PLAY ATTACKERS
DEFENDERS PENETRATION
21
PRINCIPLES OF PLAY ATTACKERS
DEFENDERS PENETRATION DELAY
22
PRINCIPLES OF PLAY ATTACKERS
DEFENDERS PENETRATION DELAY DEPTH
23
PRINCIPLES OF PLAY ATTACKERS
DEFENDERS PENETRATION DELAY DEPTH DEPTH
24
PRINCIPLES OF PLAY ATTACKERS
DEFENDERS PENETRATION DELAY DEPTH DEPTH
MOBILITY
25
PRINCIPLES OF PLAY ATTACKERS
DEFENDERS PENETRATION DELAY DEPTH DEPTH
MOBILITY BALANCE
26
PRINCIPLES OF PLAY ATTACKERS
DEFENDERS PENETRATION DELAY DEPTH DEPTH
MOBILITY BALANCE WIDTH
27
PRINCIPLES OF PLAY ATTACKERS
DEFENDERS PENETRATION DELAY DEPTH DEPTH
MOBILITY BALANCE WIDTH CONCENTRATION
28
PRINCIPLES OF PLAY ATTACKERS
DEFENDERS PENETRATION DELAY DEPTH DEPTH
MOBILITY BALANCE WIDTH CONCENTRATION CREATIVITY
29
PRINCIPLES OF PLAY ATTACKERS
DEFENDERS PENETRATION DELAY DEPTH DEPTH
MOBILITY BALANCE WIDTH CONCENTRATION CREATIVITY
COMPOSURE
30
PRINCIPLES OF PLAY ATTACKERS
DEFENDERS PENETRATION DELAY DEPTH DEPTH
MOBILITY BALANCE WIDTH CONCENTRATION CREATIVITY
COMPOSURE
31
Reading the Game
32
U-12 Match
AR
The Attacker has lost the ball. NOW what is his
Objective?
What is this Attackers Objective?
A
D
D
R
Where does the Referee want to move?
What is this Defenders Objective?
What is this Defenders NEW Objective?
33
U-12 Match
AR
What is this Defenders Objective?
What is this Attackers Objective?
A
D
D
A
R
D
What should the Referee anticipate?
34
U-12 Match
AR
What should the Referee anticipate?
What is this Defenders Objective?
R
D
D
A
D
D
A
What is this Attackers Objective?
35
Checking for Learning

• FIFA permits certain modifications to the Laws of
  the Game. How many general modifications do they
  allow?
• Five
• What are they?
• Size of the field of play
• Size, weight and material of the ball
• Width between the goalposts and the height of
  the crossbar
• Duration of the periods of play
• Substitutions

36
Checking for Learning
What is the maximum and minimum length of the
touchline? Maximum 130 yards Minimum 100
yards Name three of the five Attacking
Principles. Penetration Advancing the
ball Depth Supporting teammates Mobility
Creating attacking opportunities Width
Attacking on a broad front Creativity
Individual flair
37
Checking for Learning
Name three of the five Defending
Principles. Delay Slowing down the
attack Depth Supporting teammates Balance
Reading the attack adjusting position Concentrati
on Compressing the attack Composure Patience
38
In AYSO, Its about more than the game !
39
FOULS
40
FOULS
Write these down !!

• In order to be a Foul,
• the incident must be committed
• By a player
• Against an opposing player
• On the field of play
• While the ball is in play
• All four criteria MUST be met, or it isnt a foul
  !

41
FOULS
There are ten of them
There are two types of fouls and Indirect
Free Kick Fouls

• Seven conditional fouls.
• Must be committed in a manner considered by the
  referee to be
• Careless
• Reckless
• Using excessive force
• Three un-conditional fouls.
• If they happened.then theyre fouls

Direct Free Kick Fouls
42
Direct Free Kick Fouls
Seven conditional fouls

• Kicks or attempts to kick an opponent
• Trips or attempts to trip an opponent
• Strikes or attempts to strike an opponent
• Jumps at an opponent
• Charges an opponent
• Pushes an opponent
• Tackles an opponent

• Kicks or attempts to kick an opponent
• Trips or attempts to trip an opponent
• Strikes or attempts to strike an opponent
• Jumps at an opponent
• Charges an opponent
• Pushes an opponent
• Tackles an opponent

