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Title: Budget Priorities and Opportunities for the Office of Basic Energy Sciences and the Office of Scienc


1
Budget Priorities and Opportunities for the
Office of Basic Energy Sciences and the Office of
Science for FY 20042003 ERC Workshop
ForumArlington, VAFebruary 25, 2003
BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES -- Serving the Present,
Shaping the Future
  • Timothy J. Fitzsimmons, Ph.D.
  • Engineering Physics Core Research Activity
  • Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of
    Science
  • U.S. Department of Energy
  • Germantown, Maryland

http//www.science.doe.gov/
2
OUTLINE
  • Introductions
  • The Office of Science
  • The Office of Basic Energy Sciences
  • Areas of particular interest
  • Vision and Priorities in the FY 2004 Budget
    Request
  • Opportunities for Engineering and Scientific
    Investigations at X-ray, Neutron and Microscopy
    facilities and centers.
  • Nanoscale Science, Engineering and Technology
    Research Centers
  • Concluding Remarks

3
The Office of Science
  • Supports basic research that underpins DOE
    missions.
  • Provides over 40 of federal support to the
    physical sciences (including more than 90 of
    high energy and nuclear physics, 60 of
    catalysis, 25 of nanoscience)
  • Provides sole support to select sub-fields (e.g.
    elements of nuclear medicine, heavy element
    chemistry, magnetic fusion, etc.)
  • Supports the research of 15,000 PhDs and graduate
    students
  • Constructs and operates large scientific
    facilities for the U.S. research community.
  • -- Accelerators, synchrotron light sources,
    neutron sources, etc.
  • Used by about 18,000 researchers every year
  • Provides infrastructure support for the ten SC
  • laboratories.

4
Office of Science Vision FY04 - FY08
National Security, a Clean Environment Energy
Security Through Basic Research
Scientific Discovery Through 21st Century
Computation
Revolutionary New Materials Through Nanoscience
Uncovering the Origins of Time and Matter
Tomorrows Science and Technology Capabilities
  • Five Nanoscale Research Centers linked to large
    scientific research instruments at the DOE
    National Labs to enable
  • High Efficiency energy storage conversion.
  • Miniature sensors.
  • Nanocatalysts with enhanced specificity and
    reactivity.
  • Novel materials that are light weight, strong and
    conductive.
  • Low cost, high-efficiency photovoltaic cells.
  • Materials for hi-temperature applications
  • Understand the origins of the Universe
  • - Mass
  • Accelerating Universe
  • Beginning of Time
  • Dominance of Matter over Anti-matter
  • Create the quark-gluon plasma that existed
    immediately after the Big Bang, providing
    fundamental insights in the evolution of the
    early universe.
  • Nature of Quarks and Gluons internal structure
    of protons and neutrons.
  • By 2004 Initiate pilot Laboratory Science
    Teacher Professional Development Program.
  • By 2006 Provide hands-on experience in science
    and math research to 2,500 K-14 teachers
    each year.
  • By 2006 Complete Spallation Neutron Source for
    improved drugs and materials.
  • By 2008 Complete 5 unique Nanoscience Research
    Centers, providing the tools for nanoscale
    machines, designer materials medical advances.
  • By 2009 Construct a Linear Coherent Light
    Source, providing the ability to image atoms.
  • Develop computer architectures that will
    dramatically improve hardware performance on DOE
    scientific problems.
  • Develop scientific simulation codes to fully
    exploit the capabilities of terascale computers
    for DOE problems.
  • For Simulation of
  • - Climate
  • Nano-Materials
  • Protein Folding
  • Cell Functions via Genomes to Life
  • Origins of Mass (QCD)
  • Quark-Gluon Plasma
  • Fusion Confinement
  • Combustion
  • New materials for lighter weight vehicles, more
    efficient engines, more efficient photovoltaic
    cells.
  • Harnessing microbes, microbial communities and
    other organisms to produce energy, sequester
    carbon, and remediate hazardous waste sites.
  • Demonstrate the scientific and technical
    feasibility of fusion energy on ITER by 2020.

