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USA Patriot Act of 2001

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Title: USA Patriot Act of 2001


1
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2
The United States Secret Service Homeland
Security
  • There are some things worth
  • DEFENDING
  • Your Country is one of them.

3
USA Patriot Act of 2001
  • Sec. 105.
  • Expansion of National Electronic Crime Task Force
    Initiative
  • The Director of the United States Secret
    Service shall appropriate actions to develop a
    national network of electronic crime task forces,
    based on the New York Electronic Crimes Task
    Force model, throughout the United States, for
    the purpose of preventing, detecting, and
    investigating various forms of electronic crimes,
    including potential terrorist attacks against
    critical infrastructure and financial payment
    systems.

4
HOMELAND SECURITYEvery American can Help
  • The United States Secret Service New
    York Electronic Crimes Task Force is providing
    this seminar in support of the homeland defense
    initiative by providing information to private
    citizens and corporations so they may lead their
    everyday lives in a safer more productive
    environment 
  • Terrorism is the use of force or
    violence against persons or property in
    violation of the criminal laws of the United
    States for purposes of intimidation, coercion or
    ransom. Terrorists often use threats of
    violence to create fear among the public, to
    convince citizens their government is powerless
    in preventing attacks and to gain immediate
    publicity for their cause
  • Most Americans are not prepared to deal
    with the effects of terrorist attacks. Proper
    awareness and education will assist in minimizing
    the effects of potential attacks in the future

5
Introduction Cont
  • The following defensive guidelines have
    been prepared to facilitate the preparation in
    our schools, corporations, hospitals, religious
    properties and any person or group that can
    benefit from them. Using this proactive and
    systemic approach, Americans will be better
    prepared to properly respond to emergency
    situations, specifically a terrorist attack.
    The guidelines presented here should be used in
    conjunction with or to augment previously
    existing plans
  • To have the greatest possible impact on
    our communities, we will begin with awareness
    and education. Attackers are constantly
    searching for new and more lethal types of both
    threats and attacks, therefore threat
    assessments and building security is a constant
    evolutionary process of testing, analyzing and
    implementation. Statistics have traditionally
    been used to decide where to allocate funds and
    resources. This should no longer be the sole
    basis for such appropriations

6
Introduction Cont
  • Topics covered include building
    structure, evacuation, relocation, resources
    available for assistance, communication, tasking
    and responsibilities, and possible emergency
    situations to promote critical thinking. The
    following guidelines were created for everyone
    in their private lives or at their place of
    business. Many of the guidelines can be applied
    to corporations, schools, hospitals, religious
    facilities, nuclear facilities and many other
    types of institutions however, it is noted that
    some of these facilities are different in many
    ways and would therefore require facility
    specific surveys
  • It is important to note that analyzing
    vulnerabilities can be done by both the
    aggressor and the defender. It is also important
    to understand that although your facility may
    not be a target there may be terrorist targets
    located near your facility

7
Planning
  • Acts of terrorism are anonymous and without
    warning. During an attack, there is no time to
    say what should I do? There is no time process
    information, reaction must be instant and
    correct. There is no room for error. Reaction
    must be both planned and practiced.

8
Planning Cont
  • MENTAL PREPARATION
  • Keys to mental preparation Questions /
    Responses
  • The What if? game. Ask yourself what if
    the unexpected were to occur? Imagine even the
    most outrageous events
  • How would someone attack my facility?
  • Decide the best responses to those events
    and visualize reacting in that manner

9
Planning Cont
  • PHYSICAL PREPARATION
  • Keys to physical preparation
  • Be alert and aware of the surrounding area
  • Be aware of conspicuous or unusual behavior
  • Do not accept packages from strangers
  • Do not leave bags unattended
  • Learn where emergency exists are located
  • Think ahead about how to evacuate a
    building, subway or congested public area in a
    hurry
  • Learn where staircases are located
  • Be aware of heavy or breakable objects that
    could move, fall or break in an explosion

10
Planning Cont
  • PHYSICAL PREPARATION CONT
  • Have disaster supplies on hand in a designated
    place on each floor
  • Several flashlights and extra batteries
  • Portable, battery-operated radio and extra
    batteries
  • First-aid kit and manual
  • Emergency food and water
  • Non-electric can opener
  • Essential medicines
  • Cash and credit cards
  • Sturdy shoes/boots
  • Fluorescent tape to rope off dangerous areas
  • Several hard hats
  • High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) masks

11
Planning and our Children
  • Although children may not understand the
    types of attacks they may face or the
    consequences those actions would bring, it is
    still possible to help them prepare. Lesson
    plans should remind children that they can help
    identify someone or something unusual that is out
    of place. Fitness exercises that promote teamwork
    and buddy systems in response to sudden stimuli
    can also promote efficiency in the event of an
    evacuation.

12
Planning and our Schools
  • Every school district should have a plan and
    each school within that district should have its
    own plan that compliments the districts plan.
    The plans should vary depending on the type and
    location of the threat /attack (i.e. intruder,
    explosive device, and hazardous material,
    biological or chemical, radiological,
    hostage/kidnapping) and should be inclusive of
    potential secondary and tertiary attacks. The
    schools plans should include the process to
    notify the district and local officials in the
    event of an emergency.