• Kicks or attempts to kick an opponent
• Trips or attempts to trip an opponent
• Strikes or attempts to strike an opponent
• Jumps at an opponent
• Charges an opponent
• Pushes an opponent
• Tackles an opponent

43
The Conditions
Careless the player has not used due caution in
making a play. Reckless the player has made
unnatural movements designed to intimidate an
opponent or to gain an unfair advantage. Excessiv
e Force the player has far exceeded the use of
force necessary to make a fair play for the ball
and has endangered an opponent.
44
The remaining three DFK fouls are

• Holds an opponent
• Spits at an opponent
• Handles the ball deliberately (except for the
  goalkeeper within his own penalty area)
• (This is a foul against the opposing team)

• Holds an opponent
• Spits at an opponent
• Handles the ball deliberately (except for the
  goalkeeper within his own penalty area)

45
Indirect Free Kick Fouls
The IFK fouls fall into two groups
Four that are committed solely by the goalkeeper
Three that can be committed by anyone.
46
Four IFK Fouls committed solely by the goalkeeper

• Takes more than six seconds while controlling the
  ball with his hands before releasing it from his
  possession.
• Touches the ball again with his hands after
  releasing it from his possession and before it
  has been touched by any other player.

47
Four IFK Fouls committed solely by the goalkeeper

• Touches the ball with his hands after it has been
  deliberately kicked to him by a team-mate
• Touches the ball with his hands after he has
  received it directly from a throw-in taken by a
  team-mate.

48
Three IFK Fouls committed by anyone

• Plays in a dangerous manner
• Impedes the progress of an opponent
• Prevents the goalkeeper from releasing the ball
  from his hands

49
Philosophy of Refereeing

• The Laws of the Game are intended to provide that
  games should be played with as little
  interference as possible, and in this view it is
  the duty of the referee to penalize only
  deliberate breaches of the Law.
• Constant whistling for trifling and doubtful
  breaches produces bad feelings and loss of temper
  on the part of the players and spoils the
  pleasure of spectators.

50
Law 5 Advantage
The referee allows play to continue when the
team against which an offense has been committed
will benefit from such an advantage . . .
If the advantage situation does not benefit the
offended team within 2-3 seconds, the referee
should stop the match and penalize the original
foul
51
Law 5 Advantage

• The ability to thwart the offenders unfair
  actions by allowing play to continue is unique to
  soccer
• Once the referee has negated the fouls influence
  on play, she can and should, discipline the
  player (later) for misconduct if appropriate.
• The Law specifies that if no benefit arises for
  the team against which the offense was committed,
  the referee MAY use its absence to cancel his
  decision, even if he has signaled Advantage
  Play On.

52
Advantage Case Studies
A tripped attacker stumbles but keeps her feet
and takes a shot on goal. What does the referee
do?
53
Advantage Case Studies
A tripped attacker stumbles but keeps her feet.
However, in stumbling, she is unable to maintain
possession of the ball and it is collected by a
defender. What does the referee do?
54
Advantage Case Studies
A tripped attacker stumbles but keeps her feet
and passes the ball to a teammate, but the ball
sails over the touch line out of play. What does
the referee do?
55
Advantage Case Studies
A tripped attacker stumbles and falls, but the
ball goes directly to her teammate who continues
toward goal. What does the referee do?
56
POSSIBLY DOUBTFUL RARELY
57
In AYSO, Its about more than the game !
58
MISCONDUCT
59
Cautions
How many?
7
60
P
U
D
D
L
E
D
61
ersistently infringes the Laws of the Game
P
nsporting behaviour
U
issent by word or action
D
elays the restart of play
D
eaves the field of play (deliberately) without
the referees permission
L
nters or re-enters the field of play without the
referees permission
E
istance Fails to respect the required distance
when play is restarted with a corner kick, free
kick or throw-in
D
62
Send Offs
How many?
7
63
Guilty of violent conduct
1
Guilty of serious foul play
2
Uses offensive or insulting or abusive language
and/or gestures
3
Spits at an opponent or any other person
4
Denies a goal or an obvious goalscoring
opportunity by deliberately handling the ball
5
Denies an obvious goalscoring opportunity to an
opponent moving towards the players goal by an
offence punishable by a free kick or a penalty
kick
6
Receives a second caution in the same match
7
64
MISCONDUCT
If play is stopped to issue a caution or send-off
in conjunction with the commission of a foul, the
restart would be an IFK, a DFK or a PK as
appropriate.
A player may carry out a combination of
Misconduct and Foul, and the referee may sanction
either or both
65
MISCONDUCT

