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EHEALTH STRATEGIES AND APPLICATIONS

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Title: EHEALTH STRATEGIES AND APPLICATIONS


1
E-HEALTH STRATEGIES AND APPLICATIONS
  • WSIS ACCARA E-HEALTH PRESENTATION
  • 30 JANUARY, 2005
  • DR. LAWRENCE KWEKU YAMUAH
  • AHRI/ALERT, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  • ATAC IV MEMBER
  • yamuahlk_at_yahoo.co.uk

2
OVERVIEW
  • BACKGROUND DEFINITIONS
  • E-HEALTH APPLICATION IN HEALTHCARE DELIVERY
  • CHALLENGES IN E-HEALTH
  • E-HEALTH STRATEGIES
  • ACTION PLANS
  • DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

3
BACKGROUND DEFINITION (1)
  • E-HEALTH is defined as
  • Application of the Internet and other related
    technologies in the healthcare industry to
    improve the
  • access, efficiency, effectiveness and quality of
    clinical and business processes utilized by
    healthcare organizations, practitioners, patients
    and consumers to -
  • Improve the health status of patients.
  • E-Health Healths version of e-commerce thus
    conducting health business electronically
  • E-Health ICT in Health Sector

4
ROLE OF ICT IN HEALTH (1)
  • ICTs provide opportunities for individuals,
    medical professionals and healthcare providers to
  • obtain information,
  • communicate with professionals,
  • deliver first-line support especially where
    distance is a critical factor and
  • promote preventive medicine programmes.
  • Therefore, LDC especially in Africa can benefit
    from using ICTs to improve healthcare.

5
APPLICATION OF ICT IN HEALTH (2)
  • At Referral Hospitals/Regional Hospitals/
    District/Sub-district/ Health Centres delivery
    units, ICT enable
  • more effective planning, decision-making and
    monitoring
  • improved shared service operations
  • greater access to more reliable H P data
  • more effective resource management

6
APPLICATION OF ICT IN HEALTH (3)
  • At service providers level, ICT can enable
  • efficient movement of necessary data to
    clinicians
  • integration of clinical information across the
    health system
  • consistent and shared views of patient data
  • matching of resources to activity levels through
    relevant up-to-date information
  • reliable and timely evidence-based
    decision-making

7
APPLICATION OF ICT IN HEALTH (4)
  • Particular value for patients from improved
    information systems include
  • development use of electronic patient records
    leading to
  • electronic shareable health record
  • multi-media decision support systems
  • remote monitoring
  • updating patient notes using wireless Personal
    Digital Assistants (PDA)

8
APPLICATION OF ICT IN HEALTH (5)
  • Secretary General of UNECA Bamako 2000
    Conference of the AISI stated that
  • Africa is at an early stage of using ICT to
    improve the delivery of health care.
  • Investment in ICT in the HS could complement
    basic health services through
  • enhancement of administration,
  • Access to information and decision-support
    systems for curative and preventive health and
  • improved distribution of medical supplies.

9
PLANNING AHEAD
  • Peter Drucker (1994, p62) stated that
  • Developing Countries can no longer expect to
    base their development on their comparative
    labour advantage. The competitive advantage that
    now counts is the application of knowledge.
  • Challenges need to be identified and addressed

10
E-HEALTH CHALLENGES (1)
  • 5 main areas of e-health challenges
  • Information - Inaccurate and Incomplete
  • Human Resources - (Inadequate or Brain Drained)
  • Infrastructure
  • Quality and Security of data and legal issues
  • Financial and sustainability issues

11
E-HEALTH CHALLENGES (2)
  • Health sector and e-health is facing great
    challenges in
  • Rising cost
  • Growing demands from consumers - patients,
    citizens
  • Demographic changes, ageing population, diseases
    etc
  • Fundamental change to the way healthcare is
    delivered
  • Keeping up with rapid advance of technology
  • Determining quality and effects of e-health
    applications
  • Developing credible information sources on
    research tools and findings.

