Chapter 5 The Important Role of Education in Our Developing Nation

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Chapter 5The Important Role of Education in Our
Developing Nation
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Colonial Education

• Southern Colonies -made up of large
  plantations-two distinct classes-wealthy and
  slaves
• Middle Colonies -people came from various
  national (Dutch, Swedish) and religious (Puritan,
  Mennonite, Catholic) backgrounds- melting
  pot-learned education through apprenticeship.
• Northern Colonies -settle mainly by the Puritans,
  lived in close colonies, lots of economy.-First
  to pass laws regarding education.

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Key Terms

• Old Deluder Satan Act -An early colonial
  educational law (1647) that required colonial
  towns at least fifty households to provide
  education for the youth.
• Dame School -A low-level primary school in the
  colonial and other early periods, usually
  conducted by and untrained woman in her own home.
• Common Elementary Schools-Schools designed to
  provide a basic elementary education for all
  children, originated in the mid-nineteenth
  century.
• Compulsory Education -School attendance that is
  required by law on the theory that it is to the
  benefit of the state or commonwealth to educate
  all the people.
• Normal School -The first type of American
  institution devoted exclusively to teacher
  training.
• Religious -Affiliated School-A private school
  over which, in most cases, a parent church group
  exercises some control or to which the church
  provides some form of subsidy.
• Parochial School -An educational institution
  operated and controlled by a religious
  denomination.

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The Struggle for Universal Elementary Education

• Christopher Dock -Mennonite school teacher in PA,
  religion dominated curriculum.
• Monitorial Schools -provide mass elementary
  education for large numbers of children.
• Horace Mann -Influenced the educational awakening
  in US.
• Henry Barnard -first commissioner of Education

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Aims of American Education

• Committee of Ten 1892-A historic National
  Education Association (NEA) committee that
  studied secondary education in 1892.
• High School consists of 7-12
• Courses arranged sequentially
• Students given few electives
• Seven Cardinal Principles -established in
  1918-stated basic principles of education.
• Health
• Command of fundamental processes
• Worthy home membership

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History of Federal Involvement

• US Constitution-states 10th amendment-education
  is a function of each state.
• Northwest Ordinance-provided away of disposing of
  the Northwest territory and encouraged the
  establishment of schools.
• Smith-Hughes Act-act provided financial aid to
  public schools below college level.