Communication Sciences Institute Overview

1
Communication Sciences InstituteOverview

• Department of Electrical Engineering
• University of Southern California
• http//csi.usc.edu/

2
History Highlights

• Founded in 1982
• Goal to facilitate interaction of communications
  faculty with governmental and industrial research
  sponsors
• Four National Academy of Engineering members
• One National Academy of Sciences member
• Three IEEE Information Theory Society Shannon
  Lecturers
• Two recipients of the IEEE Hamming Medal
• Eight IEEE Fellows
• Two Life Fellows
• Two NSF Young Investigator Awards
• One Packard Fellow
• One Presidential Faculty Fellow
• Three Okawa Foundation Awardees
• Five startup company founders
• Over 12 books authored by CSI faculty

3
Who We Are

• Faculty
• 10 full professors
• 2 associate professors
• 2 assistant professor
• 1 adjunct associate professor
• 2 research assistant professor
• Graduate Students
• 54 PhD degree candidates

4
CSI Research

• Research Areas
• Communication Theory
• Coding Theory and Codes
• Sequence Design
• Networking
• Information Theory
• With Application to
• Communication Systems
• Wireless Systems
• Communication Computer Networks
• Fiber Optic Communications (WDM)
• Ultra Wideband Radio

5
CSI Facilities

• Optical Communications Laboratory
• Optical Signal Processing
• Optical Networking
• Digital Signal Processing
• Hardware
• Simulations
• Performance

• Ultra Wideband Radio Laboratory
• Anechoic Chamber
• Unique experimental facility

6
Research Sponsors Affiliates
7
Selected CSI Alumni

• A. Anastasopoulos, Assistant Professor,
  University of Michigan
• S. Banerjee, Associate Professor, University of
  Pittsburgh
• M. Dale, Head Technical Officer, Broadcom
  Corporation
• R. Dimarco, President, CommSoc.
• M. Fitz, Professor, University of California, Los
  Angeles
• A.-L. Garcia, Professor, University of Toronto
• R. Gray, Professor, Stanford
• R. Hammons, co-founder Corvis
• S. Hinedi, Vice-President, User Equipment,
  Teledesic
• Y-C. Jou, Engineering Director, Qualcomm
• S. Karp, consultant to DARPA, Washington, DC
• S. Matsunaga, Head of Research and Development,
  Aerospace Corporation
• S. Mecherle, Owner and President, Optical Laser
  Communications Systems
• M. Pursely, Professor, Clemson University
• N. Sorensen, Manager, Space Based Radar Systems,
  Aerospace Corp
• D. Sullivan, Vice-President, System Eng.Tech.,
  Hughes Communications
• A. Viterbi, Viterbi Group (co-founder Qualcomm)
• S. Wicker, Professor, Cornell University
• M. Win, Assistant Professor, Massachusetts
  Institute of Technology

8
CSI Faculty

• Todd Brun, Assistant Professor
• Ph.D. 1994, CalTech
• Keith M. Chugg, Assoc. Professor
• Ph.D. 1995, USC
• Robert M. Gagliardi, Professor
• Ph.D. 1960, Yale
• Solomon W. Golomb, Professor
• Ph.D. 1957, Harvard
• P. Vijay Kumar, Professor
• Ph.D. 1983, USC
• Daniel C. Lee, Assistant Professor
• Ph.D. 1992, MIT
• William C. Lindsey, Professor
• Ph.D. 1962, Purdue

• Urbashi Mitra, Assoc. Professor
• Ph.D. 1994, Princeton
• Irving S. Reed, Emeritus Professor
• Ph.D. 1949, CalTech
• Robert A. Scholtz, Professor
• Ph.D. 1964, Stanford
• Charles L. Weber, Professor
• Ph.D. 1964, UCLA
• Lloyd R. Welch, Emeritus Professor
• Ph.D. 1959, CalTech
• Alan E. Willner, Professor
• Ph.D. 1988, Columbia
• Zhen Zhang, Professor
• Ph.D. 1984, Cornell

9
Communications Coursework

• Theoretical and applied courses
• Significant depth
• Significant breadth
• Most courses available through DEN
• Cutting edge special topics courses
• Space-time codes
• Optical coding
• Multiuser detection
• Optical networking