13
All facilities should have emergency contact
numbers for the following
  • Mayor or City Administrator/ City Manager
  • Public Information Officer
  • Chief of Police
  • Fire Chief
  • Emergency Management Coordinator
  • Superintendent of Schools
  • School District Risk Manger
  • City Building Code Inspector
  • City Council Members
  • City Geologist
  • City Planner

14
Contact Numbers Cont
  • Coordinator of Roads and Transportation
  • Director of Public health
  • Director of Public Works
  • Superintendent of the Water Treatment
    Plant
  • Superintendent of the Water Department
  • Electric Company Emergency
  • Telephone Company Emergency Coordinator
  • Hospital Safety and Security Manager
  • Community Voluntary Organization Chapter
    (Red Cross)
  • Local Poison Control Center
  • Other such facilities in your area

15
Disaster Supply Check List
16
Bomb Threats
  • If you receive a bomb threat, get as
    much information from the caller as possible
    (see SAMPLE BOMBTHREAT CHECKLIST FOR OPERATORS).
    Keep the caller on the line and record
    everything that is said
  • Notify the police (911)
  • Notify the building management
  • After you've been notified of a bomb
    threat, do not touch any suspicious packages.
    Clear the area around the suspicious package
    first and then make all notifications. In
    evacuating a building, avoid standing in front
    of windows or other potentially hazardous areas.
    Do not restrict sidewalk or streets to be used
    by emergency officials. Always have an
    authority figure meet police or other response
    teams

17
Bomb Threat Checklist
18
Mail The United States Postal Service
  • Mail has become a common method of terrorist
    attacks. Access to mail couriers should be
    restricted as much as possible. The mail should
    travel through as little of the facility as
    possible before reaching the mail room. Although
    the courier may not be an attacker, he/she may be
    infected, or may be carrying contaminated mail.
    The mail handlers should always wear gloves and
    have protective clothing available.

19
Mail ContSome signals to look for when viewing
mail
  • The package is lopsided
  • The package is leaking any type of powder
    or fluid
  • The package has a strange odor
  • The writing is badly typed or written
  • No return address
  • Addressed to title only or incorrect title
  • Oily stains or residue
  • Discoloration or crystallization on
    wrapper
  • Excessive postage or mailed from a foreign
    country
  • Excessive wrapping, tape or string
  • Package is extremely heavy for size

20
MailCont
  • Rigid envelope
  • X-Ray or visual analysis shows possible
    components of a detonation or dispersal device
  • Unexpected foreign mail, air mail, or
    special delivery
  • Mail delivered by anyone other than the
    licensed carrier
  • Restrictive markings on mail such as
    Confidential, Personal, Eyes Only, Do Not
    X-Ray
  • Misspellings of common words

21
MailWhat to do when such a package is suspected
  • Stop! Do not move or handle the item. If
    readily available, cover the item with a box,
    plastic cover or trash can (only if it is in
    very close proximity to the item)
  • Evacuate the area immediately. Close doors
    or section off the suspicious item as
    evacuation is executed
  • Notify local Police bomb squad or Hazardous
    Materials authorities only after clearing the
    area or building, preferably from a hard-line
    phone.
  • If exposed to unknown substance, remove
    contaminated clothing and place in a container
    that can be sealed. Wash exposed skin with soap
    and water
  • Move to a safe area, upwind, uphill, and
    upstream if feasible
  • Brief all Hazmat teams or Bomb squads as
    they arrive or before telephonically as to the
    incident and all people possibly exposed.
  • Request that the building engineer
    immediately turn off the HVAC system, at least
    for the floor containing the item

22
Improvised Devices
  • Different types
  • IED Improvised Explosive Device
  • IID Improvised Incendiary Device
  • ICD Improvised Chemical Device
  • IBD Improvised Biological Device
  • IND Improvised Nuclear Device
  • RDD Improvised Dispersal Device

23
REACTIONPreparing for a Building Explosion
  • The use of explosives by terrorists can
    result in collapsed buildings and fires. People
    that live, work or go to school in a multi-level
    building can do the following
  • Be ready to evacuate
  • Plan several evacuation routes out of the area
  • Find out evacuation plans for your workplace
    and your children's schools
  • Review and practice emergency evacuation
    procedures
  • Know where fire exits are located
  • Keep fire extinguishers in working order
  • Know where fire extinguishers are located, and
    how to use them

24
REACTIONPreparing for a Building Explosion
Cont
  • Learn first aid
  • Contact the local chapter of the American Red
    Cross for additional information
  • Contact your Local Emergency Planning Committee
    (LEPC) or local emergency management
    office for information about community
    response plan
  • Contact local Police for information regarding
    industry and community warning system
    and make efforts to include in report to
    authorities

25
REACTIONPreparing for a Building Explosion
Cont
  • Location of incident?
  • Is anyone injured or sick?
  • Is there or was there a fire or explosion?
  • What type of vehicle or container is involved,
    any markings on it?
  • Has anything spilled?
  • What do you see, hear, smell or feel?
  • What are the weather conditions, especially if
    windy?
  • Where can responders meet with someone to be
    briefed?

26
ScenariosIF CAUGHT AT THE SCENE OF AN ACCIDENT
  • If you see an accident, call 9-1-1 or
    the local fire department to report its nature
    and location as soon as possible.
  • Some information you want to try to pass
  • Location
  • Nature of Accident
  • Number of patients
  • Extent of injuries
  • Move away from the accident scene and
    help keep others away
  • Do not walk into or touch any of the
    spilled substance. Do not inhale gases, fumes
    and smoke. If possible, cover mouth with a wet
    cloth while leaving the area
  • Stay away from accident victims until
    the hazardous material has been identified
  • If applicable, stay upstream, uphill,
    upwind from the accident

27
ScenariosASKED TO STAY INDOORS "IN-PLACE
SHELTERING"
  • Seal house so contaminants cannot enter
  • Close and lock windows and doors
  • Seal gaps under doorways and windows with
    wet towels and duct tape
  • Seal gaps around window and air
    conditioning units, bathroom and kitchen
    exhaust fans, and stove and dryer vents with duct
    tape and plastic sheeting, wax paper or
    aluminum wrap
  • Close fireplace dampers
  • Close off nonessential rooms such as
    storage areas, laundry rooms and extra
    bedrooms
  • Immediately after the "in-place
    sheltering" announcement is issued, fill up
    bathtubs or large containers for an additional
    water supply and then turn off the intake valve
    to the house.

