Effects of delayed implant protocols on performance, carcass characteristics and meat tenderness in

1
Effects of delayed implant protocols on
performance, carcass characteristics and meat
tenderness in Holstein steers

• J. L. Beckett, and J. Algeo
• Cal Poly State University
• Algeo Consulting

2
Strategies

• Approximately 20 implants approved for use in
  cattle
• Tremendous number of combinations possible
• Producers need to establish strategies that best
  utilize the advantages of the different implants
• Long-fed cattle are particularly subjected to
  repetitive implant regimens

3
Effects

• Increase frame size
• Increases growth curve
• Decrease quality grade
• Lower Choice
• Due to change in physiological endpoint
• Increases muscling
• Effect on tenderness?

4
Implant Protocol
Ralgro
Ralgro
Syn-S
Revalor-S
A
Synovex-C
Syn-S
Revalor-S
B
Treatment Groups
Synovex-C
Revalor-S
Rev-IS
C
Revalor-S
Rev-IS
Revalor-G
D
No Implant
E
0
60
120
180
291
5
Average Daily Gain
6
Final Weight
7
Gain to Feed
8
Percentages of Holstein steer carcasses grading
USDA Choice or better
9
USDA Yield Grade
10
Discussion

• Implants
• Increased average daily gains,
• Improved feed efficiency
• Increased daily dry matter intake
• Heavier hot carcass weights
• Larger longissimus muscle area
• Early implants dramatically influence growth
  curves
• Aggressive estrogens suppressed marbling
  resulting in lower quality grades

11
Project Summary

• Goal Identify the time that implants can be
  initiated to
• Capture maximal growth and performance
• Minimize detrimental effects on product
• 186 steers on feed for 280 d
• Initial weight 156 kg
• Weighed every 30 days

• At the end of the feeding
• phase, animals were
• harvested and carcass data collected

12
Diet
13
Average Finishing Ration Analysis

• Dry matter 84
• Crude Protein 12.79
• NEg 1.23 Mcal/kg
• NEm 1.95 Mcal/kg

14
Experimental Protocol
15
(No Transcript)
16
Final Weight
17
Average Daily Gain
18
Daily Dry Matter Intake
19
Feed to Gain
20
Longissimus Muscle Area
21
Percentages of Holstein steer carcasses grading
USDA Choice or better
a
ab
abc
bc
c
22
USDA Yield Grade
23
(No Transcript)
24
Meat

• Ribs aged for 14 days
• 2 steaks from each rib were removed, individually
  vacuum packed
• Steaks sent to Colorado State University
• CSU measured tenderness (shear force) and
  conducted trained taste panel

25
Warner-Bratzler Shear Force
26
WB Shear Force over 5
27
Trained Taste Panel
a
ab
ab
bc
c
28
Summary

• Early implants dramatically influence marbling at
  a given weight
• Delaying implants tend to improve marbling
  without significant effects on growth
  efficiency
• Aggressive nature of implant strategy should
  complement the market
• Variations in tenderness can not be explained by
  the use of implants

29
(No Transcript)
30
Percent Empty Body Fat
31
Percent Empty Body Fat
a
ab
ab
b
b
32
Adjusted Final Body Weight
a
a
a
a
b
33
AFBW from nonimplanted Controls