10
CSI Faculty
and Bill Lindsey Daniel Lee!
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Keith Chugg

• Research Interests
• signaling, detection, and estimation for digital
  communication and data storage systems,
  architectures for efficient implementation of
  communications algorithms
• Honors and Awards
• co-founder, TrellisWare Technologies
• Associate Editor, IEEE Transactions on
  Communications
• Co-Chair, Communication Theory Symposium Globecom
  2002
• Author, Iterative Detection Adaptivity,
  Complexity Reduction, and Applications (Kluwer
  Academic Publishers)

12
Keith Chugg

• Iterative (turbo) Detection
• Turbo-like code (TLC) design and analysis
• Modified message-passing algorithms
• Theoretical issues such as performance bounds
• Practical issues such as phase tracking for TLCs
  i.e., Adaptive Iterative Detection
• Applications
• Implementation architectures for high-speed, low
  area, and/or low energy per decoded bit
• Ultra high throughput architecture and TLC design
  for FPGA (gt100 Mbps) and ASIC (gt10 Gbps)

13
Keith Chugg

• Applications of Iterative Detection
• Interference mitigation and combining in mobile
  communication systems (ISI/CCI)
• Spatial multiplexing (space time codes)
• Rapid acquisition of pseudo-noise sequences
• Spreading through low-rate TLCs
• Image processing and source coding

14
Robert Gagliardi

• Research Interests
• communication system design, noise theory,
  digital communications, laser communications, and
  satellite electronics and architectures,
  telemetry
• Honors and Awards
• Fellow, IEEE
• Author, Introduction to Communication Engineering
  (Wiley)
• Author, Satellite Communications (Princeton)
• Author, Optical Communications (Wiley)
• Author, Optical Channels (Plenum)

15
Solomon Golomb

• Research Interests
• developing and applying concepts of discrete
  mathematics to signal design for secure,
  reliable, and synchronized communications
• Honors and Awards
• University Professor, former President of Faculty
  Senate, former Vice-Provost for Research, former
  Director of Technology - Annenberg Center for
  Communication
• Fellow, IEEE, AAAS
• National Academy of Engineering
• National Academy of Sciences
• Russian Academy of Natural Sciences
• 1985 IEEE Information Theory Society Shannon
  Lecturer
• 2000 IEEE Hamming Medal
• Board of Governors, Technion Israel Institute
  of Technology

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Vijay Kumar

• Research Interests
• space-time codes, forward error-correction for
  optical communication, codes with iterative
  decoding capability, algebraic geometric codes
  and sequence design for CDMA.
• Honors and Awards
• IEEE Fellow
• Designed spreading codes adopted in 3G IMT-2000
  Standard
• 1995 IEEE Information Theory Best Paper Award
• 1994 Senior Research Award, School of Engineering
  USC
• Former Associate Editor, IEEE Transactions on
  Information Theory
• 1992 Plenary Lecturer, IEEE Intl Symposium on
  Spread-Spectrum Techniques and Applications

17
Vijay Kumar

• Error-Correcting Codes
• Space-Time Codes
• Signal Design and performance analysis
• Recipient of NSF ITR grant (with K. Chugg)
• Graphical approach to decoding capacity-achieving
  codes including
• Low Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes
• Turbo codes
• Codes for the optical-fiber communication channel
• Co-authored chapter on error-correction for the
  optical channel in upcoming OFC Handbook
• 1995 Information Theory Prize Paper Award

18
Vijay Kumar

• Pseudorandom Sequence Design for various
  applications
• CDMA -- Contributed the short-scrambling code
  employed in 3G WCDMA standard
• UWB Radio -- Time Hopping patterns - coauthor of
  sequence design patent application by Time
  Domain Inc.
• Co-authored chapters on sequence design in
• Mobile Communications Handbook
• Communications Handbook
• Coding Theory Handbook

19
Daniel Lee

• Research Interests
• Computer and communication networks, multimedia
  transport
• Honors and Awards
• Frederick C. Hennie III Teaching Award, 1989,
  Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
• 1995 Alan Berman Research Publication Award,
  Naval Research Laboratory
• 1995 Navy's Outstanding Performance Award, Naval
  Research Laboratory
• Member of Sigma Xi, Eta Kappa Nu, Phi Kappa Phi

20
Daniel Lee

• Wireless networks
• network architecture and protocols Call-level and
  packet-level QoS and wireless resource allocation
  
• Design and analysis of cellular and ad hoc
  wireless network protocols
• Joint optimization of physical, network,
  application layers
• Adaptation to wireless channel variations
• Design and analysis of interplanetary
• Optical networks
• Routing and wavelength assignment schemes
• Design of efficient heuristics
• Research on optimal schemes, fundamental
  limitation
• IP over WDM architecture study

