The Write Stuff

1
The Write Stuff

• Understanding
• Sentence
• Structure

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Learning Objectives

• Learner will be able to identify the three basic
  sentence structures.
• Learner will be able to write examples of each
  sentence structure.

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Sentence Structure

• The Three Basic Sentence Constructions are
• Simple, Compound Complex

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Sentence Structure

• In order to write correct sentences and use a
  variety of constructions, the writer must
  understand the elements of a sentence.

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Sentence Structure What
makes a sentence?

• A complete sentence must have a subject and a
  verb.
• A sentence fragment is missing either the verb or
  the subject.
• Note Sentences become longer and more
  complicated by using different sentence
  constructions.

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Simple Sentence (Independent Clause)

• Example
• The cat has four feet.
• Subject cat Verb has
• Subject Purpose actor in Verb Purpose
  action in
• sentence sentence

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Simple Sentence (Independent Clause)

• A simple sentence has one subject and one verb,
  with no dependent clauses.
• Either the subject or the verb may be plural, but
  the sentence conveys a single thought.
• Examples
• Mary, Jane, and Betty are friends. (plural
  subject)
• Mary plays and sings very well.
• (plural verb)

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Compound Sentence

• A compound sentence is two independent clauses
  joined by a connecting word like but, and, or,
  etc. Each clause expresses a separate idea and
  has no dependent clauses.

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Compound Sentence

• Examples
• I got a new car, but
• I dont like the color.
• I have two cars, and
• they are both green.

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Complex Sentence

• A complex sentence consists of one independent
  clause and one or more dependent clauses.
• What is a dependent clause?

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Dependent Clauses(Subordinate Clauses)

• Dependent clauses or subordinate word groups can
  not stand alone. They must be attached to an
  independent clause.
• Dependent clauses function in a sentence as
  adjectives, adverbs, or nouns.

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Types of Dependent ClausesAdjective Clauses

• Adjective clauses do the same job as simple
  adjectives they describe. However, adjective
  clauses have a verb and a subject and begin with
  relative pronouns like these
• who, whom, whose, which, or that

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Adjective Clauses

• Examples
• The man that wins the race will get a new car.
• I called the repairman who fixed the dishwasher.
• He picked up his keys which were lying on the
  table.

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Types of Dependent ClausesAdverb Clauses

• Adverb clauses work like regular adverbs in a
  sentence and answer the questions When? Where?
  Why? How?
• Adverb clauses begin with subordinating
  conjunctions like
• after, although, as, as if, because, before,
  even though, unless, until, when, where, whether,
  while

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Adverb Clauses

• Examples
• When it rains, it pours.
• Although the boy fell off his bike, he got back
  on.
• As the students left the classroom, the teacher
  put the books back on the shelf.

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Types of Dependent ClausesNoun Clauses

• Noun clauses can function as subjects, objects or
  complements. They usually begin with one of the
  following words
• who, how, that, which, whoever, what,
  whomever, whatever, when, where, whether, whose,
  why

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Noun Clauses

• Examples
• My father told me that I was his favorite child.
• The detective asked how the thief got into the
  house.
• I took a snack on the trip for when I get hungry.

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Subordinate Clause Example Summary

• Adjective
• The man that bought the house was nice.
• Adverb
• When the well is dry, we will buy bottled water.
• Noun
• Whoever gossips to you will gossip about you.

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Complex Sentence Examples

• These are all complex sentences.
• The man that bought the house was nice.
• When the well is dry, we will buy bottled water.
• Whoever gossips to you will gossip about you.

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Review and Summary

• A simple sentence (independent clause) contains
  one subject and one verb.
• A compound sentence contains two independent
  clauses connected by a subordinating word.
• A complex sentence contains one independent
  clause, and at least one dependent clause.

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Assessment

• Write a paragraph containing simple sentences,
  compound sentences, and complex sentences.
• Identify the types of clauses that are used in
  the complex sentences by underlining them and
  naming their function at the end of the sentence.

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