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To distribute goods and services fairly, protecting everyone

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What Is the Purpose of Government? John Rawls: Justice as Fairness ... The purpose of government is to encourage us to recognize how we are constituted ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: To distribute goods and services fairly, protecting everyone


1
What Is the Purpose of Government?
  • To distribute goods and services fairly,
    protecting everyones right to equal opportunity
    and bettering the lives of all members of society
    (liberalism Rawls)
  • To protect the right to own that which one is
    entitled to (libertarianism Nozick)
  • To foster a sense of community rather than
    individualism (communitarianism Sandel)

2
John Rawls Justice as Fairness
  • All citizens should share in a societys wealth
    and be given equal economic opportunities
  • In a just society, rational individuals under a
    veil of ignorance about their original position
    in the society should endorse a theory that
  • gives everyone as much liberty as possible
  • allows for the unequal distribution of wealth
    only when the existence of such inequalities
    benefits everyone and is accessible to everyone

3
Libertarianism (Entitlement/Minimal State
Theory) Robert Nozick
  • We are entitled to use our property as we see
    fit. The States legitimate power is limited to
    preventing harm and protecting property rights
  • Taxation for anything other than protection
    (e.g., to impose a pattern redistributing wealth)
    is unjust because it ignores how goods are
    acquired fairly through trade, labor, gifts, etc.

4
CommunitarianismMichael Sandel
  • We do not form governments to promote our
    individual self-interests such a view treats our
    sense of community only instrumentally (Hobbes)
    or sentimentally (Rawls)
  • The purpose of government is to encourage us to
    recognize how we are constituted in our communal
    relations to one another
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