• If the referee stops play for misconduct only,
  the restart will be
• Indirect Free Kick if the misconduct is committed
  on the field of play (by a player or substitute)
• Dropped ball otherwise (typically when misconduct
  occurs off the field of play)

66
MISCONDUCT

• Cards are only shown to players or substitutes.
• Cards are NEVER shown to coaches or other team
  officials, although they may be verbally warned
  or dismissed.
• A report must be submitted to the proper
  authority in either situation.

67
The steps of control
Terminate
Suspend
Send Off
Caution
Whistle
Warn
Talk
A look
68
Checking for Learning
If a player jumps up-and-down to obstruct or
prevent a player from carrying out a throw-in, is
this a foul or misconduct? Misconduct
(Unsporting Behavior) What is the offense if a
player forcefully strikes an opponent while they
are competing for the ball? Serious Foul Play
69
Checking for Learning
What is the offense if a player strikes another
player while waiting for a corner kick to be
taken? Violent Conduct What are the three DFK
fouls for which even the attempt can be a
foul? Kicking or attempting to kick an
opponent Tripping or attempting to trip an
opponent Striking or attempting to strike an
opponent
70
Checking for Learning
What are the seven conditional DFK fouls?

• Kicks or attempts to kick an opponent
• Trips or attempts to trip an opponent
• Strikes or attempts to strike an opponent
• Jumps at an opponent
• Charges an opponent
• Pushes an opponent
• Tackles an opponent

71
In AYSO, Its about more than the game !
72
OFFSIDE
The Offside Law is the only law that restricts
tactical positioning during dynamic play.
The offside law is intended to ensure that
players earn the right to shoot on goal.
73
OFFSIDE

• Elements of the offside infraction
• Position
• Time of Judgment
• Active Involvement
• All three elements must be present or there
  cannot be an infraction

74
OFFSIDE

• Offside Position
• A Player is in an offside position if he is
• In the opponents half of the field
• Closer to the opponents goal line than at least
  two opponents and
• Closer to the opponents goal line than the ball
• All three elements must be present or the player
  is not in an offside position, and there cannot
  be an infraction

75
Offside Position It is not an offence to be in
an offside position It just means that player
is momentarily off his team. He cannot interfere
with play or any of the opposing players. He
cannot have any involvement in the match. He is
off his team.
76
OFFSIDE
Time of Judgment Offside Position is judged at
the moment the ball touches or is played by one
of his team
77
OFFSIDE

• Active Involvement
• A player may be involved in active play by
• Interfering with play
• Interfering with an opponent or
• Gaining an advantage by being in that position.