5
Office of Science Areas of Emphasis of the FY
2004 Budget
  • Research Priorities
  • Nanoscale Science, Engineering, Technology
    (196M, 64M)
  • Genomes to Life (67M, 24M)
  • Climate Change Research Initiative (25M, 22M)
  • Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing
    (SciDAC) (62M, no change)
  • Workforce Development Laboratory Science
    Teachers Professional Development (6M, 1M)
  • Upgrade facilities to explore the fundamental
    nature of energy matter (447M, 22M)
  • ITER Negotiations and Supporting RD (12M)
  • Next Generation Computing Architecture (15M,
    7M)
  • Return on Investments More Operating Time
    (between 100 and 83 of maximum) and New
    Instrumentation at User Facilities (1,258M, 14M)

6
Science for Security
  • Workshop Basic Research Needs to Assure a
    Secure Energy Future
  • Report to be presented later today to the Basic
    Energy Sciences Advisory Committee meeting in
    Rockville, MD and posted on the Basic Energy
    Sciences website.
  • Will present detailed recommendation for
    potential research directions.
  • The 37 proposed research directions fall into ten
    general research areas, all of which are
    multidisciplinary in nature
  • Materials Research to Transcend Energy Barriers
  • Energy Bioscience
  • Research Towards the Hydrogen Economy
  • Energy Storage
  • Novel Membrane Assemblies
  • Heterogeneous Catalysis
  • Energy Conversion
  • Energy Utilization Efficiency
  • Nuclear Fuel Cycles and Actinide Chemistry
  • Geosciences
  • Source http//www.sc.doe.gov/bes/BESAC/PPT11-05-
    02.htm

7
Science for a Hydrogen Economy
  • Basic Energy Sciences
  • Catalysts and mechanisms for hydrogen production
  • Modeling of hydrogen combustion for NOx
    minimization
  • Electrochemical energy conversion mechanisms and
    materials research for fuel cells
  • Biological mechanisms of generation and
    metabolism
  • Biological and Environmental Research
  • Genomes to Life
  • Biotechnology mechanisms of generation and
    metabolism
  • Microbial Biotechnology

8
One-Third of the Office of Science Budget
Supports University Research
FY04 SC B/A 3,310.9M
Research (Universities) 558.4M
Major User Facilities 919.1M
Supports University Research
Research (Other) 232.2M
Includes funding for non-profits, other federal
agencies and private institutions.
Construction 264.4M
Research (Labs) 842.2M
Capital Equipment 220.6M
GPP/GPE 49.1M
Program Direction 150.8M
AIP 30.4M
Safeguards Security 43.7M
9
Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
  • Research (492M, 6M)
  • Catalysis research, especially at the nanoscale,
    supporting multiple DOE missions continues to be
    emphasized.
  • Major item of equipment for Argonne Nanoscale
    Research Center.
  • Facilities (296M, 16M)
  • Continued high level of service at major user
    facilities.
  • Construction, Engineering Design (221M, -31M)
  • Spallation Neutron Source construction is fully
    funded. (125M, -86M)
  • Nanoscale Research Centers (NSRC)
  • Continue Construction Oak Ridge Center (20M,
    -4M)
  • Start Construction of Lawrence Berkeley Center
    (35M)
  • Start Construction of Sandia/Los Alamos Center
    (30M)
  • Design Activities for NSRC's (3M, -8M)
  • SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source continues PED.
    (8M, 2M)

