The Second edition of ECMA TR/70

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The Second edition of ECMA TR/70

• Product-Related Environmental Attributes
• TC 38
• Chairman Dr. R. Höhn
• Vice-Chairman Dr. G.N. Batts

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The Need
European Ecolabel

Non-European Ecolabel

Government
Retailers
NGOs
Customer
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A Possible Solution

• International accepted (standardized) document
• Development under participation of IT-,
  telecommunication- and consumer industry
• Common attributes

Voluntary Product Self-Declaration like ECMA
TR/70
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Overview of Environmental Self-declarations
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Who is ECMA
www.ecma.ch ECMA is an international,
Europe-based industry association founded in 1961
and dedicated to the standardization of
information and communication systems.
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ECMA TC38

• 1994 forming a group of experts to
• Collect environmental attributes for products
• Link to relevant international standards
• 1995 TC38 officially set up by ECMA

Europe
ECMA TC38
USA
Japan
Information Technology
Telecommunication Technology
Consumer Electronics
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ECMA TC38 - Organization
Chairman Dr. R. Höhn (IBM) Vice Chairman Dr.
G. Batts (Eastman Kodak) Secretary Mr. G. Lauri
(ECMA)
Active Members (Status 04/2000) Alcatel (P.
Dubots, F) BT (K. Mohan, UK) Compaq Comp
(Dr. F. Hermann, D) Dell (G. Hartnett,
Ir) Eastman Kodak (Dr. G. Batts, UK) Hewlett
Packard (Th. Bazlen, D) IBM (Dr. R. Höhn, D
Dr. R. Granda, USA) ICL Comp (J.G-. Boyce, UK)
Intel (T. Ellerton, D) NEC (A. Schwarz,
D) Philips (Dr. H. Rijks, NL) Siemens (Dr. G.
Niedermeier, D) Sony (A. Schneider, D Dr.
Th. Fischer, D) Xerox (Dr. M. Hemming,UK)
Task Group Chemical Emissions IBM, HP, Sony,
XEROX, Océ, Eastman Kodak
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ECMA TC38 - Product-related environmental
attributes
Scope To identify and describe environmental
attributes related to ICT (Information and
Communication Technology) and CE (Consumer
Electronics) products, during their entire life
cycle, from conception to end-of-life treatment.
Programme of work To develop recommendations,
e.g. Standards, on environmental attributes that
relate to ICT and CE products.. To monitor the
development of environmental standards,
regulations, conformity schemes and other
requirements related to ICT and CE products. To
promote and maintain ECMA Standards covering
product-related environmental attributes. To
comment on standards and regulations from outside
organizations. To establish and maintain close
liaison with other organizations that are working
in the same or similar fields of activity.
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ECMA TR/70 - History

• 1995
• First proposal Declaration of product related
  Attributes
• First draft of technical report (TR)
• 1996
• Work on draft report (attributes to be declared,
  sample declaration, seeking for comments outside
  ECMA)
• 1997
• Final draft report
• Approval by ECMA GA as TR/70, June 1997
• 1999
• Final second draft report
• Approval of second edition by ECMA GA, June 1999

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Advantages of ECMA TR/70

• voluntary use of ECMA TR/70
• common and comparable reporting format
• no Black White decision as for eco-labels
  (the product must not comply to fixed
  requirements but the declaration reports the
  product performance)
• document is flexible adaptable for different
  product categories
• the content of the document can be individually
  extended by additional environmental product
  information (e.g. additionally avoided
  substances)
• only the product declaration form has to be
  compiled (no third party is involved).
• no license fee
• product declaration forms can be published in
  different ways (no limitation - via internet,
  with manual, with tenders etc.)

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ECMA-TR 70 Public Attention
Requirement of an Ecolabel/Self declaration

• European Union Eco label for PC, notebook
• German Ecolabel Eco Circle
• Reference by SITO/NITO (liaison with ECMA TC38,
  SITO declaration includes 100 ECMA TR/70)
• Presentation on various conferences e.g. IEEE
  conference USA
• Reference within the Enquete Commission of the
  German Parliament
• IBM publishes product declarations on Internet

Promotion Activities
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Product Declarations on IBM Internet Homepage
http//www.pc.ibm.com/us/healthycomputing/enviro_d
eclaration.html
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Product Declarations on IBM Internet Homepage
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Reasons for a Second Edition of ECMA TR/70

• Driven by the technical progress and experiences
  with the first edition (comments form outside of
  TC38) TC38 decided to publish a second edition.
• One major change is to split the given
  information into two reports
• Product related environmental attributes (ECMA
  TR/70, June 1999)
• Recycling relevant data (new, separate TR has
  still to be compiled)
• The second edition of TR/70 got an extension of
  criteria and product declaration forms.