78
OFFSIDE
Once all three of these conditions have been
met POSITION TIME OF JUDGMENT ACTIVE
INVOLVEMENT An offside infraction has
occurred An indirect free kick is awarded to the
opposing team from the place the infringement
occurred.
79
OFFSIDE
Exceptions There is no offence if a player
receives the ball directly from Goal
Kick Corner Kick Throw-In
80
Direction of attack
AR
OFFSIDE
A1
D
A2
A
A
D
A
81
Direction of attack
AR
NOT OFFSIDE
D
A1
A
A2
A
D
A
82
Direction of attack
AR
NOT OFFSIDE
D
A1
A
A2
A
D
A
A
A3
83
Direction of attack
AR
A1
A
OFFSIDE
D
D
A
A
A2
Deflection off Defender
84
Direction of attack
AR
WAIT AND SEE
D
A1
A
A3
A
D
A4
A
A
A
A2
85
Direction of attack
AR
NOT OFFSIDE Goal Kick
A2
A1
A
A
D
A
D
86
Direction of attack
AR
NOT OFFSIDE
A
D
D
A
87
Direction of attack
AR
OFFSIDE
A
A
A
D
D
88
Direction of attack
AR
OFFSIDE
But what if the GK had parried the ball ?? (Parry
Control) NO OFFSIDE
A
D
D
A
Deflection off goalpost or goalkeeper
89
Direction of attack
AR
OFFSIDE
A
D
D
A
90
Direction of attack
AR
OFFSIDE
WHERE IS PLAY RESTARTED?
D
A
A
A
A1
A2
D
D
91
Direction of attack
AR
NOT OFFSIDE
D
A
A
D
A
D
92
Direction of attack
Corner Kick
AR
A
A
A
OFFSIDE
D
D
D
93
Direction of attack
A
AR
Deflection off the Defender
A
D
NOT OFFSIDE
D
94
Key Takeaways It is not an offence to be in an
offside position Wait for Active Involvement
before signaling for offside The player is not
required to touch the ball for the offside to
be penalized
95
In AYSO, Its about more than the game !
96
Interaction with Coaches and Spectators
Have you ever had a situation where your behavior
as a referee either hurt or helped your ability
to officiate a match? What was special about
that behavior?
97
Interaction with Coaches and Spectators
SCENARIO In a U-10 game tensions are high.
Everyone is yelling advice and instructions at
the players. The coach of the Blue team has a
loud, booming voice. The more exciting the game
gets, the louder he gets. As referee, you see
many players on the opposing team freeze whenever
this loud coach yells instructions at his own
team. How can you, as referee, deal with this
situation? When do you start?
98
Interaction with Coaches and Spectators
SCENARIO You are the referee in a U-12 match.
The coaches of the Red team are constantly making
negative remarks to, and putting down, their own
players. You can tell that these are very
inexperienced coaches. What can you do to help
these coaches and the kids? When? Where? Who
should be present?
99
Interaction with Coaches and Spectators
SCENARIO During the first half of a U-12 match,
the Blue team coach has been complaining about
the referees calls almost every time a call goes
against her team. It is nearing the end of the
half. The referee notices parents from the Blue
team are beginning to complain. What can you,
the referee, do in this situation? When and how?
Who will you involve?
100

• Key Takeaways
• Referees are role models and set the tone for the
  match.
• Referees must interact appropriately with
  players, coaches and spectators.
• Referees are guardians of the game
• and must remember the concept
• of the AYSO Team.
• Referees must manage
• problems outside the touch lines.

101
In AYSO, Its about more than the game !
102
What are the duties of the referee?
What are the duties of the asst. referee?
103
Diagonal System of Control
104
Positioning and Movement
105
Positioning and Movement
106
Positioning and Movement
107
POSITIONING
108
Where would you position yourself as the Referee?
Kick-Off
AR
A
D
D
A
D
R
A
D
A
D
D
D
A
A
A
D
A
A
D
A
D
D
A
AR
109
AR
Throw-in
D
Where would you position yourself as the Referee?
A
A
D
D
A
D
D
D
A
D
R
D
A
A
110
AR
Corner Kick
Where would you position yourself as the Referee?
A
D
D
D
D
D
A
D
A
A
D
A
R
A
A
111
AR
A
Corner Kick
Where would you position yourself as the Referee?
D
A
D
D
D
A
A
D
A
D
D
A
D
A
R
112
General Positioning

• Dropped Ball
• Goal Kick
• Free Kicks
• Penalty Kick

113

• QUESTIONS
• What areas or lines of responsibility need to be
  covered? (There are more than twobut only two
  people to cover them)
• Who covers what? Why?
• What are the advantages and risks of your
  decision?
• Is your plan flexible?

Positioning Free kicks for the attacking team
in the attacking third of the field
Address these issues in your pregame !
114
Scenario 1 Where would you position yourself as
the Referee? Why? What are you covering? Where
do you want your AR? Why? What is he
covering? What areas of concern are you leaving
uncovered? Why? What are the advantages and
disadvantages of your choices? Is your plan
flexible? How?
A
A
D
D
D
A
A
D
A
A
D
D
D
A
A
D
D
Intermediate Referee Course - Lesson 5
115
Scenario 2 Where would you position yourself as
the Referee? Why? What are you covering? Where
do you want your AR? Why? What is he
covering? What areas of concern are you leaving
uncovered? Why? What are the advantages and
disadvantages of your choices? Is your plan
flexible? How?
A
A
D
D
A
D
A
D
A
D
D
D
D
A
A
D
Intermediate Referee Course - Lesson 5
116
Scenario 3 Where would you position yourself as
the Referee? Why? What are you covering? Where
do you want your AR? Why? What is he
covering? What areas of concern are you leaving
uncovered? Why? What are the advantages and
disadvantages of your choices? Is your plan
flexible? How?
A
D
A
D
A
D
D
A
A
D
A
D
D
D
D
D
A
A
Intermediate Referee Course - Lesson 5
117
Referee and Assistant Referee Communication
118
Assistant Referee
Always carry the flag in the hand closest to the
field When signaling, stop and face the field.
The flag is always in the appropriate hand when
making signals such that the arm never crosses
the body. Movement is most commonly
side-stepping, but the AR must run when
necessary.
119
Referee and Assistant Referee Communication