10
BES Facilities Collaborative Research Centers
Advanced Photon Source
Electron Microscopy Center for Materials Research
Materials Preparation Center
Center for Microanalysis of Materials
Intense Pulsed Neutron Source
National Synchrotron Light Source
Advanced Light Source
Spallation Neutron Source
National Center for Electron Microscopy
Surface Modification Characterization Center
Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
Shared Research Equipment Program
Los Alamos Neutron Science Center
Combustion Research Facility
High-Flux Isotope Reactor
James R. MacDonald Lab
Pulse Radiolysis Facility
11
BES Light Sources User Institutions
One half of the light source users come from
academia.
12
The Users of Synchrotron Light Sources(From the
Province of Specialists in the 1980s to a Widely
Used Tool in the 21st Century)
Who funds research at the light sources? BES
provides the complete support for the operations
of these facilities. Furthermore, BES continues
as the dominant supporter of research in the
physical sciences, providing as much as 85 of
all federal funds for beamlines, instruments, and
PI support. Many other agencies, industries, and
private sponsors provide support for
instrumentation and research in specialized areas
such as protein crystallography.
13
The Spallation Neutron Source
13
14
Spallation Neutron Source Instruments
  • Fourteen instruments have been approved by the
    SNS Experimental Facilities Advisory Committee.
    Five are being funded within the project
  • High-resolution backscattering spectrometer
  • Vertical Surface (Magnetism) reflectometer
  • Horizontal Surface (Liquids) reflectometer
  • Extended Q-range small-angle diffractometer
  • Third generation powder diffractometer
  • Three more instruments have been funded by
    Instrument Development Teams (IDTs)
  • Wide-angle thermal chopper spectrometer (Brent
    Fultz, Caltech)
  • Cold neutron chopper spectrometer with 10-100
    microelectron volt resolution (Paul Sokol, Penn
    State)
  • Engineering materials diffractometer
  • Funding is anticipated soon for five additional
    instruments
  • High pressure diffractometer
  • Disordered Materials diffractometer
  • High resolution thermal chopper spectrometer
  • Single crystal diffractometer
  • Hybrid Spectrometer
  • Fundmental physics facility
  • Other instruments are in the discussion stage
  • Spin-echo spectrometer

Funded by Canada
BES is the anticipated source of funding. Plan
would be to start as early as 2003. Instruments
would then be commissioned one per year in
FY 2007-10
German interest
http//www.sns.anl.gov/instruments/
15
The Transmission Electron Achromatic Microscope
(TEAM)
GOAL Design and develop a new generation of
intermediate-voltage (200-300 kV) electron
microscopes in which the two major lens
deficiencies that limit performance spherical
and chromatic aberration are compensated.
  • When optimized for resolution, the correction of
    aberrations should allow recovery of direct
    spatial resolution in the range of 50 pm.
  • Alternatively, improvements in the electron
    optics would ease tight constraints on sample
    space surrounding the specimen due to the lenses.
    The resulting larger chamber could accommodate
    improved spectrometers or in-situ modules for
    dynamic imaging of reactions, deposition,
    deformation, and response to electric and
    magnetic fields.
  • Custom aberration-corrected instruments are
    planned based on a common, standardized core
    platform. Individual instruments will be
    configured to meet distinct scientific goals
    atomic resolution tomography, single column
    microanalysis, or in-situ manipulation.

Time sequence of high-resolution images taken by
NCEM scientist at the only existing spherical
aberration-corrected microscope (Jülich, Germany)
showing removal of a single atomic column at a
gold surface.

16
Understanding the Nanoscale Providing national
user facilities for synthesizing, processing and
probing materials at the atomic scale
X-ray, neutron, and electron scattering
techniques have opened the world of the
ultra-small. The next challenge is to open the
world of the ultra-fast at this same spatial
resolution.
X-ray scattering
Neutron scattering
Electron Scattering
AlNiCo quasicrystal structure
Interface
Zeolite catalyst
Transmission electron microscope image showing an
abrupt interface and low defect density for the
ferroelectric SrTiO3 on Si.
Molecular machines of life
High Tc superconductor
17
Nanoscale Research Centers (NSRCs)
  • Research facilities for synthesis, processing,
    and fabrication of nanoscale materials
  • Co-located with existing user facilities
    (synchrotron radiation light sources, neutron
    scattering facilities, other specialized
    facilities) to provide characterization and
    analysis capabilities
  • Operated as user facilities available to all
    researchers access determined by peer review of
    proposals
  • Provide specialized equipment and support staff
    not readily available to the research community
  • Conceived with broad input from university and
    industry user communities to define equipment
    scope
  • Extensively reviewed by external peers, by the
    Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee, and by
    the Office of Science construction project
    management division

