Title: Budget Priorities and Opportunities for the Office of Basic Energy Sciences and the Office of Scienc
1Budget Priorities and Opportunities for the
Office of Basic Energy Sciences and the Office of
Science for FY 20042003 ERC Workshop
ForumArlington, VAFebruary 25, 2003
BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES -- Serving the Present,
Shaping the Future
- Timothy J. Fitzsimmons, Ph.D.
- Engineering Physics Core Research Activity
- Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of
Science - U.S. Department of Energy
- Germantown, Maryland
http//www.science.doe.gov/
2OUTLINE
- Introductions
- The Office of Science
- The Office of Basic Energy Sciences
- Areas of particular interest
- Vision and Priorities in the FY 2004 Budget
Request - Opportunities for Engineering and Scientific
Investigations at X-ray, Neutron and Microscopy
facilities and centers. - Nanoscale Science, Engineering and Technology
Research Centers - Concluding Remarks
3The Office of Science
- Supports basic research that underpins DOE
missions. - Provides over 40 of federal support to the
physical sciences (including more than 90 of
high energy and nuclear physics, 60 of
catalysis, 25 of nanoscience) - Provides sole support to select sub-fields (e.g.
elements of nuclear medicine, heavy element
chemistry, magnetic fusion, etc.) - Supports the research of 15,000 PhDs and graduate
students - Constructs and operates large scientific
facilities for the U.S. research community. - -- Accelerators, synchrotron light sources,
neutron sources, etc. - Used by about 18,000 researchers every year
- Provides infrastructure support for the ten SC
- laboratories.
4Office of Science Vision FY04 - FY08
National Security, a Clean Environment Energy
Security Through Basic Research
Scientific Discovery Through 21st Century
Computation
Revolutionary New Materials Through Nanoscience
Uncovering the Origins of Time and Matter
Tomorrows Science and Technology Capabilities
- Five Nanoscale Research Centers linked to large
scientific research instruments at the DOE
National Labs to enable - High Efficiency energy storage conversion.
- Miniature sensors.
- Nanocatalysts with enhanced specificity and
reactivity. - Novel materials that are light weight, strong and
conductive. - Low cost, high-efficiency photovoltaic cells.
- Materials for hi-temperature applications
- Understand the origins of the Universe
- - Mass
- Accelerating Universe
- Beginning of Time
- Dominance of Matter over Anti-matter
- Create the quark-gluon plasma that existed
immediately after the Big Bang, providing
fundamental insights in the evolution of the
early universe. - Nature of Quarks and Gluons internal structure
of protons and neutrons.
- By 2004 Initiate pilot Laboratory Science
Teacher Professional Development Program. - By 2006 Provide hands-on experience in science
and math research to 2,500 K-14 teachers
each year. - By 2006 Complete Spallation Neutron Source for
improved drugs and materials. - By 2008 Complete 5 unique Nanoscience Research
Centers, providing the tools for nanoscale
machines, designer materials medical advances. - By 2009 Construct a Linear Coherent Light
Source, providing the ability to image atoms.
- Develop computer architectures that will
dramatically improve hardware performance on DOE
scientific problems. - Develop scientific simulation codes to fully
exploit the capabilities of terascale computers
for DOE problems. - For Simulation of
- - Climate
- Nano-Materials
- Protein Folding
- Cell Functions via Genomes to Life
- Origins of Mass (QCD)
- Quark-Gluon Plasma
- Fusion Confinement
- Combustion
- New materials for lighter weight vehicles, more
efficient engines, more efficient photovoltaic
cells. - Harnessing microbes, microbial communities and
other organisms to produce energy, sequester
carbon, and remediate hazardous waste sites. - Demonstrate the scientific and technical
feasibility of fusion energy on ITER by 2020.
