Experiencia chilena en movimiento de personas

1
Experiencia chilena en movimiento de personas

• Sr. Alejandro Buvinic
• Director Jurídico
• Dirección General de Relaciones Económicas
  InternacionalesMinisterio de Relaciones
  Exteriores de Chile

2
Trade Policy

• Unilateral
• - unilateral tariff reduction
• - services liberalization
• - foreing investment guarantees
• Bilateral
• - trade agreements
• Multilateral
• - WTO

3
Bilateral Liberalization

• First step Trade agreement aplying only to goods
• Second step other issues are included, such as
  services, investment, transport, IPR,
  procurement, and temporary entry

4
Different approaches on movement of persons

• Chapter on cross border services negative list
  approach
• Horizontal chapter on tempory entry
• Canada
• Mexico
• USA
• Central America
• Korea
• Colombia
• Peru
• Australia
• Japan

• Chapter on trade in services - positive list
  approach
• Horizontal commintments on tempory entry
• European Union
• EFTA
• MERCOSUR
• China

5
Market Access and National Treatment

• Chapter on cross-border services and invesment
  vis a vis Chapter on trade on services
• Liberalization through positive or negative list
  approach
• Transparency
• Unitarian states vis a vis Federal states

6
What is the real effect of assuming commitments
in market access and national treatment?

• Nationality requirements
• Relevance of Domestic Regulation. For example
• Compulsory affiliation
• Mutual recogntion
• Visas
• Tributation

7
Obligations

• Expedite application in order to avoid delays or
  undue impairments in the trade in goods or
  services, or to the performance of investment
  activities in accordance with the agreement.
• Cost of the services supplied
• Similar exceptions to those contained in the
  Annexo on movement of natural persons of the GATS
  (labour, visas, employment market).

8

• Transparency
• Committee on Temporary Entry
• Dispute Settlement

9
Categories

• Business visitors
• Traders and investors
• Intra corporate transferees
• Independent professionals

10
Professionals

• In each Agreement is established an standard
• Years of studies
• Years of studies and experience
• Inclusion of certain technical carreers
• Open ended or closed lists
• In the case of United States, a 1.400
  professionals yearly quota provided meeting the
  respective standard

11
Positive list approach for the temporary entry of
persons

• Within the horizontal committments
• Application depending of the specific commitments
• Review committments and wrking parties

12
Are enough only committments on Mode 4

• Tributation
• Certification and mutual recongnition
• Social security
• Transparency

13
Conclusion

• The presence of the aforementioned elements,
  results in a true liberalization of Mode 4,
  getting an efective trade impact.