RTCA SC203

1
AERONAUTICAL COMMUNICATIONS PANEL (ACP) 12th
MEETING OF WORKING GROUP M Montreal, Canada 16
20 June 2008
Agenda Item xx
Data Communications Program Overview (Presented
by Peter Muraca)
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Topics

• Definition of Program
• Concept of Operation (high level graphic)
• Data Comm Timeline
• System Scope
• Program Assumptions (general)
• Segments Functionality (services)
• Data Comm Capabilities Roadmap
• Coordination Harmonization Venues
• WG-M Envisioned Activities in support of Data Comm

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Definition of Program

• Mission
• Improve ATO efficiency Enhancing productivity of
  controllers
• Increase NAS capacity BY Enabling advanced
  operations to reduce resource needs
• Enhance air traffic safety Reducing
  communications errors related to voice
• Data Communications provides
• Two-way data between controllers, automation and
  flight crews
• Safety-of-flight air traffic control clearances,
  instructions, traffic flow management, flight
  crew requests and reports
• Automation enhancements for ATC message
  generation and exchange
• Communications link carrying data between
  aircraft and air traffic managers
• NextGen requires Data Communications
• Necessary to transition Agency from voice based
  ATC comm system to data centric NextGen

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Data Comm is a Key Enabler for NextGen
Supports all OEP Solution Sets

5
Data Comm CONOPS
Trajectory Based Operations High Performance
Airspace
ARTCCS
TRACONS
TOWERS
WX Reroutes
Clearances
Time Based Metering
Pilot Downlink
Fix
Tailored Arrivals / CDAs
ARTCCs
VDL-2
VDL-2
User Flight Operations Control
TOWER
ATCSCC
TRACONs
Taxi Instructions
Digital ATIS
Departure Clearance
Global Harmonization, Enhanced Safety, Increased
Capacity
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Data Comm Timeline
Key Sites
Initial Investment Decision
Investment Analysis Readiness Decision
En Route
Tower
TRACON
Final Investment Decision
Final Investment Decision
Final Investment Decision
Major Milestones
2008
10
12
14
17
2027
22
19
Near Term Activities
- Complete Service Level Agreements - Develop
interface requirements - Complete Safety
Assessments - Finalize Requirements Documents -
Develop Equipage Strategy - Develop Screening
Information Requests (SIR) - Complete JRC 2A,
Initial Investment Decision

• Release SIR- Receive and evaluate proposals-
  Mid-term human factors and standards- Finalize
  Business Case Analyses- Complete JRC 2B, Final
  Investment Decision
• Contract awards

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System Scope
Program Scope
FAA System Scope
User System Scope
5.0
6.0
7.0
1.0 Ground
2.0 Ground
3.0 Ground
4.0 Air-
Airborne
Airborne
Airborne
User
Data
Message
Ground
Message
Data
User
Interface
Processing
Delivery
Message
Delivery
Processing
Interface
(GUI)
(GDP)
(GMD)
Delivery
Controller
Flight Crew
(AMD)
(ADP)
(AUI)
(AGMD)

• FAA System Scope
• Program funds enhancements required to perform
  data communications in
• Ground User Interface (e.g. ERAM/DSR display
  software)
• Ground Data Processing (e.g. application software
  to create clearances)
• Ground Data Delivery (e.g. wide area networking
  between ground facilities)
• Ground components of A/G Message Delivery (e.g.
  radio, ground antenna)
• User System Scope
• Users fund enhancements required to perform data
  communications in
• Airborne components of A/G Message Delivery (e.g.
  aircraft radio, antenna)
• Airborne Message Delivery (e.g. aircraft
  networking)
• Airborne Data Processing (e.g. app s/w in comm
  flight management units)
• Airborne User Interface (e.g. cockpit displays
  s/w)

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Program Assumptions - General

• Data comm is required to transition Agency to
  NextGen Concept of Operations
• Transition to NextGen required by 2025
• Large scope requires partition into phases
• Functions/services originated from Communications
  Operating Concept and Requirements for the Future
  Radio System, (COCR) due to international
  coordination and buy-in
• Not all COCR services implemented
• VDL Mode 2 is the subnetwork

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Segment 1 Functionality (2012 2017)

• Segment 1 Services will include
• Data link logon (DLL) service to provide a unique
  digital identification of every aircraft
• Air Traffic Control clearances (ACL),
  instructions, and notifications provided in a
  textual format (data messaging) between
  controllers and pilots
• Departure Clearances (DCL) including revisions
  transmitted to the aircraft on the ground
• Initial use of 4-D Trajectory clearances for
  continuous descent approaches
• Digital Automatic Terminal Information Service
  (D-ATIS) up-links of airport weather, hazards,
  and restrictions to the aircraft
• Automatic ATC hand-off (ACM) data transmitted
  to aircraft identifying the radio frequency in
  use by the next air traffic control sector