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Availability
The ECMA TR/70 is available (free of charge) on
http//www.ecma.ch as downloads and as
hardcopies.
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Criteria of the second edition of ECMA TR/70 (1)
Sample list
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Criteria of the second edition of ECMA TR/70 (2)
Sample list
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Product Information/Description (5.1)
The following should be provided where
applicable. This list should include, but not be
limited to type of product brand name
model number supplier weight and
dimensional characteristics (e.g. metric
units). An appropriate environmental policy,
management system or programme may be declared.
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Product Information/Description (5.1) - Sample
Supplier's Name Supplier's Address declares
(based on product specification or test results
obtained from sample testing,) that the
product Product Name and type Model
Number Weight kg (non-packaged
system) Dimension cm x cm x cm (h x w x d,
non-packaged system) conforms to the following
voluntary environmental program requirements
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Extension of Lifetime (5.2)
The design considerations of the basic unit,
which allow the product features and product
capability/profile to be enhanced, should be
listed. The following should be declared
upgradability/extendibility availability of
spare parts for the product after end of
production in years availability of service
for the product after end of production in
years. The service warranty/policy offered by
the supplier should be listed. If spare part and
service availability is restricted, restrictions
should be listed.
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Extension of Lifetime (5.2) - Sample (Notebook)
The system is upgradable/extendible as
follows memory hard drive cards slots
attachable devices The manufacturer offers
spare parts availability .... years after end of
production service availability .... years
after end of production warranty .... years
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Power Consumption (5.3)
All relevant products and equipment should list
the power consumption in watts for all modes
appropriate to the product type. Some examples
are
Measurement should be performed using the
procedure specified by the EPA Energy Star
program for the appropriate product. Publication
IEC 107-1 should be used for TV sets. If a
product allows multiple levels of energy saving
modes, these should be listed in the product
declaration. Products following any other
guidelines can list this information with the
appropriate measurement in the appropriate
section(s) of the product declaration (annex A).
The measurement protocols associated with these
guidelines should be followed.
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Power Consumption (5.3) - Sample (Mobile Phone /
TV-set)
Mobile Phone

• A.C. power adapter type ..
• Without load ....... W
• While loading (average over loading
  process) ....... W
• Charging time, full charge ....... min

TV-set

• Standby passive ....... W
• Standby active (if available) ....... W
• OFF mode ....... W

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Radio Frequency Emissions (5.4)

• The declaration should include a statement of
  compliance with radio frequency
• emission requirements, listing the applicable
  legislation and standards or by referring
• to, for example
• Declaration of Conformity (e.g. suppliers
  declaration relating to the CE marking)
• And/or any other requirement.

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Radio Frequency Emissions (5.4) - Sample (TV-set)

• Regarding conformance with radio frequency
  emissions requirements,
• the product complies with 89/336/EEC, CE-mark
  (EMC-Directive)
• or is covered by a separate declaration of
  conformity.
• NOTEChose the applicable option

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ELF/VLF emissions from VDUs (5.5)
A declaration should be made, as appropriate, to
electromagnetic near-field emissions which
emanate from a visual display unit (VDU) which is
defined as a device for the presentation of
information by the controlled excitation of a
screen, regardless of the display technology or
power source. This definition does not include
displays used solely as machine status indicators
or displays incapable of displaying more than
four lines of text. Public perception and
increased requests from customers related to
electromagnetic field emissions which emanate
from monitors led to the Swedish guideline MPR II
- 19908 for Band I and II ranges in both
electric and magnetic fields, as well as
electrostatic fields. NOTEThis clause applies
only to computer monitors and notebooks.
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ELF/VLF emissions from VDUs (5.5) - Sample
(CRT-Monitor)

• The above described product complies with the
  Swedish guideline
• MPR II-19908

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Acoustical Noise (5.6)
Noise emission information for relevant products
should be provided as declared sound power levels
LwAd and sound pressure levels LpAm for the
operational and idle modes, the modes should be
specified. For the sound pressure level, the
measurement distance should be declared. Measurem
ents should be made according to standards ISO
3741, ISO 3742, ISO 3744 or ISO 3745 and the
result declared according to ECMA-109 (ISO
92961988). If a specific standard for the
product is available, this standard should be
used, e.g. for IT and telecommunication
equipment, ECMA-74 (ISO77791988).
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Acoustical Noise (5.6) - Sample (PC / VCR)
PC
declared sound power level sound pressure level
at ........ distance operational mode .........
bel operational mode ............. dB(A) idle
mode ......... bel idle mode .............
dB(A) Operational mode is defined as
VCR
declared sound power level sound pressure level
at ........ distance Play mode .........
bel Play mode . ............ dB(A) Play mode
is defined as
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Chemical Emissions (5.7)
A special task group is working on this topic to
define standardized measurement conditions and
reporting methods.
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Materials (5.8)

• A declaration should be made for at least the
  following substances (covered by legislation
  and/or voluntary
• initiatives) that they are not present in
  concentrations exceeding the natural background
  levels
• asbestos
• cadmium (in plastic materials, CRTs, packaging
  and inks)
• mercury
• ozone depleting substances, according to those
  categories that are already banned in the
  Montreal protocol.
• chloroparaffins with chain length 10-13 C atoms,
  chlorination greater than 50 contained in
  mechanical plastic parts heavier than 25 g
• lead contained in mechanical plastic parts
  heavier than 25g
• PCB or PCT
• polybrominated biphenyls and their ethers (CAS
  32534-81-9, 32536-52-0, 1163-19-5, 13654-09-6)
  contained in mechanical plastic parts heavier
  than 25 g.
• NOTECompanies may however quote to a mechanical
  plastic part weight above 50 g instead of above
  25 g.
• The presence of any of the above listed
  substances which exceed natural background levels
  should be declared.
• Determination of the material composition should
  be conducted in accordance with accepted industry
  practices.

