LCLS Update

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Office of Basic Energy Sciences Office of
Science, U.S. Department of Energy
LCLS Update
Eric A. Rohlfing BESAC Meeting August 2, 2001
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Scientific Case for the LCLS

• LCLS The First Experiments
• Scientific case directly tied to decision on
  proceeding with LCLS construction (Critical
  Decision 0 - Conceptual Design)
• Aimed at defining (in some detail) the first
  classes of experiments that would be mounted on
  the LCLS
• Basis for experimental requirements for the LCLS
  CDR
• Assembled through the LCLS Scientific Advisory
  Committee

• Reviews
• Presented to and discussed by BESAC in October
  2000
• Unanimous vote to recommend that BES approve CD0,
  contingent upon positive external peer review
• External peer review completed in November 2000

• Reviews not sufficiently strong to proceed with
  CD0

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Path Forward in Feb. 2001

• BES delayed approval of CD0
• Strong support for the LCLS project, but.
• Scientific case and level of community support
  not yet sufficient

• BES Workshop on Scientific Applications of
  Ultrafast, Intense, Coherent X-Rays
• Organizers Eric Rohlfing and Pedro Montano, BES
• Focus scientific applications of source with
  LCLS specifications with emphasis on ultrafast
  dynamics, nonlinear optics, x-ray imaging
• Participants 20-25 scientists LCLS veterans
  with newcomers
• Logistics May 4-5, 2001 Wardman Park Marriott,
  Washington, DC
• Output report that complements and broadens
  LCLS scientific case

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BES Workshop Agenda
Friday, May 4 815 am Introductory Remarks Eric
Rohlfing Session I Chair Eric Rohlfing 830 am
LCLS Technical Overview John Galayda Discussion
of LCLS The First Experiments 905 am
Chemistry, Condensed Matter and Biology Jo
Stohr 935 am Atomic and Plasma Science Phil
Bucksbaum 1000 am X-Ray Laser Physics Jerry
Hastings 1020 am Generation of Ultra-short X-Ray
Pulses Claudio Pelligrini 1030 am Break
1100 am Femtosecond X-Ray Diffraction with
Table-Top Laser-driven K-alpha Sources Craig
Siders 1130 am Ultrafast Science with
Femtosecond X-ray Pulses Robert
Schoenlein Session II Chair Pedro Montano 130
pm Small-Scale Coherent Short-Wavelength
Sources Henry Kapteyn 200 pm Producing and
Probing Unique Plasmas with the LCLS using Atomic
Cluster Targets Todd Ditmire 230
pm Time-Resolved X-ray Spectroscopies Nonlinear
Response Functions and Liouville-Space
Pathways Shaul Mukamel 300 pm New Ordered
States of Dense Excited Matter Charles
Rhodes 330 pm Break 400 pm Open
Discussions All Participants
Saturday, May 5 Session III Chair Eric
Rohlfing 830 am LCLS Applications in
Microscopy Chris Jacobsen 900 am Prospects for
Correlation Spectroscopy at the LCLS Simon
Mochrie 930 am Time Domain Structural Studies of
Chemical Reactions Using Pulsed X-Rays James
Norris 1000 am Break 1030
am Discussion Session I Ultrafast
Phenomena Leader Steve Leone   130
pm Discussion Session II Coherence and
Imaging Leader Simon Mochrie 300 pm
Break 330 pm Discussion Session III
Atomic Physics/Nonlinear Optics Leader Phil
Bucksbaum   500 pm Adjourn
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Highlights of BES Workshop

• More clearly defined the areas of science that
  LCLS (baseline operation) can potentially impact
• Multiple core level excitation or multiphoton
  processes in atoms
• Volumetric excitation of nanoscale matter by
  x-rays
• Structural determinations for large biomolecules
  or nanocyrstals via x-ray imaging
• Dynamics in condensed phases

• Shorter LCLS pulse still highly desirable
• To extend x-ray probes into the time regime of
  atomic motion in molecules and solids
• To beat destruction of the electronic and
  molecular structure in imaging experiments
• There are realistic proposals for shortening the
  LCLS pulse

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Impact of BES Workshop

• Realization that the scientific community has
  been sufficiently canvassed to develop the best
  scientific case
• No more workshops! (at least for a while)
• BUT! Scientific program for the LCLS will
  continue to evolve and be very strongly coupled
  to advances in XFEL physics

• Decision to proceed with CD-0 in June, 2001
• CD-0 signed by the Acting Director, Office of
  Science
• Preliminary project budget validation completed
  (TEC 175M)

• LCLS collaboration now authorized to prepare
  Conceptual Design Report (CDR)
• With good progress and funding availability,
  project engineering and design could start in
  FY03 and construction in FY04

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LCLS CD-0
CD-0, Approve Mission Need for the Linac Coherent
Light Source (LCLS)   Office of Basic Energy
Sciences Office of Science   A. Justification of
Mission Need   1. Office of Basic Energy
Sciences Program Mission   The mission of the
Office of Science is To advance basic research
and the instruments of science that are the
foundations for DOEs applied missions, a base
for U.S. technology innovation, and a source of
remarkable insights into our physical and
biological world and the nature of matter and
energy. The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS)
project is a unique opportunity for a major
advance in carrying out that mission.   The
Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES) within the
DOE Office of Science currently operates four
major synchrotron facilities  the National
Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) at Brookhaven
National Laboratory, the Stanford Synchrotron
Radiation Laboratory (SSRL) at the Stanford
Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), the Advanced
Light Source (ALS) at Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory and the Advanced Photon Source (APS)
at Argonne National Laboratory.  These four
facilities provide world-class X-ray probes of
matter to an enormous user community that spans a
broad range of the physical and biological
sciences. BES is dedicated to the stewardship of
the current light sources, as evidenced by the
ongoing upgrades to SSRL, and to advancing the
state-of-the art in X-ray probes of matter
through the development of next-generation
sources and instruments.   In the early 1990s,
it became clear that the next-generation X-ray
light source would be based on a linac-driven,
x-ray free electron laser (XFEL). As early as
1992, workshops began to better define the
properties of such an XFEL and the science that
would be enabled. In 1994, the National Research
Council published a study, Free Electron Lasers
and Other Advanced Sources of Light, Scientific
Research Opportunities, that reached the
conclusion that FELs were not competitive with
conventional lasers for scientific applications
except in the X-ray region.