21
Daniel Lee

• Internet research
• Multimedia transport over internet
• Real-time and streaming video through
  Differentiated Service
• MPLS routing, traffic engineering, QoS guarantee
• Connection-level and packet-level QoS
• Integration of wireless, optical, interplanetary
  networks through internet

22
William Lindsey

• Research Interests
• deep space and satellite communication system
  architecting, engineering, design, analysis and
  simulation, communication theory, information
  theory
• Honors and Awards
• Life Fellow, IEEE
• National Academy of Engineering
• Founder, LinCom Corporation
• Co-Founder, IEEE Communication Society
• Author, Synchronization Systems in Communication
  and Control (Prentice-Hall)
• Author, Telecommunication Systems Enginering
  (Prentice-Hall)
• Author, Digital Communication Techniques Signal
  Design and Detection, (Prentice-Hall)

23
Urbashi Mitra

• Research Interests
• Spread spectrum systems, multiuser detection and
  estimation theory, space-time coding, adaptive
  equalization, blind algorithms, wireless resource
  allocation, ultrawideband systems
• Honors and Awards
• 2001 Okawa Foundation Award
• 1996 NSF CAREER
• 1997 MacQuigg Award for Teaching, Ohio State
  University, College of Engineering
• 2000 Lumeley Award for Research, Ohio State
  University, College of Engineering
• 1994 NSF International Post-doctoral Fellowship
• IEEE Information Theory Society Board of
  Governors (2002-2005)
• Former Associate Editor, IEEE Transactions on
  Communications
• Co-Chair, IEEE Communication Theory Symposium ICC
  2003

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Urbashi Mitra

• Space-Time Coding for DS-CDMA
• Modulation design
• specialized detection and estimation algorithms
• Blind equalizer and decoder design
• Ultra Wideband Communications
• Channel modeling
• Synchronization algorithms
• Cooperative beamforming and communications

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Urbashi Mitra

• Multirate DS-CDMA
• Channel Estimation
• Block adaptive receivers for time-varying
  channels
• Blind equalization schemes
• Rate detection algorithms
• Adaptive Receivers for Fast Channels
• Reduced rank methods
• Structured methods
• Wireless Resource Allocation
• Control theoretic approaches -- hybrid systems
  theory
• Joint handoff, power and rate control in
  interference rich environments

26
Irving Reed

• Research Interests
• mathematics, VLSI computer design, coding theory,
  stochastic processes, information theory, image
  processing, and statistical signal processing.
• Honors and Awards
• Charles Lee Powell Professor, Emeritus
• Life Fellow, IEEE
• National Academy of Engineering
• Co-inventor, Reed-Solomon error correcting codes
• 1986 Faculty Research Award, USC School of
  Engineering
• 1988 Associates Award for Creativity in Research
  and Scholarship, USC School of Engineering

27
Irving Reed

• Honors and Awards, continued
• 1985 Roy Carlton Paper Award, IEEE AES
  Transactions
• 1989 IEEE Hamming Medal
• 1989 Charles Babbage Award, IEEE Computer Society
• 1992 Distinguished Alumni Award, CalTech
• 1995 IEEE Information Theory Society Shannon
  Lecturer
• 1995 IEEE Ibuka Consumer Electronics Award
• 1998 Golden Jubilee Award, IEEE Information
  Theory Society
• 2001 Warren White Award

28
Robert Scholtz

• Research Interests
• spread-spectrum communications, ultrawideband and
  impulse radio, synchronization techniques,
  adaptive arrays and filters, pseudo-noise
  generators, and communication networks
• Honors and Awards
• Life Fellow, IEEE
• 1983 IEEE Leonard G. Abraham Paper Award
• 1984 IEEE Donald G. Fink Paper Award
• 1992 Senior Award, IEEE Signal Processing Society
• 1997 Ellersick Paper Award, Milcom
• 2000 Okawa Foundation Award
• 2001 Milcom Technical Achievement Award
• 2003 Shelkunoff Transactions Prize Paper, IEEE
  Antennas Propagation Society