28
ScenariosASSISTING ACCIDENT VICTIMS
  • Untrained persons should not attempt to
    rescue people who are inside a collapsed
    building. Wait for emergency personnel to
    arrive
  • Don't try to care for victims of a
    hazardous materials accident until the substance
    has been identified and authorities indicate it
    is safe to go near victims. Then you can move
    victims to fresh air and call for emergency
    medical care
  • Rescuers
  • Remove contaminated clothing and shoes and place
    them in a plastic bag

29
ScenariosASSISTING ACCIDENT VICTIMS Cont
  • Cleanse victims that have come in
    contact with chemicals by immediately pouring
    cold water over the skin or eyes for at least 15
    minutes, unless authorities instruct you not to
    use water on the particular chemical involved
  • If gas or vapors could have entered the
    building, take shallow breaths through a cloth
    or a towel
  • Avoid eating or drinking any food or
    water that may be contaminated
  • Monitor the Emergency Broadcast System
    station for further updates and remain in
    shelter until authorities indicate it is safe to
    come out

30
Scenarios IF YOU ARE TRAPPED IN THE DEBRIS
  • Use a flashlight or a glow stick if
    available
  • Stay in your area so that you don't kick
    up dust
  • Cover your mouth with a handkerchief or
    clothing
  • Tap on a pipe or wall so that rescuers
    can hear where you are
  • Use a whistle if one is available
  • Shout only as a last resort shouting
    can cause a person to inhale dangerous
    amounts of dust

31
WeaponsBIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL
Biological Agents infectious microbes or
toxins used to produce illness or death in
people, animals or plants. Biological agents
can be dispersed as aerosols or airborne
particles. Terrorists may use biological
agents to contaminate food or water because
they are extremely difficult to detect.
Chemical Agents A are odorless and tasteless
and are difficult to detect. They can have an
immediate effect (a few seconds to a few
minutes) or a delayed effect (several hours to
several days). They can kill and/or
incapacitate people, as well as destroy
livestock and crops.
32
WeaponsBIOLOGICAL AGENTS
  • Because biological agents cannot necessarily
    be detected and may take time to grow and cause
    a disease, it is almost impossible to know that
    a biological attack has occurred. Authorities
    should instruct citizens a biological attack to
    seek shelter where they are and seal the
    premises or evacuate immediately. A person
    affected by a biological agent requires the
    immediate attention of professional medical
    personnel. Some agents are contagious, and
    victims may need to be quarantined
  • More information on Bio-terrorism preparedness
    and response is available online from the
    Federal Emergency Management Agency, the
    Department of Health and Human Services and the
    Center for Disease Control

33
WeaponsCHEMICAL AGENTS
  • Severity of injuries depends on the type and
    amount of the
  • chemical agent used, and the duration of
    exposure.
  • If a chemical agent attack occurs, authorities
    should instruct citizens either to seek shelter
    where they are and seal the premises or evacuate
    immediately. If authorities are not on site
    already or are not nearby you may need to make
    that decision on your own. Exposure to
    chemical agents can be fatal. Leaving the
    shelter to rescue or assist victims can be a
    deadly decision.

34
WeaponsHAZARDOUS MATERIALS
  • Hazardous materials are transported on our
    roadways, railways and waterways daily, therefore
    an accident can occur anywhere at anytime.
  • Learn the dangers of common place hazardous
    materials and have a list of professionals that
    can advise on appropriate responses.
  • Many hazardous materials do not have a taste or
    an odor. Some materials can be detected because
    they cause physical reactions such as watering
    eyes or nausea. Some hazardous materials exist
    beneath the surface of the ground and can be
    recognized by an oil or foam-like appearance

35
Nuclear Power Plant Emergency
  • Federal, State and local officials work together
    to develop site- specific emergency response
    plans for nuclear power plant accidents. These
    plans are tested through exercises that include
    protective actions for schools and nursing homes
  • Contact with authorities should be established
    to review current protective reactive measures
    (Evacuation procedures will vary depending on
    distance and direction from the nuclear facility)
  • The plans also delineate evacuation routes,
    reception centers for those seeking radiological
    monitoring and location of congregate care
    centers for temporary lodging
  • State and local governments, with support from
    the Federal government and utilities, develop
    plans that include a plume emergency planning
    zone with a radius of 10 miles from the plant,
    and an ingestion planning zone within a radius
    of 50 miles from the plant

36
Nuclear Power Plant Emergency Cont
  • Residents within the 10-mile emergency planning
    zone are regularly disseminated emergency
    information materials (via brochures, the phone
    book, calendars, utility bills, etc.). These
    materials contain educational information on
    radiation, instructions for evacuation and
    sheltering, special arrangements for the
    handicapped, contacts for additional
    information, etc Residents should be familiar
    with these emergency information materials 
  • Radiological emergency plans call for a prompt
    Alert and Notification system. If needed, this
    prompt Alert and Notification System will be
    activated quickly to inform the public of any
    potential threat from natural or man-made
    events. This system uses either siren, tone
    alert radios, route alerting known as the "Paul
    Revere" method, or a combination to notify the
    public to tune their radios or television to an
    Emergency Alert System station

37
Nuclear Power Plant Emergency Cont
  •  
  • The EAS stations will provide information and
    emergency instructions for the public to follow.
    If you are alerted, tune to your local EAS
    station which includes radio stations,
    television stations, and the cable TV system
  • Special plans must be made to assist and care
    for persons who are medically disabled or
    handicapped. If you or someone you know lives
    within ten miles of a nuclear facility, please
    notify and register with your local emergency
    management agency. Adequate assistance will be
    provided during an emergency