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Segment 2 Functionality (2017 )

• Segment 2 Services will include
• Segment 1 services in TRACONS
• Segment 1 services in En Route, plus
• 4-D Trajectory Agreements in Performance Based
  Airspace, providing conflict-free flight with
  stable aircraft routing
• Conformance Management to ensure aircraft comply
  with 4-D agreements
• Tailored Arrivals/Continuous Descent Approaches
  and Time-based metering
• Arrival Taxi Instructions (ACL, D-TAXI) prior to
  landing, giving the aircraft detailed guidance
  from touchdown to gate.
• NAS Airport status, delays constraints,
  hazardous wx uplinked to the aircrew
• Taxi-in / Taxi-out service provides taxi routes
  for aircraft to follow from the gate to the
  runway

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Data Comm Capabilities
Today 2010
2015 2020 2025
Operational Capabilities Enabled by Data
Communications
DC In Tower
DC In En Route
DC In TRACON
Airspace Rule
Red Terminal Function Black En Route
Function Purple Cross Domain Function

• Original Revised Departure Clearances, D-ATIS

• TRACON Data Comm Including Routine Clearances,
  Comm Mgmt, 4-D TAP/CDA Time Based Metering

• Widespread 4-D Agreements

• Clearances

• Complex Clearances Expanded 4-D

• Conformance Management

• Comm Mgmt
• TFM Reroutes
• Time Based Metering

• Airport Status, Taxi-In, Taxi-Out
• NAS Status / Delays / Constraints / Sequencing
  Hazardous WX

• Initial 4-D Tailored Arrival Procedures (TAP)
  / Continuous Descent Approaches (CDA) to OEP
  Airports

• Widespread Delegated Separation
• Merging Spacing (MS), Crossing and Passing
  (CP), In-Trail Procedures (ITP), Paired
  Approaches ( PAIRAPP)

NextGen Automation Capabilities Integrated with
Data Communications
Today 2010
2015 2020
2025

• Conflict Probe Integration

• Time Based Metering Function

• ERAM ICAO Flight Plan Update

• En Route Descent Advisor

• Extended Conflict Probe

• Departure Spacing/Sequencing Function

• Conformance Management Monitor

• Conflict Resolution Developer

• Delegated Separation Automation Monitor

• Trajectory Builder

• Closely Spaced Parallel Approach Tool

• TRACON Time Based Metering Function

• Extended Conflict Probe

• Aircraft in Need Determiner

• Enhanced Conformance Monitor

• Enhanced Conflict Resolution Developer

• Enhanced Trajectory Builder

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Coordination Harmonization Venues
PARC Performance-Based Operations Aviation
Rulemaking Committee
AEEC
RTCA/EUROCAE

• Performance-Based Criteria and Rulemaking
  Development (Communications Working Group)
• Required Communication Performance
• Airspace and Aircraft Rulemaking recommendations

• Avionics Services Coordination (DLUF)
• Avionics Characteristics Development (e.g., DLK
  SC, SAI)

• FAA/Industry Synchronization (ATMAC RPWG or
  equivalent)
• Services Validation
• Timing Interrelationship of FAA and Stakeholder
  Investments
• Standards Development
• (SC-214 / WG-78)
• Safety Performance
• Interoperability

www.faa.gov/ato?ksc214
GEIA Govt Electronics and Information
Technology Association
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization
LINK 2K SESAR

• Industry Coordination on Infrastructure
  Acquisition

• Inter. Coordination / Harmonization
• Aeronautical Communications Panel (ACP)
• Data Link Steering Group (DLSG)

• Coordination /
• Harmonization

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WG-M Envisioned Activities in support of Data Comm

• 1. Data Comm Application level list of
  anticipated standards modifications/additions
• Application standards (i.e., CM, CPDLC, ADS-C)
  may require changes in support of those services
  specified within RTCA SC-214 Safety and
  Performance Requirements, and Interoperability
  requirements for Data Comm services.
• PM-CPDLC message changes (as developed within
  RTCA SC-214, like D-TAXI, etc.) Target Seg 1,
  and Seg 2.
• PM-FIS and PM-ADS-C (like the changes in DOC 9880
  for PM-CPDLC) Target Seg 2 (note, the changes
  for PM-FIS may be required for Seg 1)
• It may also be necessary to introduce security
  requirements within the Air / Ground
  infrastructure in support of the Data Comm
  program. Such modifications / additions to the
  international standards would be accomplished
  within ICAO ACP WG-M (DOC 9880), and/or RTCA
  SC-214 SG-XX. Target Seg 2.
• 2. Data Comm Subnetwork level list of
  anticipated standards modifications/additions
• Due to changes to the implementation
  characteristics of VDL Mode 2 within AEEC 631, it
  will be necessary to bring such changes forward
  to ICAO ACP WG-M for incorporation and acceptance
  in the ICAO VDL Mode 2 Technical Manual and VDL
  Mode 2 SARPS. This harmonization of changes
  support programs such as Link 2k and Data Comm.
  Target Seg 1, and Seg 2
• VDL Mode 2 Autotune requirements/characteristics
  updates - Target Seg 1, and Seg 2.
• VDL Mode 2 Frequency Support List-based handoffs
  - Target Seg 1, and Seg 2.
• VDL Mode 2 Frequency Management for multiple
  frequencies - Target Seg 1, and Seg 2.
• VDL Mode 2 protocol cleanup related to above
  changes - Target Seg 1, and Seg 2.
• Overall harmonization of AEEC 631 implementation
  characteristics with ICAO VDL Mode 2 Technical
  Manual - Target Seg 1, and Seg 2.