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UWB Propagation Measurement
650 MHz Impulse at 12 meters in an Office Building
6
Direct Path
Multipath Pulses
Pulse
3
Received Signal (mV)
0
4
8
12
16
20
-3
-6
Time (nanoseconds)
650 Impulse Signal at 3 meters in an Office
Building
0
-20
Cellular
Multipath Effects
UHF TV
-40
Signal Power (dB)
-60
-80
Ambient RF
-100
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1600
Frequency (MHz)
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Ranging Algorithms
Where is the beginning of the first return?
Is the line-of-sight blocked?
1 ns (time)
1 foot (space)
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Ultrawideband Radio
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UltRa Lab Research

• Focuses the efforts of six faculty and their
  students on
• issues related to ultra-wideband (UWB) radio,
  including
• propagation measurements
• antenna design
• radio architectures and circuit design
• transmitter and modulation optimization
• receiver algorithms for synchronization and
  multipath
• mitigation
• applications to short-range wireless
  communication,
• ranging, positioning and RF tagging
• see more at http//ultra.usc.edu/New_Site/

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Paul G. Allen Wireless Test Facility
Size 15 x 30x 15
34
UltRa Lab Time Line
35
Charles Weber

• Research Interests
• theory of transmitter optimization of coherent
  and noncoherent digital communication systems,
  spread-spectrum and multiple-access communication
  systems, modulation characterization, and blind
  equalization
• Honors and Awards
• Fellow, IEEE
• Founding Director, Communication Sciences
  Institute
• Author, Elements of Detection and Signal Design
  (McGraw-Hill)
• Eta Kappa Nu, Sigma Xi, Pi Mu Epsilon, Tau Beta
  Pi

36
Lloyd Welch

• Research Interests
• Error control coding, implementation of coding
  algorithms, digital sequence generation for
  spread-spectrum systems, mathematics
• Honors and Awards
• Fellow, IEEE
• National Academy of Engineering
• 2003 IEEE Information Theory Society Shannon
  Lecturer
• 1998 Golden Jubilee Award, IEEE Transactions on
  Information Theory
• Distinguished Member, Crypto-Mathematics
  Institute
• Consultant, Cyclotomics, Institute for Defense
  Analysis, Jet Propulsion Laboratory

37
Alan Willner

• Research Interests
• optical fiber communication systems,
  wavelength-division multiplexing, optical
  amplification, optical networks, optical
  switching and optical interconnections
• Honors and Awards
• Presidential Faculty Fellow
• Packard Foundation Award
• NSF Young Investigator Award
• USC/Northrop Outstanding Junior Faculty Award
• 2000 Okawa Foundation Award
• Fulbright Foundation Senior Scholar Fellowship
• Fellow, Optical Society of America
• Fellow, Semiconductor Corporation
• Editor-in-Chief, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics
  in Quantum Electronics

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Laboratory Capabilities

• ? Personnel
• ? 12 Ph.D. students ? 1 postdoc
• ? 1 professor ? 1 visiting scholar
• ? Equipment
• ? 40 Gbit/s and WDM equipment
• ? General optical, microwave, and electronic
  components
• 2 Pico-second Pulse Source
• ? Recirculating Fiber Loop Testbed (1000s of
  km)
• Simulation Models of Degrading Effects
• Found from DARPA NGI

39
Main Research Thrusts
Combating Impairments for High-Speed WDM
Systems Dispersion and Nonlinearities
Dynamic Routing for Generation-After-Next
Networks
Wireless Signals over the Fiber Backbone
40
Accuracy of Chromatic Dispersion Compensation

• Tunability allows lower inventory at OC-192
• Need 16 times higher accuracy at OC-768 than
  OC-192
• Without tunable solutions, custom design is
  required

41
Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD)

• Caused by slight fiber asymmetry
• Different polarizations propagate at different
  speeds
• Critical limitation at high data rates (OC-192
  and above)

42
Subcarrier Multiplexing
SCM Many low-speed users
Conventional WDM Few high-speed users
WDM Channel (Optical Carrier)
Subcarrier
Wavelength
Wavelength
Applications LAN, HFC, CATV, PCS, Network Control
43
All Optical Network Functionality
? shifter
1
1
? shifter
Optical Switch
? shifter
2
2
? shifter
? Header recognition ? Bit and packet
synchronization ? Time slot interchange ? Header
replacement ? Dynamic routing of wavelengths ?
Packet buffering ? Contention resolution
44
Zhen Zhang

• Research Interests
• information theory, coding theory, data
  compression, combinatorics, and applied
  mathematical problems related to communication
  theory
• Honors and Awards
• IEEE, Senior Member
• Research Fellow, Mathematics Dept. Bielefeld
  University, Germany (1986--1988)