38
Nuclear Power Plant Emergency EMERGENCY
CLASSIFICATION LEVELS
  • Preparedness for commercial nuclear power plants
    includes a system for notifying the public if a
    problem occurs at a plant. The emergency
    classification level of the problem is defined
    by these four categories
  • Notification of Unusual Event is the least
    serious of the four levels. The event poses no
    threat to you or to plant employees, but
    emergency officials are notified. No action by
    the public is necessary
  • Alert is declared when an event has occurred that
    could reduce the plant's level of safety, but
    backup plant systems still work. Emergency
    agencies are notified and kept informed, but no
    action by the public is necessary

39
Nuclear Power Plant Emergency EMERGENCY
CLASSIFICATION LEVELS Cont
  • Site Area Emergency is declared when an event
    involving major problems with the plant's safety
    systems has progressed to the point that a
    release of radioactivity into the air or water is
    possible, but is not expected to exceed
    Environmental Protection Agency Protective Action
    Guidelines (PAGs) beyond the site boundary. No
    action by the public is necessary
  • General Emergency is the most serious of the four
    classifications and is declared when an event at
    the plant causes a loss of safety systems. If
    such an event occurs, radiation may be released
    that would travel beyond the site boundary.
    State and local authorities will take action to
    protect the residents living near the plant. The
    alert and notification system will be sounded.
    People in the affected areas would be advised to
    evacuate promptly or, in some situations, to
    shelter in place. When the sirens are sounded,
    listen to your radio, television and tone alert
    radios for site-specific information and
    instructions

40
Nuclear Power Plant EmergencyIF YOU ARE ALERTED
  • Remember that hearing a siren or tone alert
    radio does not mean you should evacuate. It
    means you should promptly turn to an EAS station
    to determine whether it is only a test or an
    actual emergency. Tune to your local radio or
    television station for information. The warning
    siren could mean a nuclear power plant emergency
    or the sirens could be used as a warning for
    tornado, fire, flood, chemical spill, etc
  • Do not call 911. Special rumor control numbers
    and information will be provided to the public
    for a nuclear power plant emergency, either
    during the EAS message, in the utilities' public
    information brochure, or both
  • Check on your neighbors

41
Nuclear Power Plant EmergencyIF YOU ARE
ALERTED Cont
  • In a nuclear power plant emergency, you may be
    advised to go indoors and, if so, to close all
    windows, doors, chimney dampers, other sources
    of outside air, and turn off forced air heating
    and cooling equipment, etc
  •  
  • If Advised to Evacuate ?
    SEE EVACUATION
  •  
  • Three Ways to Minimize
    Radiation Exposure
  • Time, Distance, and Shielding

42
Nuclear Power Plant EmergencyIF YOU ARE
ALERTED Cont
Time Most radioactivity loses its strength
fairly quickly. Limiting the time spent
near the source of radiation reduces the amount
of radiation exposure you will receive.
Following an accident, local authorities will
monitor any release of radiation and determine
the level of protective actions and when
the threat has passed. Distance The more
distance between you and the source of the
radiation, the less radiation you will
receive. In the most serious nuclear power plant
accident, local officials will likely call
for an evacuation, thereby increasing the
distance between you and the radiation.
43
Nuclear Power Plant EmergencyIF YOU ARE
ALERTED Cont
  Shielding Like Distance, the more dense and
heavy the materials between you and the
source of the radiation are, the better. This is
why local officials may advise you to
remain indoors if an accident occurs. In
some cases, the walls in your home or workplace
would be sufficient shielding to protect
you for a short period of time.
44
Nuclear Power Plant EmergencyKEEPING INFORMED
  • Attend public information meetings.
    You may also want to attend post- exercise
    meetings that include the media and the public
  • Contact local emergency management
    officials who can provide information about
    radioactivity, safety precautions, and state,
    local, industry and federal plans
  • Ask about the hazards radiation may
    pose to your family, especially with respect to
    young children, pregnant women and the elderly
  • Ask where nuclear power plants are
    located

45
Nuclear Power Plant EmergencyKEEPING INFORMED
Cont
  • Learn your community's warning systems
  • Learn emergency plans for schools, day care
    centers, nursing homes-- anywhere family members
    might be
  • Be familiar with emergency information materials
    that are regularly disseminated to your home
    (via brochures, the phone book, calendars,
    utility bills, etc) These materials contain
    educational information on radiation,
    instructions for evacuation and sheltering,
    special arrangements for the handicapped,
    contacts for additional information, etc

46
Nuclear Power Plant EmergencyIf Advised to
Remain at Home
  • Bring pets inside
  • Close and lock windows and doors
  • Turn off air conditioning, vents, fans
    and furnace and seal if feasible
  • Close fireplace dampers
  • Go to the basement or other underground
    area
  • Stay inside until authorities say it is
    safe
  • When Coming In From Outdoors
  • Remove clothing and shoes worn outdoors
    and seal them in a plastic bag
  • Shower

47
Nuclear Power Plant EmergencySCHOOL
EVACUATIONSParents/Guardians
  • If an incident involving an actual
    or potential radiological release occurs,
    special consideration should be given to the
    safety of children
  • If an emergency is declared,
    students in the 10-mile emergency planning zone
    will be relocated to designated facilities in a
    safe area. Usually, as a precautionary measure,
    school children are relocated prior to the
    evacuation of the general public
  • As a parent you can best help your
    child/student by making certain that the school
    system implements and practices evacuation
    policies and procedures

