Natural water quality and life support components for captive marine fishes

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Natural water quality and life support
components for captive marine fishes
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Water Quality Animal Health

• Health problems Water Quality
• Only ethical decision.
• Adequate LSS Repeat Business

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Water Quality, LSS Design Marine Fish
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Water Quality, LSS Design Marine Fish

• Parameters
• pH 8.00 8.30
• Temperature 23 25C
• Sp. Gravity 1.020 1.023
• Dissolved Oxygen 6.75 mg/L, 92-98 saturation
• Turbidity lt 0.5 ntu
• Ammonia 0 ppm
• Alkalinity 240 280 ppm
• Nitrite lt 0.050 ppm
• Nitrate lt 20 ppm
• Phosphate lt 5 ppm
• ORP 300 375 mV

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Water Quality LSS Design

• Facing a TRUE test
• Removing Dissolved Organics Particulates
• Removing Nitrogenous Waste
• Promoting gas exchange
• Reducing BOD

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Biological Filtration

• A dedicated space with a high surface area that
  allows for the growth of nitrifying bacteria
  colonies.

• Examples
• Trickle Tower
• Fluidized Bed
• Algae Turf Scrubber

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Biological Benefits

• Conversion of nitrogenous toxins
• Promote gas exchange
• Can aid with degassing of oxidants
• Help stabilize pH

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Mechanical Filtration

• Filtration primarily designed for the removal of
  suspended solid particles and contaminants.
• Examples
• Foam fracs / Protein skimmer
• Rapid sand filters
• Bead filters
• Pressurized Bag filter

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Mechanical Rapid Sand, Bead Pres. bag

• Remove particulate
• Decrease turbidity
• Provides some surface area for Beneficial
  Bacteria

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Mechanical Protein Skimmer

• Removes organics waste.
• Aid with stabilizing pH ORP
• Super efficient contact area for ozone injection,
  if used
• Removes fine particulate
• Reduces Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) thus
  increasing available oxygen to fish

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Chemical Filtration

• The removal of dissolved substances by chemically
  or physically binding them to a media or
  oxidizing them to a less harmful form.
• Examples
• Activated Carbon
• Ion Exchange Media
• Ozone
• Methanol
• Sulfur

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Chemical Disinfection UV Sterilization

• Kills bacteria, viruses and parasites
• Decreases algae growth
• Improves clarity

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Chemical Ozone Disinfection

• Kills
• Improves
• Oxidizes
• Reduces
• Decreases

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Control Systems Environment Conditioning

• Temperature
• Aeration

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Control Systems Bells, Whistles Safety

• Computer assisted
• Meters, Gauges Sensors
• Early warning
• Ozone leak detection

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Control Systems Monitoring

• Test water to verify correct parameters
• Troubleshoot operation of life support systems
• System Trending
• Problem Solving

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The Total Package

Biological Filtration
Chemical Filtration
Mechanical Filtration
Disinfection
Environmental Control
HAPPY FISH ?!
Monitoring