12
E-HEALTH CHALLENGES (3)
  • Creating ICT technologists and technicians in
    health sector at all levels
  • Attitudes about use of ICT/e-health technologies
  • Time - Mans greatest enemy
  • Achieving consensus
  • Lack of investment in technology in healthcare
    sector
  • Lack of Stakeholder participation
  • Solutions are needed to solve these challenges.
  • How can e-health help to meet health sector
    challenges?

13
Africas E-Health Vision Strategies
  • VISION
  • Africas e-health vision is to ensure the
    delivery of the right information about the right
    individual to the right person at the right place
    at the right time to enhance health outcomes and
    improve system efficiency.

14
Africas E-Health Vision Strategies
  • STRATEGY
  • E-health is about modernizing health system
    methods and technologies to increase the quality,
    safety, timeliness, and efficiency of health
    service to all Africans. The Strategy, therefore
    is to deal with e-health as a long term project
    requiring clarity, ownership of direction, strong
    collaboration and accountability among all key
    stakeholders, and attention to specific
    achievable deliverables.

15
E-HEALTH STRATEGIES (1)
  • Strategies (1)
  • Strong leadership required to solve conflicts
    between and within organizations.
  • Skill development and adoption of new practices
  • Need to create ICT Portals in order to
  • Improve patient-provider communication
  • Contain cost
  • Provide reliable health information
  • Reduce medical errors
  • Enhance efficiency access, utilization and
    collaboration

16
E-HEALTH STRATEGIES (2)
  • Strategies (2)
  • E-Awareness/Training
  • Build ICT Awareness/Skills on the potentials of
    ICTs for E-Health in the sector through
    introduction of ICT curriculum in all health
    training institutions including medical and
    research institutions, nurses training
    institutions, medical technologists schools and
    retraining of already qualified medical
    practitioners.
  • Budgets for Sustainability
  • Ensure integration of ICT in all budgetary
    processes and approach to health management to
    ensure sustainability

17
E-HEALTH STRATEGY (3)
  • Strategies (3)
  • Internet Protocol (IP)
  • Harnessing the potentials of IP by developing
    policies for sharing of patient medical
    information through the use of ICT while taking
    into consideration issues of trust,
    confidentiality and security of patient
    information and ensuring its timely delivery as
    it affects life or death situation of the
    individual.
  • E-Environment
  • Promoting the establishment of favourable legal
    and policy environment for e-Health.

18
E-HEALTH ACTION PLANS (1)
  • Action Plans (1)
  • Set up an ICT Task Force
  • Carry Out survey of ICT facilities usage in HS
  • Set up pilot ICT driven health projects to
    demonstrate effectiveness of ICT
  • Design projects that build synergies with other
    health sectors to achieve PEAP MDG objectives.
  • Identify ICT training requirements
  • Establish ICT qualifications into the medical
    practitioners qualification criteria.

19
E-HEALTH ACTION PLANS (2)
  • Action Plans (2)
  • Develop and promote projects to establish ICT
    access points at different levels of health
    delivery.
  • Review the existing policies for sharing of
    medical information identify gaps on unique
    needs.
  • Tune existing ICT applications in health to fully
    address gender and disability issues.
  • In collaboration with women organisations and
    disabled groups, develop ICT projects that
    specifically address women and disability issues.

20
E-HEALTH ACTION PLANS (3)
  • Action Plans (3)
  • Create an e-health vision and strategy designed
    for broader and ongoing consultation.
  • Identify targeted investments in key initiative
    areas and collaborate with.
  • Develop funding strategies to support e-health
    initiatives
  • Develop a governance framework to co-ordinate and
    integrate e-health strategies.
  • Create an e-health office that will ensure
    co-ordination, integration and monitor delivery
    of all e-health initiatives

21
E-Health Strategies DISCUSSION
  • Discussion (1)
  • The health sector is an information intensive
    sector
  • Improvements in healthcare can occur only if
    e-health technologies are applied as enabling
    tools for re-organization and supported by the
    necessary skills
  • Re-organization and reforms needed
  • Many achievements to date in research and
    development
  • Still needed - standardization and
    interoperability
  • Evaluate the appropriateness of existing ICT
    applications in the sector based on impact and
    effectiveness on the delivery of health services.

