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GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY

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The drug is swallowed and absorbed through the stomach and intestinal tract. Oral Glucose ... viscous substance that the patient swallows. Oral Glucose. Suspension ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY


1
GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY
  • EMERGENCY MEDICAL TECHNICIAN - BASIC

2
Pharmacology Basics
  • Indications
  • The reasons for administering a medication or
    performing a treatment
  • Contra-indications
  • A factor that prevents the use of a medication or
    treatment (eg. Allergies)

3
Pharmacology Basics
  • Dose
  • The amount of a drug to be administered at one
    time
  • Mechanism of Action
  • How a drug works

4
Pharmacology Basics
  • Effects
  • The desired result of administration of a
    medication
  • Side Effects
  • Effects that are not desired and that occur in
    addition to the desired therapeutic effects

5
Medication Names
  • Chemical Name
  • describes the drugs chemical structure
  • Generic Name
  • reflects the chemical name, but in shorter form

6
Medication Names
  • Trade Name
  • the name the manufacturer uses to market the drug
  • Official Name
  • the name used in the U.S. Pharmocopoeia

7
Routes of Administration
  • Sublingual
  • Under the tongue
  • Nitroglycerin
  • Oral
  • The drug is swallowed and absorbed through the
    stomach and intestinal tract
  • Oral Glucose
  • Aspirin

8
Routes of Administration
  • Inhalation
  • a gas or aerosol inhaled by the patient
  • Oxygen by mask
  • Albuterol by hand-held metered- dose inhaler or
    by small-volume nebulizer
  • Injection
  • The drug is injected into a muscle mass
  • Epinephrine by auto-injector

9
Medication Forms
  • Tablets
  • compressed powder shaped into a disk
  • Aspirin
  • Nitroglycerin
  • Liquid for Injections
  • liquid with no particulate matter
  • Epinephrine

10
Medication Forms
  • Gel
  • viscous substance that the patient swallows
  • Oral Glucose
  • Suspension
  • drug particles mixed in a solute
  • Activated Charcoal

11
Medication Forms
  • Fine powder for Inhalation
  • a crystalline solid mixed with liquid to form a
    suspension
  • Albuterol by hand-held metered-dose inhaler
  • Gas
  • Oxygen by mask

12
Medication Forms
  • Spray
  • Nitroglycerin sub-lingual spray
  • Liquid/vaporized
  • Albuterol by small-volume nebulizer

13
Steps to Administering Medication
  • Obtain an Order
  • Confirm Order

14
Steps to Administering Medication
  • Select Proper Medication
  • Avoid contamination
  • Check Expiration Date
  • Check For Signs of Contamination
  • Discoloration
  • Cloudiness
  • Particulate Matter

15
Steps to Administering Medication
  • Verify Form Route
  • Inform Patient of Order
  • Inquire about allergies
  • Recheck Medication
  • Expiration date
  • Contamination
  • At least two more times after initial check

16
Steps to Administering Medication
  • Assess Patient prior to administration of the
    drug
  • Administer the correct dose by the correct route
  • Dispose of Contaminated Equipment
  • Reassess After Administration
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