NEEDS AND POSSIBILITIES FOR BETTER QUARANTINE TO PROTECT BIODIVERSITY IN HAWAII: NEW ZEALAND AS A MODEL

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NEEDS AND POSSIBILITIES FOR BETTER QUARANTINE TO
PROTECT BIODIVERSITY IN HAWAIINEW ZEALAND AS A
MODEL
as presented to Native Hawaiian Plant
Society 06 June 2003 at 730 pm Pukalani
(Maui), Hawaii

• Lloyd Loope
• U.S. Geological Survey
• Haleakala Field Station

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Miconia (Miconia calvescens) in Tahiti
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Miconia understory in Tahiti
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Sandalwoods (Santalum haleakalae) on Maui
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Sandalwoods being rubbed to death by deer on Maui
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One of the penalties of an ecological conscience
is that one lives alone in a world of wounds.

• Aldo Leopold, Round River

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Wiliwili (Erythrina sandwicensis) flowers
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Bruchid beetles
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Wiliwili seed with Bruchid eggs and one exit hole
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Wiliwili seed with multiple Bruchid exit holes
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Kallitaxa granulata, a plant hopper
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Corythuca gossypii, the cotton lace bug
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Damaged awikiwiki (Canavalia pubescens) leaves
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Corythuca morrilli
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Hippotion rosetta
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Boerhavia repens flowers and leaves
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Hippotion rosetta adult
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Hala scale on hala (Pandanus tectorius) leaves
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Hala leaves
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Kahului Airport Memorandum of Understanding (part
of record of decision for finalizing EIS -- 1998)

• Hawaii State Agencies
• HDOT, HDOA, HDOH, DLNR
• Federal Agencies
• USDOI, USDA, USDOT

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Government Agencies Involved with Quarantine
Inspection in Hawaii

• HDOAHawaii Department of Agriculture
• APHIS-PPQU.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal
  and Plant Inspection Service, Plant Protection
  Quarantine
• DHS-CBP-AQIU.S. Department of Homeland Security,
  Customs and Border Protection, Agriculture
  Quarantine Inspection

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The only thing the public fears more than an
uncoordinated bureaucracy is a coordinated
bureaucracy.

• Douglas P. Wheeler
• Secretary for Resources, State of
  CaliforniaCited in Bureaucratic Landscapes
  Interagency Cooperation and the Preservation of
  Biodiversity, by Craig W. Thomas, MIT Press, 2003

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Auckland harbor
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Amnesty bin
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Poster that reads Help us protect NZ from foot
and mouth disease
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New Zealand informational brochure
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Ministery of Agriculture and Forestry warning sign
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Beagle sniffing passengers
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200 instant fine sign
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Airport arrivals area
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Database monitor with computer
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Working dog in back area checking packages
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Working dog in back area checking packages
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Working dog in back area checking packages
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Inspecting packages
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Inspecting packages
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Auckland's harbor
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Auckland's harbor
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Large machinery
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Wood packing material
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Items being fumigated
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Air cargo clearance centre sign
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Kiwi bird and egg
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Neil Reimer
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Domingo Cravalho
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Kahului Airport Pest Risk Assessment November
2002

• INSECTS
• 1401 insect interceptions in 130-day blitz
  inspection
• 279 insect species intercepted
• 125 of them not known to occur in Hawaii
• PLANT DISEASES
• 156 plant disease organisms found
• 47 determined to be pathogenic

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Increase the number of state agricultural
inspectors at Kahului airport from the current
4-8 to 14-19 (with three dog/handler teams)
permanent positions.
RECOMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENTS
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Provide an adequate air cargo facility for
conducting inspections and to give inspectors the
ability to refuse entry to and destroy cargo.
RECOMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENTS
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Use X-ray machines for scanning a sample of bags
to provide a credible threat of detection of
contraband in luggage.

• RECOMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENTS

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Use dogs to inspect a sample of passengers
exiting the airport prior to baggage claim to
detect smuggled snakes, lizards, etc.
RECOMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENTS
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Passed inspection tags