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Materials (5.8) - Sample (Notebook)

• The above described product does not contain
• asbestos
• cadmium (in plastic materials, packaging and
  inks)
• ozone depleting substances, according to those
  categories that are already banned in the
  Montreal protocol
• chloroparaffins with chain length 10-13 C atoms,
  chlorination greater than 50 contained in
  mechanical plastic parts heavier than 25 g
• lead contained in mechanical plastic parts
  heavier than 25g
• PCB or PCT
• polybrominated biphenyls and their ethers (CAS
  32534-81-9, 32536-52-0, 1163-19-5, 13654-09-6)
  contained in mechanical plastic parts heavier
  than 25 g.
• in concentrations exceeding the natural
  background levels.
• Mercury contained in backlighting system mg

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Disassembly (5.9)

• The declaration should list any design feature
  that has been included in the
• product to facilitate disassembly and/or
  recycling by professionals.
• For example
• statement that mechanical plastic parts heavier
  than 25 g are marked according to ISO 11469
• inclusion of snap-fit assembly
• number and type of joints and fixings for major
  components.

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Disassembly (5.9) - Sample

• The system is designed for disassembly, by using
• e.g. marking of plastic parts gt25 g according to
  ISO 11469
• e.g. screws of one type
• e.g. snap-in features
• ...

That are only examples, they can be replaced!
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Batteries (5.10)

• The following items should be declared for all
  batteries or accumulators
• contained in the product
• the type of battery or accumulator (e.g.
  nickel-cadmium) used
• its weight
• batteries used in the product are in conformance
  with the EU Directives 91/157/EEC (hazardous
  substances), 98/101/EC (amendments) and EU
  Directive 93/86/EEC (marking requirements) and
  any other applicable national or regional
  regulations
• information concerning the handling of the
  batteries in the product including proper
  installation removal and disposal is given in the
  product documentation.

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Batteries (5.10) - Sample (Camcorder)

• The product or accessories contains the following
  batteries
• Remote control battery
• Battery type ...............
• Weight ...............
• Memory back-up battery
• Battery type ...............
• Weight ...............
• Main battery
• Battery type ...............
• Weight ...............
• The batteries are in conformance with
• 91/157/EEC (hazardous substances)
• 93/86/EEC (marking)
• 98/101/EC (amendment to 91/157/EEC)
• The documentation includes instructional
  information concerning
• proper removal
• proper disposal

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Product Packaging (5.11)

• The following should be declared
• type and weight of packaging materials (e.g.
  wood, paper/cardboard, plastic, etc.)
• marking of packaging materials (e.g. according to
  ISO 11469 or DIN 6120)
• any supplier initiated take-back schemes for used
  packaging
• Packaging should be in conformance with national
  guidelines, regulations and/or standards such as
  those implementing the EU Directive 94/62/EEC.
• Various country and EU initiatives could include
  disposal, reuse and/or recycling instructions,
  types of materials permitted/banned, etc. Local
  ordinances may also apply.

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Product Packaging (5.11) - Sample (TV-set)

• The following should be declared
• Type (e.g. carton and/or EPS) ...............
• Weight ............
• The packaging materials are marked according to
  (e.g. ISO 11469)
• The supplier offers packaging take back and
  recycling services in many locations throughout
  the world. Public packaging recovery systems
  might also be used where possible. Customers are
  advised to contact their supplier representatives
  for additional information.
• The following guidelines and/or regulations
  apply

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Other Take-back Information (5.12)
Statements on availability of take-back schemes
for products and consumables should be given.
Sample Statement
The supplier offers take back and recycling
services for products and consumables in many
locations throughout the world. Customers are
advised to contact their supplier representatives
for additional information.
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Documentation (5.13)
The range of post-consumer recycled content
should be declared. The paper bleaching method
should be specified.
Sample Statement

• The documentation is made under use of
  post-consumer recycled paper.
• Post-consumer content ..... to ......
• The paper is bleached by the following method

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Summary
ECMA TR/70 is a useful tool to declare
environmental product attributes without
restrictions by limits in a world-wide harmonized
way. The TR/70 document is voluntary, easy to
use and has many potential applications (helps to
cover many requests of customers especially major
customers, marketing could be delivered with
product, internet, tenders, add-on to technical
documentation). Manufacturer and suppliers
should take the opportunity to support a
standardized reporting of environmental
attributes by using the ECMA TR/70 document.
Procurement organizations should also request
them as a part of their purchasing criteria.