48
Nuclear Power Plant EmergencySCHOOL
EVACUATIONS Parents/Guardians Cont
This is especially important for parents not to
rush to the school in an attempt to help or
evacuate their own children. They could in effect
be very detrimental to the organized evacuation.
First, only buses and emergency vehicles should
be traveling in the direction of the school, all
other vehicles should be denied entry for safety
reasons. Second, you may not understand what the
school policies and actions are and may interfere
with their efforts. Third, should you evacuate
anyone from the area, the student may be
considered unaccounted for when an attempt to
relocate is made, possibly causing someone to
re-enter the hot zone and unnecessarily risk
their life.
49
Nuclear Power Plant EmergencyFIRST-AID For
Those Properly Trained
  • Set up a triage station a safe
    distance (will vary depending on the type, size
    and area of the attack) from Hot-Zone
  • Give first-aid where appropriate
  • Seriously injured or burned victims
    should be transported to professional medical
    help immediately
  • Stay out of damaged buildings
  • Return home only after authorities
    say it is safe
  • It is also suggested that before
    returning home you seek medical attention. You
    may have become contaminated or injured without
    realizing it while assisting others
  • Responding crisis teams will need to
    deal with and should understand the stress
    created by such incidents on both those affected
    directly and indirectly

50
Evacuations
  • Goal To evacuate a dangerous situation as
    quickly and safely as possible
  • General Guidelines
  • Use the stairs to escape
  • When evacuating, stay low to the ground
  • If possible, cover mouth with a cloth to
    avoid inhaling smoke and gases
  • In a building explosion, get out of the
    building as quickly and calmly as possible
  • If items are falling off of bookshelves
    or from the ceiling, get under a sturdy table or
    desk
  • If there is a fire, stay low to the
    floor and exit the building as quickly as
    possible

51
Evacuations Cont
  • When approaching a closed door, use the
    palm of your hand and forearm to feel the lower,
    middle and upper parts of the door. If it is not
    hot, brace yourself against the door and open it
    slowly. If it is hot to the touch or if smoke
    is pouring in around the bottom of the door, do
    not open the door-- seek an alternate escape
    route
  • Close doors in each room after escaping
    to delay the spread of the fire. Heavy smoke and
    poisonous gases collect first along the ceiling.
    Stay below the smoke at all times
  • If you cannot see, attempt to crawl
    straight in the direction that you believe your
    best exit will be. Do not change directions.
    When you find a wall, move along the wall while
    maintaining contact with it until you locate an
    exit point
  • DO NOT ANNOUNCE THE EVACUATION OR
    SITUATION ON THE INTERCOM. IF A DEVICE IS TO BE
    DETONATED ON COMMAND, THE ATTACKER MAY HEAR THE
    ANNOUNCEMENT AND DETONATE BEFORE THE AREA IS
    CLEARED.

52
Evacuations Assignments
  • Those assigned to search or determine areas
    clear SHOULD
  • Keep in mind that you know the facility
    better than law enforcement officials
    therefore, you are likely the most qualified
    person for the job
  • While evacuating each area, move quickly
    and carefully.
  • Upon determining each area clear, mark the
    doors/entrances with fluorescent tape or spray
    paint and close doors behind you in order to
    avoid duplicating efforts.
  • Attempt to use megaphones to communicate while
    evacuating. Although primitive, hard-line phones
    prevent efficient movement while evacuating and
    handheld radios and cell phones may trigger
    Radio Frequency (RF) devices

53
EvacuationsAssignmentsCont
  • Those assigned to set up perimeter
  • It is important to set up a perimeter as
    quickly as possible, but first and foremost it
    must be set up a safe distance from the threat
  • Outer perimeter - Keep unauthorized
    intruders out. Perimeter should be set up at all
    entry points to include parking lots and wooded
    areas surrounding schools
  • Access to school grounds should only be
    granted to authorized authorities and
    identifiable (be aware of emergency vehicles that
    arrive well before known response times)
    emergency personnel
  • When concentration is not on vehicles or
    persons attempting to gain entry to grounds,
    visually scan rooftops and grounds for secondary
    attackers/devices
  • Inner perimeter - Make sure only
    designated personnel re-enter facility
  • Students and/or faculty should remain
    between secure perimeters

54
EvacuationsNuclear/Chem-Bio
  • IF ASKED TO EVACUATE IN A NUCLEAR OR CHEM-BIO
    ATTACK
  • Stay tuned to a radio or television for
    information on evacuation routes, temporary
    shelters and procedures
  • Follow the routes recommended by the
    authorities - shortcuts may not be safe. If not
    available, remember Time, Distance, Shielding,
    and upstream and upwind
  • Leave immediately
  • If you have time, minimize contamination
    in the house by closing all windows, shutting
    all vents, and turning off attic fans
  • Have disaster supplies ready to take
    with you (car, home, office)
  • Flash light and extra batteries
  • Portable, battery operated radio
  • Water

55
EvacuationsNuclear / Chem-BioSupplies
  • ITEMS TO TAKE WITH YOU contd
  • High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) masks
  • Fluorescent tape- preferably green and red
  • Emergency food and water
  • First aid kit and manual
  • Cash and credit cards
  • Essential medicines
  • Sturdy shoes/boots
  • Several hard hats
  • Towels or rags
  • Glow sticks
  • Blankets
  • Matches
  • Other

56
EvacuationsNuclear/ Chem-BioTransportation
  • Use your own transportation or make
    arrangements to ride with a neighbor
  • Public transportation should be available
    for those who have not made arrangements
  • Keep car windows and air vents closed and
    listen to an EAS radio station

57
Communication
  • Throughout the Evacuation/Relocation process
    communication will be crucial in the fight to
    survive
  • A planned and practiced system of communication
    must be in place including language (terms) to be
    used and any particular order in which people
    will speak
  • Personnel should be instructed not to use
    cellular phones until all personnel are clear of
    building
  • While communication between team members is
    taking place, someone else must be notifying the
    authorities emergency services and in a school
    system, the district administration who should
    notify other facilities in district and other
    pre-designated contacts