18
Nanoscale Research Centers (NSRCs)Facilities for
fabrication, assembly, and
characterization of objects at the nanoscale
  • NSRCs are highly collaborative, multidisciplinary
    research centers and user facilities for the
    fabrication and study of materials at the
    nanoscale.
  • Project Engineering and Design funding (3M) is
    provided for an NSRC at BNL
  • Equipment and capabilities of the NSRC are being
    determined based on input from the scientific
    user community.
  • Construction funding is provided for
  • The Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences
    (CNMS) at ORNL (20M).
  • The Molecular Foundry at LBNL (35M)
  • The Center for Integrated NanoTechnologies at
    SNL/LANL (30M)
  • A Major Item of Equipment (MIE) is funded for
  • The Center for Nanoscale Materials at ANL (10M)
    The State of Illinois is providing funding for
    this NSRC estimated to cost 36M.

19
Nanoscale Center Focus Areas
Center/Institution
Scientific Thrusts
  • Use of Neutron Scattering to probe materials at
    the nanoscale, especially in soft materials, at
    interfaces, and in nanophase materials exhibiting
    complex behavior Synthesis and nanofabrication
    Nanomaterials Theory Institute Integrated
    theory, modeling and simulation of multiscale
    phenomena, nanomaterials design, and virtual
    synthesis (computational nanoscience) Hybrid
    soft/hard materials, organic/inorganic
    interfaces, and self-organizing behavior and
    Experimental and theoretical nanointerface science

Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge
National Laboratory
  • Use of soft nanoscale materials in conjunction
    with hard nanoscale materials Fabrication of
    multi-component, complex functional assemblies
    using nanoscale building blocks Emphasis on
    integration of materials sciences, chemistry,
    biology, and computation to create and assemble
    nanoscale building blocks Laboratory facilities
    dedicated to inorganic nanostructures
    nanofabrication (lithography and stamping)
    organic, polymer/biopolymer synthesis biological
    nanostructures imaging and manipulation and
    theory and modeling

The Molecular Foundary Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory
Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Sandia and
Los Alamos National Laboratories
  • Nanomaterials Performance and Integration
    includingnanophotonics and electronics(Precise
    control of eletronic and photonic wavefunctions)
    complex functional nanomaterials nanomechanics
    nano/bio/micro interface (importing biological
    principles into artificial biomimetic
    nanosystems) theory and modeling of
    nanostructures

Center for Functional Nanomaterials Brookhaven
National Laboratory
  • Nanoscale strongly correlated oxides charge
    transport on the nanoscale nanostructured
    organic films nanoscale magnetism
    nanostructured catalysis applications of
    nanomaterials

Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National
Laboratories
  • Advanced magnetic materials nanocrystalline
    diamond complex oxides nanophotonics
    bio-inorganic hybrids X-ray nanoprobe
    characterization virtual fab-lab simulations of
    self-organization