22
E-Health Strategies DISCUSSION
  • Discussion (2) Security Threats
  • Identification is one of the BIG Challenges in
    e-health
  • Knowing who you are dealing with remains a major
    concern for e-health services on the Internet.
  • On the Internet, nobody knows if youre a dog
  • but in e-health, it is important to Know if you
    are dealing with a dog. (Alexander NTOKO)
  • Knowing that the person behind the computer (or
    IT equipment) is a real doctor and/or an
    authorized medical personnel.

23
E-Health Strategies DISCUSSION
  • Discussion (3) Security Threats
  • Being sure of the source/origin of the medical
    information transmitted via the Internet
  • Making sure that medical records can only be
    modified by authorized personnel.
  • Confidentiality
  • Information accessed only by those authorized.
  • Access Control/Authorization
  • Originator cannot deny origin.

24
IMPORTANCE OF CONFERENCE (16)
  • To progress from
  • Technology development to Solution phase
  • where e-health system and services are the
    enabling tools to the reforms and
    re-organisations
  • by-
  • exchanging experiences
  • looking at benefits of e-health applications
  • reinforcing the strategies deploying e-health as
    solutions to meet the health sector challenges

25
E-AFRICA 2005 AND BEYOND
  • Conference seen as a milestone of the e-Africa
    2005 effort towards the Information society for
    All, where
  • Health sector enjoys the benefits of the e-health
    tools and the productivity gains it generates
  • African citizens will have better services and
    better value for money
  • The ICT sector enjoys the sustainable market
    development in relevant support tools and
    services.

26
E-HEALTH THE BIG QUESTION
  • The Wealth of a Nation is the health of its
    people
  • Question
  • Has Africa made enough effort in examining ways
    and means of providing the infrastructure to
    connect the health community and providing access
    to information relevant to the health needs of
    the region

27
E-HEALTH STR CONCLUSION
  • Conclusion
  • E-health (ICTs) present many potential benefits
    and challenges thus, potential for explosive
    growth
  • To realize the benefits, the challenges mentioned
    must be overcome
  • Human resource development related to ICT in
    health is a huge area that is critical to the
    successful application of ICT in the sector.
  • Skills in information systems design and
    implementation are critical to successful
    application of ICT in the sector.

28
E-HEALTH STR CONCLUSION
  • Conclusion
  • Progress is being made, but before e-health can
    emerge there must be improved reliability and
    robustness.
  • If e-health is to flourish in Africa, it needs to
    be staged and nurtured. We need to build on our
    own local skills and infrastructure, based on
    local demand.
  • The careful selection of solutions is important -
    we should only take the best from elsewhere.
    There are many initiatives, and only a few will
    survive.
  • Africa should ensure that e-health becomes an
    integral part of health organizations - bricks
    and clicks.
  • Build competencies for e-health find retain
    skilled pp

29
E-HEALTH TAKE HOME MESSAGES
  • E-health enhances access to information
    resources, empowerment of patients to make
    informed healthcare decisions, and improved
    quality, value patient satisfaction.
  • Users want credible reliable information,
    convenience, accessibility, and the assurance of
    privacy.
  • Leadership must demonstrate our commitment to the
    implementation of e-health and promote both
    concept and practical application through
    participation, allocation of resources and open
    communication.

30
E-HEALTH TAKE HOME MESSAGE
  • Vision must be translated into a strategy which
    incorporates action, evaluation, and
    accountability
  • More people (than 150,000 in Tsunami disaster)
    die each day in Africa but continent receives
    less than 1/100th of aid provided for the
    disaster
  • Help Africans to LIVE DECENTLY not to DIE
    GRACEFULLY
  • Poverty and Health are linked somehow

31
E-HEALTH TAKE HOME MESSAGE
  • Main Message
  • To meet the goals of poverty eradication
    programmes of many African countries as well as
    the millenium development goals (MDG), our
    socio-economic thinking must tag along with the
    improvement in the health sector with the
    e-health/ICT tools.

32
  • THANK YOU !
  • UNECA (DSID)
  • Aida Opoku-Mensah
  • Makane Faye
  • Kidist Beleyani

33
  • THANK YOU !
  • ALL !!!
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