58
Relocation
  • Ideal Logistics
  • Primary and secondary relocation sites should be
    predetermined
  • Evacuation route should be cleared before passing
    through it
  • Security should be set up at relocation site
    before your arrival
  • Enough transportation should be available for all
    personnel
  • Personnel should be transported from inside the
    secure area
  • Motorcade should be lead and followed by a police
    car
  • Communication center must be set up at the
    relocation site
  • Transportation vehicles should be checked for the
    appropriate drivers

59
RECOVERY
  • Return home only when authorities say it is safe
  • Follow local instructions concerning the safety
    of food and water
  • Clean up and dispose of residue carefully. Follow
    instructions from emergency officials concerning
    clean-up methods
  • Have plans for mental health professionals to
    meet with the faculty and staff first, and then
    the students upon their return to the school or
    replacement facility
  • Guidance counselors and/or mental health
    professionals should have plans in place for
    assisting the students in dealing with a
    traumatic incident

60
Internet References Addresses
  • This section lists a number of INTERNET
    addresses that may be useful in obtaining
    information required regarding information as it
    relates to homeland defense. These addresses
    were correct at time of the publication, but may
    have changed since then. Many of the sites
    contain links to additional sites of interest.
  • Army Training Support Center (http//www.atsc-arm
    y.org/atdls.html) Provides a digital library with
    approved training and doctrine information.
    Files include FMs, Mission Training Plans,
    Soldier Training Pubs, and more.
  •  
  • Assay Techniques for Detection of Exposure of
    Sulfur Mustard, Cholinesterase Inhibitors, Sarin,
    Soman, GF, and Cyanide - TB MED 296.
    (http//chemdef.apgea.army.mil/TBMed296/TBMed296.h
    tml)
  •  
  • Atmospheric Dispersion of Reacting Agents
    (http//world.std.com/Blazetek) Link to the
    ADORA particulate dispersion model Demonstration
    Software is downloadable. Site contains model
    description, capabilities, and characteristics.
    Price is 50K.

61
Internet References Addresses
  • C.B.N. Terrorism Consequence Management Bulletin
    Board (http//www.terrorism.com/cgi-bin/wwwboard/m
    essages/173.html) Chemical, Biological, and
    Nuclear Terrorism Consequence Management Bulletin
    Board where one can solicit help or information.
    Does not appear widely used. 
  • Centers for Disease Control (CDC)
    (http//www.cdc.gov/cdc.html) Information
    regarding infectious diseases. 
  • Center for Disease Control-NCEH (National Center
    of Environmental Health) (www.cdc.gov/) Multiple
    links through the CDC on environmental health.
    Has a search option at bottom of page. 
  • ChemDex - Chemistry Related Sites on the Internet
    (http//www.shef.ac.uk/chem/chemdex) Chemistry
    resources on the internet. Points to 3184 nodes.
    Has a menu by university, government, companies,
    societies/organizations, databases, and
    software. 
  • Chemical and Biological Arms Control Institute
    (http//www.capitol.net/cbaci) Non-profit
    think tank with a great deal of information on
    chem/bio terrorism, US policy, treaties etc. 
  • Chemical and Biological Defense Command (CBDCOM)
    (http//www.cbdcom.apgea.army.mil) Information
    on chemical/biological defense equipment and
    chemical agents.

62
Internet References Addresses
  • CBIAC Chemical Biological Defense Information
    and Analysis Center (www.cbiac.apgea.army.mil)
    Collects, reviews, analyzes, and summarizes
    CW/CBD information.
  •  Chemical/Biological Mission Area Overview
  • (http//www.cbdcom.apgea.army.mil/RDA/apbi/friel/
    frielcht.gif) CBDCOM command briefing.
  • Chemical and Biological Warfare - Health and
    Safety. (http//www.ntis.gov/health/health.html)
    Dept of Commerce NTIS site has info on CB agents,
    government research, detoxification and decon
    studies, developing immunizations and drug
    theories. 
  • Chemical and Biological Weapons Information Page
    (http//www.wam.umd.edu/) Provides CBW resource
    links on Bio engineering, BW/CW agents, treaty
    information, CBW arms control resources, and OPCW
    and SIPRI links. 
  • Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention
    Office
  • (lhttp//www.epa.gov/swercepp/) Information on
    the CEPPO office, upcoming events, publications,
    legislation and regulations, and links to outside
    resources. Also contains information on accident
    prevention and risk management planning. 
  • Chemical Transportation Emergency Center
    (CHEMTREC) (http//www.cmahq.com). Source of
    technical assistance from chemical product safety
    specialists, emergency response coordinators,
    toxicologists and other hazardous materials
    specialists

63
Internet References Addresses
  • Counter-terrorism Page (http//www.terrorism.com)
    Site for general terrorism information. Many
    links to other sites.
  • Current Information on CB Terrorism
    (http//www.counterterrorism.net/pages/magazine.ht
    ml) Active Websites 
  • DARPA Accelerated Consequence Management
    (http//saturn.hpc.org80/index.test.html) A
    server dedicated to providing information on
    DARPAs BW defense accelerated consequence
    management program. Includes document research
    link. 
  • DARPA BW Defense Page (http//saturn.hpc.org/BWD/
    other_links.html) Medical defense information
    including CBIAC, USMC CB Incident Response Force,
    Global Health Disaster Network, Med Web, and U.S.
    CB Warfare web links. 
  • Defense Technical Information Web
    (http//www.dtic.dla.mil/dtiw/) DTIC site with
    links to the Public Scientific and Technical
    Information Network, 1 AC - the DOD Information
    Analysis Center, information locators, and news.
    Also links to special collections of NBC related
    data. 
  • Disaster Management Central Resource
    (http//206.39.77.2/DMCR/dmrhome.html) Lackland
    AFB site with information on civilian support
    resources, triage of mass casualty situations,
    medicine and terrorism, terrorism injuries and
    NBC Medical Library.