20
Concluding Remarks
Some Web sites of interest http//www.sc.doe.gov
http//www.sc.doe.gov/feature/BES.htm http//www.s
c.doe.gov/bes/bes.html http//www.sc.doe.gov/bes/b
esac/Presentations.html http//www.sc.doe.gov/bes/
NSET_NSRC_brochure_FEB03.pdf http//www.sc.doe.gov
/Sub/Strategic_Com/Presentations/rollout_fy04.ppt
http//www.sc.doe.gov/bes/CRA.html
Thank You!
21
Backup
22
Department of Energy
Secretary Spencer Abraham Deputy
Secretary Kyle McSlarrow
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
Under Secretary for Nuclear Security/
Administrator for Nuclear Security
Under Secretary for Energy, Science and
Environment Robert Card
Departmental Staff and Support Offices
Counterintelligence Intelligence Office of
Security and Emergency Operations/ Chief
Information Officer Office of Independent
Oversight and Performance Assurance Office of
Public Affairs Office of Policy Office of
Management and Administration Office of Worker
and Community Transition Office of Hearings
and Appeals Contract Reform and Privatization
Project Office Secretary of Energy Advisory
Board Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board
Liaison
General Counsel
Deputy Administrator for Defense Programs
Assistant Secretary for Environmental Management
Chief Financial Officer
Director, Office of Science Raymond Orbach
Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy
Assistant Secretary for Environment, Safety and
Health
Deputy Administrator for Defense Nuclear
Nonproliferation
Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy
Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management
Assistant Secretary for Congressional
Intergovnm'tal Affairs
Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology
Deputy Administrator for Naval Reactors
Assistant Secretary for International Affairs
Energy Information Administration
Office of Economic Impact and Diversity
Power Marketing Administration
Inspector General
The Deputy Secretary also serves as the Chief
Operating Officer
23
Office of Science
Director James F. Decker (Acting) Principal
Deputy Director Milton Johnson (Acting) Deputy
Director for Operations James Turi (Acting)
BESAC BERAC HEPAP NSAC FESAC ASCAC
Office of Basic Energy Sciences Associate
Director Patricia Dehmer
Office of Biological and Environmental
Res. Associate Director Aristides Patrinos
Office of High Energy and Nuclear
Physics Associate Director S. Peter Rosen
Office of Fusion Energy Sciences Associate
Director N. Anne Davies
Office of Advanced Scientific Computing
Res. Associate Director C. Edward Oliver
Office of Resource Management Associate
Director John Rodney Clark
Office of Planning and Analysis Director William
J. Valdez
Office of Laboratory Policy Director Antoinette
Joseph
Office of Lab. Operations and ESH Associate
Director Margaret Tolbert (Acting)
Chicago Operations Office Manager Marvin Gunn
Oak Ridge Operations Office Manager Leah Dever
Berkeley Site Office Manager Richard Nolan
Stanford Site Office Manager John Muhlestein
24
BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES -- Serving the Present,
Shaping the Future
  • The Mission
  • Advance the frontiers of knowledge to provide the
    scientific foundations for new and improved,
    environmentally conscientious energy technologies
  • Create and operate forefront scientific user
    facilities
  • Provide innovative and effective research teams
    and tools
  • Scientific and Technical Core Competencies
  • Materials sciences and engineering physics
    chemistry geosciences physical biosciences
  • Multidisciplinary nanoscale science and
    technology
  • Reactor and accelerator based user facilities for
    photon, neutron, and electron beam scattering
    research
  • Advanced instrumentation

25
BES Research Funding toDOE Laboratories and
Universities
26
Office of Basic Energy Sciences -- Major
Research Areas
  • Chemical Biological Geosciences
  • Geochemistry of Mineral-fluid Interactions
  • Geophysical Interrogation of Earths Crust
  • Rock-fluid Dynamics
  • Biogeochemistry Atomic, Molecular Optical
    Physics
  • Advanced Batteries Fuel Cells
  • Chemical Kinetics
  • Chemical Physics
  • Catalysis - Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Phase
  • Combustion Dynamics
  • Electrochemistry
  • Heavy Element Chemistry
  • Interfacial Chemistry
  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Photochemistry
  • Photosynthetic Mechanisms
  • Radiation Effects
  • Materials Sciences and Engineering
  • Catalysis
  • Ceramics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Corrosion
  • Electronic Properties of Materials
  • Experimental Techniques Instrument Devel.
  • Intermetallic Alloys
  • Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
  • Materials Physics and Chemistry
  • Mechanical and Physical Behavior
  • Metallic Glasses
  • Metallurgy, Metal Forming
  • Neutron and Photon Scattering
  • Photovoltaics
  • Polymer Science
  • Radiation Effects
  • Solid Dynamics

  • Engineering Physics FY04 Request
    16.5M
  • Nanotechnology and Microsystems Engineering
  • Multi-phase Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer
  • Materials Engineering
  • (e.g., NDE, Welding,Joining)

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