5Office of Science Areas of Emphasis of the FY
2004 Budget
- Research Priorities
- Nanoscale Science, Engineering, Technology
(196M, 64M) - Genomes to Life (67M, 24M)
- Climate Change Research Initiative (25M, 22M)
- Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing
(SciDAC) (62M, no change) - Workforce Development Laboratory Science
Teachers Professional Development (6M, 1M) - Upgrade facilities to explore the fundamental
nature of energy matter (447M, 22M) - ITER Negotiations and Supporting RD (12M)
- Next Generation Computing Architecture (15M,
7M) - Return on Investments More Operating Time
(between 100 and 83 of maximum) and New
Instrumentation at User Facilities (1,258M, 14M)
6Science for Security
- Workshop Basic Research Needs to Assure a
Secure Energy Future - Report to be presented later today to the Basic
Energy Sciences Advisory Committee meeting in
Rockville, MD and posted on the Basic Energy
Sciences website. - Will present detailed recommendation for
potential research directions. - The 37 proposed research directions fall into ten
general research areas, all of which are
multidisciplinary in nature - Materials Research to Transcend Energy Barriers
- Energy Bioscience
- Research Towards the Hydrogen Economy
- Energy Storage
- Novel Membrane Assemblies
- Heterogeneous Catalysis
- Energy Conversion
- Energy Utilization Efficiency
- Nuclear Fuel Cycles and Actinide Chemistry
- Geosciences
- Source http//www.sc.doe.gov/bes/BESAC/PPT11-05-
02.htm
7Science for a Hydrogen Economy
- Basic Energy Sciences
- Catalysts and mechanisms for hydrogen production
- Modeling of hydrogen combustion for NOx
minimization - Electrochemical energy conversion mechanisms and
materials research for fuel cells - Biological mechanisms of generation and
metabolism - Biological and Environmental Research
- Genomes to Life
- Biotechnology mechanisms of generation and
metabolism - Microbial Biotechnology
8One-Third of the Office of Science Budget
Supports University Research
FY04 SC B/A 3,310.9M
Research (Universities) 558.4M
Major User Facilities 919.1M
Supports University Research
Research (Other) 232.2M
Includes funding for non-profits, other federal
agencies and private institutions.
Construction 264.4M
Research (Labs) 842.2M
Capital Equipment 220.6M
GPP/GPE 49.1M
Program Direction 150.8M
AIP 30.4M
Safeguards Security 43.7M
9Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
- Research (492M, 6M)
- Catalysis research, especially at the nanoscale,
supporting multiple DOE missions continues to be
emphasized. - Major item of equipment for Argonne Nanoscale
Research Center. - Facilities (296M, 16M)
- Continued high level of service at major user
facilities. - Construction, Engineering Design (221M, -31M)
- Spallation Neutron Source construction is fully
funded. (125M, -86M) - Nanoscale Research Centers (NSRC)
- Continue Construction Oak Ridge Center (20M,
-4M) - Start Construction of Lawrence Berkeley Center
(35M) - Start Construction of Sandia/Los Alamos Center
(30M) - Design Activities for NSRC's (3M, -8M)
- SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source continues PED.
(8M, 2M)
10BES Facilities Collaborative Research Centers
Advanced Photon Source
Electron Microscopy Center for Materials Research
Materials Preparation Center
Center for Microanalysis of Materials
Intense Pulsed Neutron Source
National Synchrotron Light Source
Advanced Light Source
Spallation Neutron Source
National Center for Electron Microscopy
Surface Modification Characterization Center
Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
Shared Research Equipment Program
Los Alamos Neutron Science Center
Combustion Research Facility
High-Flux Isotope Reactor
James R. MacDonald Lab
Pulse Radiolysis Facility
11BES Light Sources User Institutions
One half of the light source users come from
academia.
12The Users of Synchrotron Light Sources(From the
Province of Specialists in the 1980s to a Widely
Used Tool in the 21st Century)
Who funds research at the light sources? BES
provides the complete support for the operations
of these facilities. Furthermore, BES continues
as the dominant supporter of research in the
physical sciences, providing as much as 85 of
all federal funds for beamlines, instruments, and
PI support. Many other agencies, industries, and
private sponsors provide support for
instrumentation and research in specialized areas
such as protein crystallography.
13The Spallation Neutron Source
13
14Spallation Neutron Source Instruments
- Fourteen instruments have been approved by the
SNS Experimental Facilities Advisory Committee.
Five are being funded within the project - High-resolution backscattering spectrometer
- Vertical Surface (Magnetism) reflectometer
- Horizontal Surface (Liquids) reflectometer
- Extended Q-range small-angle diffractometer
- Third generation powder diffractometer
- Three more instruments have been funded by
Instrument Development Teams (IDTs) - Wide-angle thermal chopper spectrometer (Brent
Fultz, Caltech) - Cold neutron chopper spectrometer with 10-100
microelectron volt resolution (Paul Sokol, Penn
State) - Engineering materials diffractometer
- Funding is anticipated soon for five additional
instruments - High pressure diffractometer
- Disordered Materials diffractometer
- High resolution thermal chopper spectrometer
- Single crystal diffractometer
- Hybrid Spectrometer
- Fundmental physics facility
- Other instruments are in the discussion stage
- Spin-echo spectrometer
Funded by Canada
BES is the anticipated source of funding. Plan
would be to start as early as 2003. Instruments
would then be commissioned one per year in
FY 2007-10
German interest
http//www.sns.anl.gov/instruments/
15The Transmission Electron Achromatic Microscope
(TEAM)
GOAL Design and develop a new generation of
intermediate-voltage (200-300 kV) electron
microscopes in which the two major lens
deficiencies that limit performance spherical
and chromatic aberration are compensated.
