Cercarial Dermatitis in Austria Status of Research

1
Cercarial Dermatitis in Austria Status of
Research

• Christoph Hörweg1, Herbert Auer2 Helmut
  Sattmann3
• 1 Institute of Zoology, Department of Systematic
  Zoology, University of Vienna, Austria
• 2 Department of Medical Parasitology, Clinical
  Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology,
  University of Vienna
• 3 Department of Invertebrates, Natural History
  Museum Vienna, Austria

2
Cercarial Dermatitis in AustriaFirst Record

• Gernot Graefe (1971)
• Experimenteller Nachweis einer von Cercarien
  verur-sachten Dermatitis am Neusiedlersee.
• (Sitzungsber. d. Österr. Akad. d.
  Wissenschaften, Mathemat.-naturw. Kl., Abt. 1,
  179 73-79)

Trichobilharzia szidati
3
Cercarial Dermatitis in AustriaGeographical
Distribution
S
V
T

• Vorarlberg
• no data
• Tyrol
• Natterersee (1992) CD, Furcocercariae
• Salzburg
• Wallersee, Wolfgangsee (1994) CD
• Badesee Gastein (2002) CD
• Wallersee (2002) Trichobilharzia sp. (Stagnicola
  fuscus)

T
4
Cercarial Dermatitis in AustriaGeographical
Distribution
UA

• Upper Austria
• Attersee (1992) CD
• Some lakes around Linz (2002) CD
• Carinthia
• Wörthersee, Weißensee, etc. (1950 90) CD
• Herzogstuhl (2002) ocellate Furcocercariae
  (Gyraulus parvus)
• Styria
• Some lakes around Graz (1994) CD,
  Trichobilharzia ocellata
• (Radix auricularia)
• Weihermühle (2002) CD, Furcocercariae

St
C
5
Cercarial Dermatitis in AustriaGeographical
Distribution
V
B

• Burgenland
• Neusiedlersee (1968-70) CD, T. szidati (L.
  stagnalis),
• Bilharziella polonica (Planorbarius corneus)
• Neusiedlersee (1998) B. polonica (P. corneus)
• Vienna
• Lobau (1983) CD, T. ocellata (L. stagnalis)
• Lobau (1993, 1994) CD, Furcocercariae
• Ölhafen (1997) T. ocellata (L. stagnalis, R.
  ovata)
• Alte Donau (2001, 2002) CD
• Neue Donau (2003) CD

6
Cercarial Dermatitis in AustriaGeographical
Distribution
LA

• Lower Austria
• Fischamend/Donau (1971) CD, T. szidati (L.
  stagnalis)
• Sitzenberg (1973) CD, T. szidati (L. stagnalis,
  R. auricularia)
• St. Veit a.d. Gölsen (1983) CD
• Stopfenreuther Au (1994) CD
• Wienerwald/Rekawinkel (1998) T. szidati (L.
  stagnalis)
• Schönau/Donau (1998) Trichobilharzia sp. (R.
  peregra)
• Mannswörth (2002) T. sp. (Stagnicola fuscus)
• Achau (2002) CD
• Fischamend/Donau (2002) T. sp. (Aplexa hypnorum)

7
Cercarial Dermatitis in Austria Summary - Status
2003

• Intermediate Hosts
• Lymnaea stagnalis
• Radix auricularia
• R. ovata
• Stagnicola fuscus
• Planorbarius corneus
• Gyraulus parvus
• Aplexa hypnorum
• Final hosts
• ?

• Causative agents
• Bilharziella polonica
• Trichobilharzia szidati
• Trichobilharzia ocellata (?)
• Trichobilharzia sp. (?)

8
Cercarial Dermatitis in AustriaAlte Donau /
Vienna 2002

• Date 21.06.2002, Time 2 p.m., Weather hot
  sunny

32C
27C
9
Cercarial Dermatitis in AustriaAlte Donau /
Vienna 2002

• Number of snails 86 (from 6 collection sites)
• 6 Radix sp., 36 Planorbis planorbis
• 23 Bithynia tentaculata, 20 Physa acuta
• gt no cercariae found with cercarial release
  experiments
• Conclusion
• more local/specific collections (dependent on
  occurrence of cercarial dermatitis) needed
• Sample size should be extended

10
Cercarial Dermatitis in AustriaAchau / Lower
Austria 2002

• Date
• 03.07.2002
• Time
• 2 p.m.
• Weather
• sunny windy

27C
25C
11
Cercarial Dermatitis in AustriaAchau / Lower
Austria 2002
12
Cercarial Dermatitis in AustriaAchau / Lower
Austria 2002

• Number of snails 4 (collected one week before)
• 4 Radix ovata
• gt only echinostome cercariae found
• gt but massive CD
• Conclusion
• Snail population maybe broken down after
  continuous heat
• (many empty shells) or snails in mud in deeper
  regions
• (2,5 3 metres)

13
Cercarial Dermatitis in AustriaWöllersdorf /
Lower Austria 2003
34C

• Date
• 11.06.2003
• Time
• 2.30 p.m.
• Weather
• hot sunny

24C
14
Cercarial Dermatitis in AustriaWöllersdorf /
Lower Austria 2003

• Number of snails 83 (collected the last days)
• 63 Planorbarius corneus
• 5 Lymnaea stagnalis, 3 Stagnicola sp., 1 Radix
  sp.
• gt no cercariae found with cercarial release
  experiments
• Conclusion
• Sample size should be extended, most likely some
  more snails are within the many water plants

15
Cercarial Dermatitis in AustriaMolecularbiology
Preliminary results

• A specific PCR for the amplification of the ITS
  regions and 5.8S rRNA gene from cercariae and
  sporocysts in the digestive glands of snails has
  been established.
• High sequence similarities of isolates within
  each host species and significant dissimilarities
  between isolates of different host species could
  be determined.

16
Cercarial Dermatitis in AustriaProject applied -
Objectives
17
Cercarial Dermatitis in AustriaProject applied -
Objectives
18
Cercarial Dermatitis in AustriaProject applied -
Objectives
19
Cercarial Dermatitis in Austria

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