• Ready to start before each kick-off
• Ball still in play
• Infraction seen by lead assistant referee
• Infraction seen by trail assistant referee
• Infraction inside the penalty area, indicated by
  the referee

120
Referee and Assistant Referee Communication

• Direct free kick infraction signaled by the
  assistant referee
• Infraction meriting a penalty kick detected by
  assistant referee
• Indirect free kick signaled by the assistant
  referee
• No infraction

121
Referee and Assistant Referee Communication

• No offside (assistant referee is indicating to
  referee)
• No offside (referee decides not to penalize and
  overrules assistant referee)
• No score ball failed to enter goal
• No score ball entered goal and the player
  scoring the goal was offside

122
Referee and Assistant Referee Communication

• No score an attacker fouled or an attacker other
  than the scorer was in an offside position and
  was involved in the active play
• Time remaining
• Time expired
• I dont know

123
Pre-Game, Post-Game and Halftime Activities
Pre-Game Discussion What do YOU include in YOUR
pre-game?
124

• Items to consider for your pre-game discussion
• Which diagonal to use
• Duties, communication and responsibilities for
• Offside
• Set Plays
• Special communication
• Foul calling by assistant referees
• Timekeeping and scorekeeping responsibilities
• Substitution control
• Handling misconduct
• Special instructions

125
Halftime What do YOU consider important to do
during halftime in YOUR games?
126

• Items to consider during your halftime
• Enter and leave the field together as a team
• Update game cards with correct scores, cautions,
• send-offs, etc.
• Compare notes on how the game is going
• Any adjustment to pre-game instructions?
• Tighten up? Loosen up? Keep the same?
• Any problem players to watch?
• Exchange information between ARs
• What should be expected in the second half?
• Water and stretching

127
Post-Game What do YOU do as part of YOUR
post-game?
128

• Items to consider as part of your post-game
• Complete game cards
• Monitor handshake
• Enter and leave the field together as a team
• Complete misconduct report (if applicable)
• Analyze the game with ARs
• Is there anything you should have done
  differently?
• Is there anything you did that worked
  particularly well?

129
Monitoring the Handshake
AR
AR
R
Do not stay in the center. Move with the breadth
of player contact.
130
Monitoring the Handshake
AR
AR
R
131
In AYSO, Its about more than the game !
132
The National Referee Program
Coaches, Referees and Parents elect their
Regional Commissioner
Who is National
133
RCs, Area Directors, Section Directors and other
Executive Members elect the Board of Directors
134
Who is National
The Board of Directors governs AYSO
135
So.who is National ????
ItsYou !
136
The National Referee Program

• The National Board of Directors, as empowered by
  AYSO Bylaws, appoints Advisory Commissions as
  they deem appropriate. The following commissions
  have been established
• Coach
• Management
• Referee
• Tournament
• eAYSO

137

• Administration
• Support structure at all levels
• (Region, Area, Section, National)
• Required member of the Regional Board of
  Directors
• Instruction
• Certification
• Training methods
• Evaluation
• Assessment
• Advising
• Observation
• Assessment

The National Referee Program has three main
elements
138
The National Referee Program

• Advisor Program
• Referees helping Referees
• Intermediate Referees are expected to actively
  participate as Advisors for other referees
• Observation
• Required for certification as an Intermediate
  Referee
• Not a pass/fail situation
• Conducted by Advisors (appointed by the RRA) or
  certified Assessors

139
The National Referee Program

• Assessment
• Required for certification as an Advanced or
  National Referee
• Is a pass/fail situation
• Conducted by certified Assessors

140
In AYSO, Its about more than the game !