Capacity Building of Local Bodies in CommunityBased Development Programs

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Capacity Building of Local Bodies in
Community-Based Development Programs

• Diwakar SinhaUnit Coordinator(Environment
  HRD)Uttaranchal Rural Water Supply
  Environmental Sanitation Program, Uttaranchal,
  Dehradun

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UTTARANCHAL SCENARIORural Water Supply and
Environmental Sanitation Sector (RWSES), a key
area in the Tenth Five Year Plan (2002-07).
Vision for the sector focuses on the
involvement of the PRIs the local communities
in the management of the water supply and
sanitation schemes. Sector institutions will
facilitate and co-finance the schemes and provide
technical assistance, training, etc. as needed.
Swajal Project Phase-I Community Contribution
Participation Total Operation Maintenance
by User GroupsRWSES Program Swajal Phase-I
Involvement of PRIs
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UTTARANCHAL SCENARIO(conti)

• Devolution of Administrative, Executive and
  Financial power to the Panchayats,dated 29
  October, 2003.
• Devolution of Administrative, Executive and
  Financial power/responsibilities to Panchayati
  Raj institutions under the three tier Panchayati
  Raj System, dated 17 August, 2004.
• Adoption of Sector Reform policies in Water and
  Sanitation Sector in Uttaranchal as per
  guidelines of Government of India, dated 18
  August, 2004.
• Fixation of water charges etc. by Uttaranchal Jal
  Sansthan dated 11 January, 2005.

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• Regarding conservation and increasing discharge
  of drinking water source and protecting them
  against damages, dated 16 April, 2005.
• Regeneration of inactive ponds (chaals/ khals),
  dated 16 April, 2005.
• NOTIFICATION-Regarding vesting of legal status to
  UWSCs, dated 19 May, 2005.
• Transfer of Functionaires of Jal Nigam and Jal
  Sansthan to Panchayati Raj Institutions under
  the provision of 73rd constitutional amendment
  Act for strengthening works, dated 26 May, 2005.

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• District level Institutional arrangement for the
  implementation of Government of India/ State
  Government and Externally Aided Projects,
  adopting the Sector Wide Approach in Drinking
  Water Supply and Sanitation Sector, dated 31 May,
  2005.
• Apex level institutional arrangements for
  adoption of Sector Wide Approach (SWAp) in Water
  Supply and Sanitation Sector, 31 May 2005.
• Regarding the policy arrangements at the State
  level for adopting the Sector Wide Approach
  (SWAp) for reforms in the Water Supply and
  Sanitation Sector, dated 31 May, 2005.
• Fixation of water charges in rural water supply,
  dated 31 May, 2005.

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• Creation of Four New District Units under the
  Project Management Unit, Swajal Project, dated 27
  March, 2006.
• Adoption of the Sector Wide Policy for the Water
  and Sanitation Sector under the World Bank
  assisted Rural Water Supply and Sanitation
  Program, dated 25 March, 2006.
• Establishment of cells within Uttaranchal Peyjal
  Nigam and Uttaranchal Jal Sansthan for
  implementation of reforms in the Water and
  Sanitation Sector under the Sector Wide Approach
  (SWAp) Program, dated 25 March, 2006.
• Formation of Secretariat of State Water and
  Sanitation Mission for World Bank assisted Rural
  Water Supply and Sanitation Program, dated 24
  March, 2006.

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Definitions of Capacity Building

• In the context of development, capacity
  building can be defined as
• The ability of individuals, groups and
  organizations, to identify and solve problems
  over time. (Peter Morgan)
• Is a concept which is broader than organizational
  development..(UNDP)
• Is a combination of people, institutions and
  practices that permits countries to reach their
  development goals(World Bank)
• Is any support that strengthens ability to
  effectively design, implement and evaluate
  development activities.(UNICEF)
• Capacity building can be defined as a process or
  set of processes to enhance the abilities, of the
  stakeholders, to perform in a sustainable
  manner.

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Capacity Building Strategy Framework

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Capacity Building Program Determinants

• In any development program, the determinants
  of the CB program are given need to be
  fixed, prior to developing the capacity building
  strategy.
• Help in defining the arrangements,
  methodologies and processes involved for the
  strategy.

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Components of Capacity Building Strategy
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Target Stakeholders-Different Levels

• Apex Level State Mission, Elected
  Representatives (MP/MLA/ZP), opinion makers(
  Media NGOs)
• Strategic Level PMU / DPMU, Sector Institutions,
  DWSM and ZPs, district level functionaries viz.
  CDO
• Intermediary Level Lead Training Institutions,
  Regional Training Institutions, Service Agencies,
  Block and District Panchayats
• Grass Roots Level GPs (Gram Panchayats), User
  Community Groups, School Children, Support
  Organisations Service Agencies.

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CAPACITY BUILDING NEEDS ASSESSMENT

• Categorizing the Needs Two broad categories
• 1. Institution strengthening needs
• Relating to organisational strengthening,
  strengthening of finances, management systems,
  provision of infrastructure and trainings for
  functional skills up-dation up-gradation.
• 2. Project orientation and implementation needs
• Relating to building awareness, teaching skills,
  providing education and training on various
  aspects of the program.

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Need Assessment of Stakeholders

• The CB needs of various target stakeholders have
  been assessed, which are as follows-
• Districts Panchayats
• Block Panchayats
• Gram Panchayats
• Community
• User Groups
• Sector Institutions
• PMU / DPMU
• SWSM

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Strategy for Community EmpowermentFor
mobilisation and empowerment of community, form
community groups taking in to account various
dimensions.
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Community Groups FormationWomen Cluster
GroupsMen Income Promotion GroupsSchool
Children Groups
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Village Action Plan
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IEC Strategy

• CB strategy emphasis Field Based IEC activities
• rather than classroom trainings
• IEC campaigns are proposed - (start with
  pre-planning phase)
• Tools for IEC activities
• Mass media audio / video shows,
• Folk media performances,
• Distribution of audio and video cassettes,
• Posters and wall writings,
• Booklets on project specific themes,
• Annual exhibitions and fares,
• Newsletter
• Hoardings (block and district level).

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Capacity Building of Service Agencies, Lead
Regional Training Institutions For

• understanding the project objectives,
• scope of the activities and
• methodologies to be adopted

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Total Number of Stakeholders Training days
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CAPACITY BUILDING DELIVERY MODEL

• Guiding Principles
• a) Retaining the capacities built
• b) Integration of capacity building efforts
• c) Segregating design delivery of training
• d) Decentralisation of training activities
• e) Effective supervision monitoring

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CAPACITY BUILDING DELIVERY MODEL other
Aspects(conti..)

• Program Management
• Decentralization of Training Delivery
• Procurement of Capacity Building Services
• Supervision and Monitoring

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Measures for Meeting Sustainability Challenges

• Mass media awareness campaign
• Understanding of roles responsibility by the
  Community
• Exposure Visits Demonstration Area
• Incentives for development of Intrinsic Motivation

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THANKS