UN Convention against Corruption: The Hallmark of Public Service

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UN Convention against Corruption The Hallmark of
Public Service
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UN Convention against Corruption Main Pillars

• Preventative Measures
• Criminalization and Law Enforcement
• International Cooperation
• Asset Recovery

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Crisis The Corruption U-Curve
C
A
Expectation
Behavior
B
Time
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Preventive measures
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Anti-Corruption Policies and Practices Art. 5

• Develop and implement, or maintain, effective
  coordinated anti-corruption policies and
  practices - e.g.., Action-Planning Workshops
• Periodical evaluation of legal instruments and
  administrative measures Measuring Corruption
  and the effect of Anti-Corruption measures
• International Collaboration Regional and
  International Exchange, Research, and Training

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Independent Anti-Corruption Bodies Art. 6

• Establish anti-corruption bodies to
• Implement/ oversee and coordinate the
  implementation the anti-policies referred to in
  Art. 5
• Increase and disseminate knowledge
• Independence to enable the body to carry out its
  functions effectively and free from undue
  influence
• Legal independence
• Political independence appointment and removal
  process
• Realistic budgetary resources and allocations
• Immunity against civil litigation
• Necessary resources,e.g. specialized staff and
  training

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Preventive Measures in Public Sector
Transparency Integrity Accountability
Personnel Management (Art.7) Code of Conduct
(Art.8)
Public Procurement and Public Finance
Management(Art.9)
Integrity of Judiciary and Prosecution Service
(Art.11)
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Public Sector Art. 7

• Building an efficient, transparent and
  merit-based civil service
• Strengthening systems for recruitment,promotion
  and retirement of civil servants,
• Adequate selection procedures and training for
  public position vulnerable to corruption,
• Regular rotation,
• Adequate remuneration and equitable pay scales,
• Education and training to enable public officials
  to meet requirements for the correct, honourable
  and proper performance
• Promote transparency of government actions and
  prevent the conflict of Interest

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Prevention of political corruption - Art. 7

• Political corruption - irregular party and
  election financing, vote buying, trading in
  influence, etc.
• It undermines political competition, citizens
  trust in democratic institutions and process
• Clear criteria for candidacy and election to
  public office
• Enhance transparency in the funding of elections
  and political parties through disclosure of
  contributions and expenditures
• Range of other responses
• State subsidies
• Limitation on contributions and campaign
  expenditures
• Sanctions loss of state contributions, fines,
  annulment of elections, ineligibility

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CODES OF CONDUCT
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Codes of Conduct for Public Officials Art. 8

• Application of codes of conduct for the correct,
  honourable and proper performance of public
  functions
• Codes of conduct have to be more than pieces of
  paper
• Systems and measures facilitating the reporting
  of acts of corruption by public officials (Art 33
  protecting those persons)
• Public Awareness of the Codes of Conduct /
  Citizen Charter
• Complaint Boxes, Hotlines and Internet Sites
• Effective and credible complaints review system
• Reliable feedback those complaining regular
  public reporting
• Effective disciplinary and other measures against
  public officials for the violation of the codes
  of conduct

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Declaration of assets and interests Art. 8

• Establish measures and systems requiring public
  officials to declare, inter alia, their outside
  activities, employment, investments, assets and
  substantial gifts or benefits from which a
  conflict of interest may results. (Art 20
  Illicit Enrichment)
• Limiting the asset declaration requirements to
  avoid overwhelming monitoring capacities by
  targeting the most vulnerable positions, e.g.
  public officials who
• Are responsible for government expenditure,
  allocation of contracts or other benefits
• Have access to confidential or economically
  valuable information
• Take decisions that have an economic impact on
  citizens and corporations (tax, customs
  authorities, courts, police, audit etc.)
• Extending the asset declaration requirements to
  third parties, e.g. family members, members of
  the same household.

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Participation of Society

• Public Reporting (Art.10)
• Facilitate access of general public to
  information on organization decision-making of
  public administration

• Participation of Society (Art.13)
• Ensure Active Participation of Civil Society
• Provide Public Access to Anti-Corruption Bodies
• Encourage Citizens to Report on Offences (Art.39)

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The Global Programme Against Corruption

• OBJECTIVES (2006 2008)
• Provide technical assistance in areas where the
  Convention poses the greatest challenges of
  implementation supporting Member States in
  closing the gap between the language of the
  Convention and effective implementation.
• Prevention
• Enforcement
• Asset Recovery
• PROGRAMME COMPONENTS
• Technical assistance in collaboration with field
  offices
• Policy development and outreach through field
  offices, network of institutes and national
  counterparts
• Interagency anti-corruption coordination

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Advisory Services and Technical Assistance

• Types of Assistance
• Supporting FOs in the development and
  implementation of country projects
• Providing ad-hoc policy advice, technical inputs,
  and training
• Focus of Technical Assistance Projects
• Measuring corruption and anti-corruption capacity
  through assessment
• institutions of accountability (e.g. judiciary,
  anti-corruption agencies, prosecution services)
• Support development of anti-corruption policies,
  measures and action plans
• Assist through expert advise and technical input
  the implementation of action plans
• Training, media plans and capacity building

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For further information

• The Global Programme Against Corruption
• United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
• P.O.Box 500 Vienna
• A-1400 Austria
• By Fax [phone]
• By Phone [phone]
• E-mail stuart.gilman_at_unodc.org
• http//www.unodc.org/unodc/en/corruption.html