Louis%20XIV:

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Louis XIV

• Absolute Monarchy
• Royal image as collective production
• Performance of Rituals
• - The body as visual language

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Jules Hardoun-Mansart and Charles Le Brun. Hall
of Mirrors, Versailles. c. 1680.
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François Girardon. Apollo and the Nymphs.1666-73.
Marble, life-size. Apollo Grotto, Versailles.
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Gaspard Marsy. The Horses of the Sun. 1668-75.
Marble. Apollo Grotto, Versailles.
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• Henri Gissey. Louis XIV as Apollo. 1653Pen, wash
  and gouache, 167 x 260 mm.

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Gérard Courbiau. The King Dances. 2000.

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vBMvpvDjFvHA

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The Eighteenth Century

• The Enlightenment
• - Developed because of the philosophes (a group
  of French thinkers).
• ie. Rousseau, Diderot.
• - Concerned with the betterment of society and
  human beings
• - Overhauling outdated human institutions and
  belief systems.
• Three art movements during the eighteenth
  century
• 1. Rococo
• 2. Neo-classicism
• 3. Romanticism

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William Hogarth. The Harlots Progress. Plate 4.
c. 1731.
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• Rococo Style
• - Reaction to the weightier Baroque style.
• - Society became tired of the excesses of
  Versailles and taste shifted to elegance and
  convenience, rather than grandeur.
• - A style of art and architecture, characterized
  by lightness, playfulness, and intimacy.
• Rococo is characterized by
• 1. Colourful fragile decoration
• 2. Trivial instead of significant subjects
• 3. Pastoral poetry in art

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Germain Boffrand. Salon de la Princesse, Hôtel de
Soubise, Paris. Begun 1732.
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• Salons small gatherings hosted by educated women
  of the upper class for the purpose of discussing
  philosophical and societal issues.
• Arabesques A type of linear surface decoration
  based on foliage and calligraphic forms, usually
  followed by flowing lines and swirling shapes.

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Balthasar Neumann. The Residenz Würzburg,
Bavaria. 1752-53.
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Balthasar Neumann. The Residenz Würzburg,
Bavaria. 1752-53. Staircase.
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Jean-Antoine Watteau. Pilgrimage to Cythera.
1717. Oil on canvas. 1.3 x 1.9 m.
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• Fête Galante A painting theme invented by
  Watteau. Translated it means Elegant outdoor
  entertainment.

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Jean-Antoine Watteau. The Signboard of Gersaint.
C. 1721. oil on canvas. 1.62 x 3.06m.
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Jean-Antoine Watteau. The Signboard of Gersaint.
Detail.
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Jean-Antoine Watteau. The Signboard of Gersaint.
Detail.
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François Boucher. Diana Resting After Her Bath.
1742. Oil on canvas. 56 x 74cm.
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• Academies and Academic Exhibitions
• - In the seventeenth century the French
  government founded several academies.
• For example literature, painting, sculpture,
  music, dance, and architecture.
• - 1664 - the Royal academy of painting and
  sculpture began to mount occasional exhibitions
  of its members called salons.

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Piero Antonio Martini. The Salon of 1787. 1787.
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Johann Zoffany. Academicians of the Royal
Academy. 1771-2.
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• Jean-Honoré Fragonard. The Swing. Oil on canvas.
  88.9 x 81.3 cm.

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Jean-Honoré Fragonard. The Meeting. 1771-3. Oil
on canvas. 3.18 x 2.15m.
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Jean-Baptiste Greuze. The Drunken Cobbler. Late
1770s. Oil on canvas. 75.2 x 94cm.
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• Portraiture
• 1. Élisabeth Vigeé-Lebrun (1755 1842)
• 2. Joshua Reynolds (1723 1792)
• 3. Thomas Gainsborough (1727 1788)

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Élisabeth Vigeé-Lebrun. Marie Antoinette and Her
Children. 1788. Oil on canvas. 2.71 x 1.95 m.
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• Joshua Reynolds. Lady Sarah Bunbury Sacrificing
  to the Graces. 1765. oil on canvas. 2.42 x 1.53 m.

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• The Grand Manner An elevated style of painting
  popular in the eighteenth century in which the
  artist looked to the ancients and to the
  Renaissance for inspiration.
• Artists would adopt the poses, compositions, and
  attitudes of Renaissance and classical models.