Teams are either created through 1)agency structure i.e. interdisciplinary teams or 2)created by mandate or 3)voluntarily through common interest An interdisciplinary team is perhaps the most common type of team in agencies. Good teams P1253037278cUBpM

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People must have access to resources in order to
survive
resources
person
4. The eco-system must permit change t o occur.
This means one must prepare the soil, before one
plants the seed! How does one do this?
When resources are scarce, there is competition
for them
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People form groups and connections in order to
avoid competition and become more efficient in
capturing resources. Cooperation tames the
eco-system
group
v
group
Competition results with no co-op
group
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ALL MACRO METHODS ARE BUILT UPON ALL OF THE
MICRO-METHODS (ATTENDING SKILLS, INTERPRETATION,
CONFRONTATION IMMEDIACY, RE-FRAMING ETC) THAT YOU
LEARNED LAST SEMESTER. THE KEY IS
RELATIONSHIP-BUILDING! NETWORKS ARE THE BASIS
OF MACRO CHANGE! THE POWER OF NETWORKS -
networks allow you to have antennae in the
environment, to know what is happening and to
modify it, if necessary. The larger and more
connected the network, the more opportunity to
mobilize power.     If you have 4 friends, each
of whom have 5 friends, you have 24 links at the
first degree of separation. If the 5 friends of
your 4 friends each have 5 friends, you have 109
links at the 2nd degree of separation
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5. Networks control eco-systems! By connecting
the units in an eco-system one forms a network
WEAK NETWORKS ARE OPEN SYSTEMS. THEY ARE MORE
EXTENSIVE AND MORE POWERFUL THAN STRONG
NETWORKS WHICH ARE CLOSED!
If I have 100 friends, each of which has 100
friends, within 2 degrees of separation, I
connect with 10,000 3 degrees 1,000,000 4
degrees 100,000,000 5 degrees 9,000,000,000
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This is A STRONG Network! STRONG
NETWORKSCLUSTER! LIKE LIKES LIKE! THEY
GENERATE CLOSED SYSTEMS AND ARE MORE LIMITED! USE
STRONG NETWORKS TO CREATE WEAK ONES!
WOULD YOU WANT A STRONG OR WEAK NETWORK WHEN
JOB HUNTING?
Real social networks exhibit clustering the
tendency of two individuals who share a mutual
friend, to be friends Themselves. Ego has 6
friends, each of whom is friends With at least
one other. share a mutual friend, to be friends
Themselves. Ego has 6 friends, each of whom is
friends With at least one other. HOWEVER, THEY
ALSO KNOW SOME PEOPLE YOU DONT!!  THAT IS, USE
WHO YOU KNOW TO MEET WHO THEY KNOW THAT YOU
DONT!!!!  
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However, a principle of networks is that we are
likely to be friends of our 'friends friends'.
This is known as clustering!   The key to
networking is to use your existing relationships
to meet 'targeted people who are friends of your
friends' Attribution theory tells us that you are
much more likely to be accepted as a friend, if
you are a friend of a friend.  
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If you were here, what would be the shortest
route to Major connections
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THE POWER OF NETWORKS - networks allow you to
have antennae in the environment, to know what
is happening and to modify it, if necessary. The
larger and more connected the network, the more
opportunity to mobilize power. Because real
networks are biased toward clustering (strong
relationships-closed systems), you must USE them
TO CREATE weak relationships. The key to
networking is to use your existing relationships
to meet 'targeted people who are friends of your
friends' Attribution theory tells us that you are
much more likely to be accepted as a friend, if
you are a friend of a friend. Please see your
next assignment!!! One uses strong ties to make
weak ties in order to extend as much as possible
into a network. One can network with people who
have equal, less or more amounts of
power. Generally, networks are made up of 1.
Professionals, 2. Power-brokers, 3.
Clients/relatives 4. informal helpers 5. Unique
cont-ributors  
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The power of small worlds Small world
theory Stan Milgram was a research psychologist
whose goal was to Find the DISTANCE between any
two people in the U.S. He basically, mailed
instructions RANDOMLY to 160 people Throughout
the U.S. The instructions stated that they were
to make sure a message got to a particular
person at Harvard Whose name was given in the
instructions. The subjects were To mail the
message to someone they knew, who they
thought Might know the target person named in
the instructions. 42 of the 160 made it to the
target person with an average of 5.5 Links some
with as few as 2. This is the origination of 6
degrees of separation!! The point is that the
world by virtue of rational and planned Action
is much smaller than we think. We are all
connected. Small world theory drives networking
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What are the factors involved in influencing
others?