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• BACK-UP

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Day In The Life of Data Comm Segment 1

• Pre-Departure
• Logon
• ATIS
• Departure Clearance Revisions
• Departure Taxi Take-Off
• Departure Taxi
• Take-Off via Voice
• Departure in TRACON
• Voice
• En Route
• Voice
• Data for Routine Clearances
• TFM Aircraft Specific Re-Routes
• Initial 4-D Tailored Arrival Procedures
  (TAP) Continuous Descent Approach (CDA)
• Communications Management

• Arrival In TRACON
• Voice
• Arrival Airport
• Voice
• Arrival Taxi
• Voice

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Day In The Life of Data Comm Segment 2

• En Route (Cont)
• 4-D Trajectory Based Ops Begin
• Conformance Monitoring
• Hazardous In-Flight Weather Information
• Arrival In TRACON
• Voice
• Data for Routine Clearances
• Communications Management
• Initial 4-D TAP / CDA
• Conformance Monitoring
• Arrival Taxi Instructions(?)
• Arrival Airport
• Voice
• Arrival Taxi Instructions Confirmation via
  Voice(?)
• Arrival Taxi
• Voice
• Arrival Taxi Instruction Updates(?)

• Pre-Departure
• Logon
• ATIS
• Departure Clearances Revisions
• CDM Agreements, Slot Times or Sequence, NAS
  Status Updates
• Departure Taxi Take-Off
• Departure Taxi Revisions(?)
• Take-Off via Voice
• Departure in TRACON
• Voice
• Data for Routine Clearances
• Communications Management
• Conformance Monitoring
• En Route
• Voice - Non-Routine Tactical
• Communications Management
• 4-D TAP / CDA
• Data as Required Means

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COCR Services vs. Data Comm Services

• AOC Services
• AOCL, OOOI, Free Text, WX Request, NOTAMs,
  Position Report, Flight Status, Fuel Status, Gate
  Connecting Flight Info, Engine Performance
  Report, Maintenance Troubleshooting, Flight Plan
  Request/Response, Load Sheet Request, Flight Log
  Transfer, Real Time Maintenance, Graphical WX,
  Real Time WX Report, On-Line Technical
  Troubleshooting, Technical Logbook Update,
  Electronic Library Update, Software Loading,
  Cabin Logbook Transfer

• ATS Services
• Voice or Data
• ACM, ACL, ARMAND, DCL, D-ATIS, D-FLUP,
  D-OTIS, D-ORIS, D-RVR, DSC,
  D-SIGMET, D-TAXI, PPD, SAP
• Data Only
• AIRSEP, AMC, A-EXEC, COTRAC, DLL (DLIC), DYNAV,
  D-ALERT, D-SIG, FLIPCY, FLIPINT, PAIRAPP,
  URCO, WAKE
• Surveillance
• ADS-B, ADS-C, TIS-B which support ATC
  Surveillance, Airborne Situational Awareness,
  Enhanced Visual Acquisition, MS, ITP, CP

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Data Comm required for OEP Capabilities
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Acquisition FAA Life Cycle Management Process
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Modular Architecture (A2)
Controller
Aircrew
Ground Message Delivery
STARS/C-ARTS
Air-Ground Message Delivery
Aircraft Message Delivery
DCS Apps
TRACON
Local Message Processing
User Interface
National Communication Center
Local Message Processing
Peer Apps
ERAM
FDP
SDP
Wx
DCS Apps
User Int.
ARTCC
MC
CP
Log On
Local Message Processing
Tower 623 Message Processing
User Interface
FIS
TDLS/TFDM

• Allocates the data communications functionality
  in separate hardware (DCS server) co-located with
  the ERAM automation platform
• Terminal environment will have DCS servers at
  their own facilities

User Interface
TOWER
Local Message Processing