64
Internet References Addresses
  • Disaster Resource Guide (http//disaster-resource.
    com) Source of information on commercial firms
    which can assist during emergencies. 
  • DOD Report to Congress on Domestic Preparedness
    Against Weapons of Mass Destruction, May 1, 1997
    (http//www.fas.org/spp/starwars/program/domestic/
    execsumm.html) Assesses types of CB threats,
    identifies unmet CB training, and equipment
    requirements for first responders, identifies CB
    warfare information, expertise, and equipment
    that could be adapted to civilian use, and the
    DOD plan for assisting first responders. 
  • EAI Corporation (http//eaicorp.com) Specialists
    in chemical and biological weapons defense and
    training. Can leave e-mail questions to be
    answered. Links to other sites. 
  • EAI Corporation Catalog Chemical and Biological
    Arms Control and Treaty Compliance
  • (http//eaicorp.com/cat_treaty.html)  
  • ECDIN - Searchable Chemical Database
    (http//ulisse.etoit.eudra.org/Ecdin/E_hinfo.html)
    Online searchable chemical database for chemical
    identification, physical chemical properties,
    production and use, occupational health and
    safety, toxicity, concentration and fate in
    environment.
  • Edgewood Research (www.apgea.army.mil/RDA/erdec/i
    ndex.html)

65
Internet References Addresses
  • Emergency Response to Chemical/Biological
    Terrorism Incidents
  • (http//www.emergency.com/cbwlesn1.html)
    Emergency Response and Research Institute. Good
    article on response operations. Has links to
    other info including CB agents and related
    emergency response articles. 
  • Environmental WWW Servers (http//chppm-www.apgea
    .army.mil/dehe/dehe.html) CHPPM links to
    environmental law, toxic substances and disease
    registry, Australian environmental resources
    network, Friends of Earth, and Habitat Ecology. 
  • EPA Envirofacts Database (http//www.epa.gov/envi
    ro/html/ef_query.html) Has search features for
    Superfund, Hazardous Waste Data, Toxic Release
    Inventory, Air Releases, and chemical search. 
  • Extension Toxicology Network (http//ace.orst.edu
    /info/extoxnet) Toxicology Information Briefs
    contain discussion of toxicology and
    environmental chemistry. Has a search
    capability. Also pesticide information. 
  • Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
    (http//www.fema.gov) Information regarding
    hazardous materials response handling. 
  • FEMA - Bio, Toxic Agents, Epidemic Hazards
    Reference (www.fema.gov/emi/edu/biblo12.html)
    Emergency Management related bibliography on
    biological, toxic agents, and epidemic hazards.

66
Internet References Addresses
  • FEMA - Emergency Management - Related
    Bibliography (www.fema.gov/emi/edu/biblo12.html)
    Currently 35 links to various Emergency
    Management related bibliographies. At least ten
    of these relate to NBC.
  • FEMA - Hazardous Materials References
    (www.fema.gov/emi/edu/biblo17.html) No links. 
  • FEMA Library (www.fema.gov/library/index.html)
    Internet Library links with graphic interface
    including Response and Recovery, Internet
    resources, archives, mitigation, and more. 
  • FEMA - Nuclear Power Plant Hazard Reference
    (www.fema.gov/emi/edu/biblo21.html) No links. 
  • FEMA Preparedness (www.fema.gov/fema/pre2.html)
    Provides links to Planning, Training, Exercises,
    Information, Community and Family Preparedness
    Program. 
  • FEMA Preparedness, Training, Exercises
    Directorate (www.fema.gov/pte/) Site helps
    emergency managers prepare to respond quickly and
    efficiently. Has a link to the Emergency
    Education Network and Emergency Management
    Institute. 
  • Federation of American Scientist Working Group on
    Chemical and Biological Weapons Program
    (www.fas.org/bwc/index.html) Contains a report of
    Alleged Use or Release of BW and toxins. Also
    VEREX A Legally Binding compliance regime.

67
Internet References Addresses
  • Handbook on the Medical Aspects of NBC Defense
    Operations FM 8-9 Part III - Chemical
  • (http//chemdef.apgea.army.mil/fm8-9/part_iii/cov
    er.html) No limits. 
  • Health Service Support in a NBC Environment FM
    8-10-7.
  • (http//chemdef.apgea.army.mil/fm8-10-7/cover.htm
    l) No limits. 
  • Internet Disaster Information Network
    (www.disaster.net/index.html) No limits. 
  • Local Terrorism Planning Model
    (http//www.emergency.com/hzmtpage.html)
    Hazardous Materials Operation Page lists related
    articles and research as well as web links to
    related topics including medical treatment. An
    excellent first search resource. 
  • Med Web-Emergency (www.gen.emory.edu/medweb/medwe
    b.html) Emory University emergency medicine site
    with links to hazardous substance release and
    health effects databases, environmental health,
    toxicology. 
  • Medical CB Defense - Biological
    (http//MRMC-www.army.mil/biodef_t.html) Provides
    links to medical biological defense, diagnostic
    assays, botulmum toxin, anthrax vaccine, other
    vaccines, and protection against BW aerosols.