- When optimized for resolution, the correction of
aberrations should allow recovery of direct
spatial resolution in the range of 50 pm. - Alternatively, improvements in the electron
optics would ease tight constraints on sample
space surrounding the specimen due to the lenses.
The resulting larger chamber could accommodate
improved spectrometers or in-situ modules for
dynamic imaging of reactions, deposition,
deformation, and response to electric and
magnetic fields. - Custom aberration-corrected instruments are
planned based on a common, standardized core
platform. Individual instruments will be
configured to meet distinct scientific goals
atomic resolution tomography, single column
microanalysis, or in-situ manipulation.
Time sequence of high-resolution images taken by
NCEM scientist at the only existing spherical
aberration-corrected microscope (Jülich, Germany)
showing removal of a single atomic column at a
gold surface.
16Understanding the Nanoscale Providing national
user facilities for synthesizing, processing and
probing materials at the atomic scale
X-ray, neutron, and electron scattering
techniques have opened the world of the
ultra-small. The next challenge is to open the
world of the ultra-fast at this same spatial
resolution.
X-ray scattering
Neutron scattering
Electron Scattering
AlNiCo quasicrystal structure
Interface
Zeolite catalyst
Transmission electron microscope image showing an
abrupt interface and low defect density for the
ferroelectric SrTiO3 on Si.
Molecular machines of life
High Tc superconductor
17Nanoscale Research Centers (NSRCs)
- Research facilities for synthesis, processing,
and fabrication of nanoscale materials - Co-located with existing user facilities
(synchrotron radiation light sources, neutron
scattering facilities, other specialized
facilities) to provide characterization and
analysis capabilities - Operated as user facilities available to all
researchers access determined by peer review of
proposals - Provide specialized equipment and support staff
not readily available to the research community - Conceived with broad input from university and
industry user communities to define equipment
scope - Extensively reviewed by external peers, by the
Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee, and by
the Office of Science construction project
management division
18Nanoscale Research Centers (NSRCs)Facilities for
fabrication, assembly, and
characterization of objects at the nanoscale
- NSRCs are highly collaborative, multidisciplinary
research centers and user facilities for the
fabrication and study of materials at the
nanoscale. - Project Engineering and Design funding (3M) is
provided for an NSRC at BNL - Equipment and capabilities of the NSRC are being
determined based on input from the scientific
user community. - Construction funding is provided for
- The Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences
(CNMS) at ORNL (20M). - The Molecular Foundry at LBNL (35M)
- The Center for Integrated NanoTechnologies at
SNL/LANL (30M) - A Major Item of Equipment (MIE) is funded for
- The Center for Nanoscale Materials at ANL (10M)
The State of Illinois is providing funding for
this NSRC estimated to cost 36M.
19Nanoscale Center Focus Areas
Center/Institution
Scientific Thrusts
- Use of Neutron Scattering to probe materials at
the nanoscale, especially in soft materials, at
interfaces, and in nanophase materials exhibiting
complex behavior Synthesis and nanofabrication
Nanomaterials Theory Institute Integrated
theory, modeling and simulation of multiscale
phenomena, nanomaterials design, and virtual
synthesis (computational nanoscience) Hybrid
soft/hard materials, organic/inorganic
interfaces, and self-organizing behavior and
Experimental and theoretical nanointerface science
Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge
National Laboratory
- Use of soft nanoscale materials in conjunction
with hard nanoscale materials Fabrication of
multi-component, complex functional assemblies
using nanoscale building blocks Emphasis on
integration of materials sciences, chemistry,
biology, and computation to create and assemble
nanoscale building blocks Laboratory facilities
dedicated to inorganic nanostructures
nanofabrication (lithography and stamping)
organic, polymer/biopolymer synthesis biological
nanostructures imaging and manipulation and
theory and modeling
The Molecular Foundary Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory
Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Sandia and
Los Alamos National Laboratories
- Nanomaterials Performance and Integration
includingnanophotonics and electronics(Precise
control of eletronic and photonic wavefunctions)
complex functional nanomaterials nanomechanics
nano/bio/micro interface (importing biological
principles into artificial biomimetic
nanosystems) theory and modeling of
nanostructures
Center for Functional Nanomaterials Brookhaven
National Laboratory
- Nanoscale strongly correlated oxides charge
transport on the nanoscale nanostructured
organic films nanoscale magnetism
nanostructured catalysis applications of
nanomaterials
Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National
Laboratories
- Advanced magnetic materials nanocrystalline
diamond complex oxides nanophotonics
bio-inorganic hybrids X-ray nanoprobe
characterization virtual fab-lab simulations of
self-organization
20Concluding Remarks
Some Web sites of interest http//www.sc.doe.gov
http//www.sc.doe.gov/feature/BES.htm http//www.s
c.doe.gov/bes/bes.html http//www.sc.doe.gov/bes/b
esac/Presentations.html http//www.sc.doe.gov/bes/
NSET_NSRC_brochure_FEB03.pdf http//www.sc.doe.gov
/Sub/Strategic_Com/Presentations/rollout_fy04.ppt
http//www.sc.doe.gov/bes/CRA.html
Thank You!