• A researcher by the name of Asch presented a
  group with the following question
• Which line to the right is most like the
• Line on the left?

Unbeknownst to one of the group, all other
members were told to pick this one. In all cases
of the exp., the one who didnt know eventually
chose the same line as the others. In instances
where some of the group members were told to pick
this one, the one who didnt know chose it as
well. What does that tell you?
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Group pressure, peer pressure and other
forms of social Influence are extremely powerful
factors in helping to shape Peoples beliefs and
behaviors There is also a tipping point at
which ideas, practices, And beliefs become
generally accepted. This tipping point Appears
to be related to a critical mass of people
including hubs, connectors and early adopters
accepting the idea!
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Hubs are those Who are Well-connected And have
influence
you
Although hubs can increase your influence, You
must compete with others in order to Influence
them. Getting you foot in the door is The name
of the game!
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AN EFFECTIVE network is an extensive network. An
extensive Network is a diverse network. A
diverse network is a Network comprised of
different power ratings. Horizontal linkages
(the same amount of power/influence similar
focus Vertical linkages (differing amounts of
power/influence differing Focus Steps in
networking 1. Always be prepared 2. Use
existing connections 2. Go where new connection
want 3. Go for agreement (focus on
commonalities) w/ nc 4. Show that you value them
(nc) 5. Show your value to them 6. Make sure
they owe you
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Network building is an ongoing task. One uses
existing networks often strong connections, in
order to build new ones (often weak connections).
Of course any weak connection can be turned into
a strong one!

• An issue in rural areas with networks is DUAL
  RELATIONSHIPS
• Because of the nature of networking, many of the
  people in my network may be friends, business
  associates etc.

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The paradox is that dual relationships are
essential in Networking! They may involve
clients, colleagues, community leaders, Politician
s, business folks, natural helpers, relatives
of Clients agency supervisors/administrators
even superstars. Anyone can be part of your
network!!! But you must manage the cloudiness of
the relationship!!!
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It used to be that all dual relationships were
prohibited. What we know now is that 1. In
rural areas they are unavoidable 2. In
networking they are useful but dangerous 3. Not
all dual relationships are bad 4. Those that are
not bad should be managed rather
than prohibited. Here
are some relevant dimensions
Exploitationlt-------------------------------------
--------gtEmpowerment Increased power
disparitylt-----------------------------gtDecreased
power disparity Client Vulnerabilitylt-------------
-----------------------gtClient Immunity Risk to
workerlt------------------------------------------gt
Benefits to worker Clouding of professional
relationshiplt---------------gtClarity in
professional relationship Personal gain of
worker?------------?professional gain of
client/program Furthers personal
interest?----------?furthers professional goals
for others The BASE STANDARD is
EXPLOITATION!!!!  
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• PRINCIPLES OF ROLE THEORY THAT ARE
• HELPFUL IN UNDERSTANDING DUAL RELATIONSHIPS
• As incompatibility of expectations increases
  between roles, so does the potential for
  misunderstanding and harm.
• As the obligations of different roles diverge,
  the potential for divided loyalties and loss of
  objectivity increases.
• 3. As the power and prestige between the
  professional and the consumer roles increase, so
  does the potential for exploitation and an
  inability on the part of consumers to remain
  objective about their own best interests.
•  

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• 4. Look for areas of role overlap.
• Identify potential role congruity and role
  conflict.
• Look for role integration. Role integration
  refers here to the degree to which the
  anticipated roles in the dual relationship are in
  accord with the agency, client, community and
  cultural standards.
• Flag potential or actual role reversal.

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A WAY TO CLASSIFY DUAL RELATIONSHIPS
Naturally Occurring Contrived