68
Internet References Addresses
  • Medical CB Defense - Chemical (http//MRMC-www.ar
    my.mil/chemdef_t.html) Provides links to Medical
    Chemical defense, various agent types, decon and
    protection, performance effects of protectant
    drugs, and chemical casualty management. 
  • Medical NBC (www.nbc-med.org) Medical NBC
    Information Server web page contains medical
    documentation, training material, a search
    engine, and a library. Run by the US Army
    Medical Dept. 
  • Medical NBC Defense (http//www.nbc-med.org)
    Source of detailed information regarding the
    treatment of chemical, biological and radiation
    casualties. Can download Army manuals on the
    subject (recommend FM 8-9 in particular). 
  • Medical Planners Resource Center
    (http//www.geocities.com/CapitalHill/7533/)
    Provides links to other sites including Military
    and Disaster Sites, military medicine and
    schools, and related federal agencies. 
  • MIL NET Terrorism (http//www.onestep.com80/mi
    lnet/terror.html) Focus on terrorism with links
    to terrorism in the U.S., terrorist groups,
    weapons, chronological file, elite forces, and
    legal aspects. Also links to U.S. government
    counter-terrorism and Army War College reading
    list on nuclear terrorism. 
  • National Institute for Occupational Safety and
    Health (NIOSH) (http//www.cdc.gov/niosh/homepage.
    html) Information regarding various hazards and
    human health and safety. Download of the NIOSH
    Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards update is
    possible. Access to the Registry of Toxic
    Effects of Chemical Substances database.

69
Internet References Addresses
  • National Research Council (www.nas.edu/nrc)
    Provides supports on NRC activities in numerous
    fields, including chemical demil. Homepage has
    search option. 
  • Occupational Safety and Health Administration
    (OSHA) (http//gabby.osha-slc.gov/OCIS/tech_info.h
    tml) Information regarding various hazards and
    human health and safety. 
  • Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical
    Weapons (OPCW) (http//www.opcw.nl) International
    organization formed to enforce the provisions of
    the Chemical Weapons Convention. Much good
    information about chemical weapons in laymans
    terms.  
  • Other Sources of BW Weapons Info
    (www.fas.org/bwc/bwcweb.html) Provides a data
    link to numerous BW and CW sites. Primary focus
    is on BW/CW Conventions disarmament. 
  • Personnel Safety Management/Risk Management
    Program
  • (http//www.infoassets.com/kbi/psmlink.html)
    Excellent links to government health and safety,
    DOD HAZMAT, state health and safety, MSDSs, DOT
    RSPA Hazardous materials safety, DOE environment,
    safety, and health. 
  • RCRA, Superfund, and EPCRA Hotline
    (http//www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hotline/) Provides
    up to date info on several EPA program/regulations
    .

70
Internet References Addresses
  • Asst Sec Def for NBC Homepage (http//www.dtic.mi
    l/ae/) Provides organization, POCs, program
    documents, and links to other OSD offices and the
    Defense Special Weapons Agency, and the On-Site
    Inspection Agency.
  • SIRI MSDS Collection (http//hazard.com/msds)
    A collection of Material Safety Data Sheets for
    many industrial chemicals and hazardous
    materials.  
  • Stanford University-Chemical Safety
    (http//www.portfolio.stanford.edu/104214)
    Hazardous properties of materials, physical
    hazards, flammability, corrosivity, toxic
    effects, target organ information. Includes
    storage groups for compatible segregation. 
  • Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
    (SIPRI)
  • (http//www.sipri.se/projects/chembio.html)
    Extensive research in arms control, military
    expenditures, technology, CB weapons, European
    security. Excellent external web links. 
  • Terrorism with CB Weapons Calibrating Risks
    Responses
  • (http//www.pressroom.com/cbaci/) Chemical and
    Biological Arms Institute focuses on elimination
    of these weapons. Provides research, analysis,
    technical support, and education. Assists in CWC
    implementation.

71
Internet References Addresses
  • Treatment of Chemical Agent Casualties - FM 8-285
    (http//med.org/fm8-285/ndx.htm) Army Field
    Manual 8-285 www.nbc- 
  • US Army Center for Health Promotion and
    Preventive Medicine
  • (http//chppm-www.apgea.army.mil) Home page
    providing links especially requests for CHPPM
    services. Links connect to Directorates of
    Environmental Health Engineering, Health
    Promotion and Wellness, Laboratory Sciences,
    Occupational Health, and Toxicology. 
  • US Army Medical RD Command (http//MRMC-www.army
    .mil) Links include military infectious disease,
    chemical and biological links, scientific and
    technical reports, and web site links. 
  • US Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical
    Defense (http//chemdef.apgea.army.mil) Provides
    data links to open literature for medical
    management of chemical casualties, and assay
    techniques for chemical agents. 
  • US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious
    Diseases (http//140.139.42.105/) Provides links
    to MEDCOM, Ebola site, outbreak reporting site,
    Center for Disease Control, DTIC, Army, and
    more. 
  • US Army Project Manager for Chemical Demil
    (http//www-pmcd.apgea.army.mil) PM Chemical
    Demil site with links stockpile disposal, the
    non-stockpile program, alternate technology, the
    Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness
    Program, and foreign demil assistance. Has
    excellent links to other chemical related
    agencies.

72
Internet References Addresses
  • U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) Hazardous
    Material Information Exchange (HMIX)
    (http//hmix.dis.anl.gov) Source of information
    regarding the hazardous material published in the
    North American Emergency Response Guidebook.
  •  U.S. Department of State Warnings
    (http//www.state.gov/travel-advisories.htm/) The
    U.S. Department of State Bureau of Consular
    Affairs is now online and makes available a
    variety of helpful information for travelers
    including the official U.S. State Department
    Travel Warnings and Consular Information Sheets. 
  • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
    (http//www.epa.gov/) EPA Homepage. Has links to
    news, regulations, data systems and software,
    information services, and a search feature. 
  • USMC NBC Defense School (http//ftmc-marine.army.
    mil/nbc/nbc.html) Course information.
  • U.S. Secret Service (http//www.ustreas.gov/usss/)
    The U.S. Secret Service Homepage. Provides links
    to Treasury Law Enforcement and Public Awareness.
  • White House Homepage (http//www1.whitehouse.gov)
    Directory of commonly requested federal services
    Briefing Room lists the daily official news
    briefings from the White House.
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