21Backup
22Department of Energy
Secretary Spencer Abraham Deputy
Secretary Kyle McSlarrow
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
Under Secretary for Nuclear Security/
Administrator for Nuclear Security
Under Secretary for Energy, Science and
Environment Robert Card
Departmental Staff and Support Offices
Counterintelligence Intelligence Office of
Security and Emergency Operations/ Chief
Information Officer Office of Independent
Oversight and Performance Assurance Office of
Public Affairs Office of Policy Office of
Management and Administration Office of Worker
and Community Transition Office of Hearings
and Appeals Contract Reform and Privatization
Project Office Secretary of Energy Advisory
Board Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board
Liaison
General Counsel
Deputy Administrator for Defense Programs
Assistant Secretary for Environmental Management
Chief Financial Officer
Director, Office of Science Raymond Orbach
Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy
Assistant Secretary for Environment, Safety and
Health
Deputy Administrator for Defense Nuclear
Nonproliferation
Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy
Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management
Assistant Secretary for Congressional
Intergovnm'tal Affairs
Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology
Deputy Administrator for Naval Reactors
Assistant Secretary for International Affairs
Energy Information Administration
Office of Economic Impact and Diversity
Power Marketing Administration
Inspector General
The Deputy Secretary also serves as the Chief
Operating Officer
23Office of Science
Director James F. Decker (Acting) Principal
Deputy Director Milton Johnson (Acting) Deputy
Director for Operations James Turi (Acting)
BESAC BERAC HEPAP NSAC FESAC ASCAC
Office of Basic Energy Sciences Associate
Director Patricia Dehmer
Office of Biological and Environmental
Res. Associate Director Aristides Patrinos
Office of High Energy and Nuclear
Physics Associate Director S. Peter Rosen
Office of Fusion Energy Sciences Associate
Director N. Anne Davies
Office of Advanced Scientific Computing
Res. Associate Director C. Edward Oliver
Office of Resource Management Associate
Director John Rodney Clark
Office of Planning and Analysis Director William
J. Valdez
Office of Laboratory Policy Director Antoinette
Joseph
Office of Lab. Operations and ESH Associate
Director Margaret Tolbert (Acting)
Chicago Operations Office Manager Marvin Gunn
Oak Ridge Operations Office Manager Leah Dever
Berkeley Site Office Manager Richard Nolan
Stanford Site Office Manager John Muhlestein
24BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES -- Serving the Present,
Shaping the Future
- The Mission
- Advance the frontiers of knowledge to provide the
scientific foundations for new and improved,
environmentally conscientious energy technologies - Create and operate forefront scientific user
facilities - Provide innovative and effective research teams
and tools - Scientific and Technical Core Competencies
- Materials sciences and engineering physics
chemistry geosciences physical biosciences - Multidisciplinary nanoscale science and
technology - Reactor and accelerator based user facilities for
photon, neutron, and electron beam scattering
research - Advanced instrumentation
25BES Research Funding toDOE Laboratories and
Universities
26Office of Basic Energy Sciences -- Major
Research Areas
- Chemical Biological Geosciences
- Geochemistry of Mineral-fluid Interactions
- Geophysical Interrogation of Earths Crust
- Rock-fluid Dynamics
- Biogeochemistry Atomic, Molecular Optical
Physics - Advanced Batteries Fuel Cells
- Chemical Kinetics
- Chemical Physics
- Catalysis - Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Phase
- Combustion Dynamics
- Electrochemistry
- Heavy Element Chemistry
- Interfacial Chemistry
- Organometallic Chemistry
- Photochemistry
- Photosynthetic Mechanisms
- Radiation Effects
- Materials Sciences and Engineering
- Catalysis
- Ceramics
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Corrosion
- Electronic Properties of Materials
- Experimental Techniques Instrument Devel.
- Intermetallic Alloys
- Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
- Materials Physics and Chemistry
- Mechanical and Physical Behavior
- Metallic Glasses
- Metallurgy, Metal Forming
- Neutron and Photon Scattering
- Photovoltaics
- Polymer Science
- Radiation Effects
- Solid Dynamics
- Engineering Physics FY04 Request
16.5M - Nanotechnology and Microsystems Engineering
- Multi-phase Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer
- Materials Engineering
- (e.g., NDE, Welding,Joining)